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[主观题]

Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a

bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centers of (144) crime, poverty and moral degradation. Their distrust was caused in part, by a national ideology that farming was the greatest occupation and rural living, (145) to urban living. This attitude prevailed even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential feature of the national landscape.

Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands (146) the precarious life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people migrated from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicions with them.

(44)

A．eruption

B．corruption

C．interruption

D．provocation

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发布时间：2020-11-20

更多“Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文：In the 19th century it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that t

听力原文： In the 19th century it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that the resources of the sea were unlimited. For example, a noted biologist writing in the mid 1800s commented that all of the great sea-fish industries are inexhaustible. Today there's evidence that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as those of the land and the air, and the concern of conservationists now includes sea-fish as well as the African elephant, the Indian tiger and the American eagle. Further, the threat to fish is more alarming in some ways than the threat to birds and land animals because fish are a much needed food resource. Many people throughout the world depend on fish as an important part of their diets, and a decline in the fish supply could have extensive effects on hunger and population.

(23)

A．That they were in infinite.

B．That they should be carefully conserved.

C．That they were declining.

D．That they were limited.

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第2题

Benjamin Watson Senior Center120 West Main Street St. Louis, MO January 22, 20—Richards &

Benjamin Watson Senior Center

120 West Main Street

St. Louis, MO

January 22, 20—

Richards & Leeds Accounting Services

550 2nd Avenue

St. Louis, MO

To our friends at Richards and Leeds Accounting Services,

On behalf of our executive board and all our members I would like to thank you for your continued support of the Benjamin Watson Senior Center.

As you know, the Benjamin Watson Senior Center provides essential services to senior citizens throughout the metropolitan St. Louis area, and is funded entirely through local contributions. Your continued support allows us to continue to fulfill our mission.

Thank you again for your donations throughout the year. We look forward to seeing you at this year's community spaghetti dinner, to be held March 19th at the center.

Best regards,

Anthony Klein, Director

Benjamin Watson Senior Center

Why has Anthony Klein written this letter？

A．To announce an upcoming fundraising event

B．To thank a supporter for making a donation

C．To ask for money to support a senior center

D．To announce the results of a fundraising drive

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第3题

听力原文：In the early nineteenth century, people did not use stamps. They had to pay posta

听力原文： In the early nineteenth century, people did not use stamps. They had to pay postage when they received letters. The postage rate was high at that time, because the post offices had to send many people to collect the postage.

Rowland Hill, a schoolmaster in England, was the first to put forward a proposal to use stamps. He thought it would be much easier for people to use stamps to cover postage. They could go to the nearby post office to buy stamps and put them on envelopes before they sent the letters. The post office could simply put seals on the stamps so that people could not use the stamps again. In this way, the post office did not need to send postmen to collect postage. It only needed to send fewer postmen to deliver letters. That was a good idea and the government finally accepted it.

On May 6, 1840, post offices throughout England began to sell stamps-"One Penny" black stamps and "Two Pence" blue stamps.

Did people have to pay postage when they received letters in the early 19th century？

A．Yes.

B．No.

C．Don't know.

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第4题

听力原文：Continuing our survey of the 19th century, let's take a look now at Harriet Beech

听力原文： Continuing our survey of the 19th century, let's take a look now at Harriet Beecher Stowe. (32) Now Stowe is best known for her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, a book that details the harshness of plantation life in the south. The book was extremely popular in the United States as well as in other countries. Ironically though, for the attention given to Uncle Tom's Cabin, it is far from Stowe's best work. She did write one other novel about life in the south. But much of her best work has nothing to do with the south at all. (33) In fact, Stowe's best writing is about village life in the New England's states in the 19th century. In reference to the customs of the villages she wrote about, Stowe claimed that her purpose was to reflect the images as realistically as possible. (34) She usually succeeded, for her settings were often described actually and in detail. In this sense, she was an important forerunner to the realistic movement that became popular later in the 19th century. She was one of the first writers to use local dialect for her characters when they spoke. And she did this thirty years before Mark Twain popularized the use of local dialect. It makes sense that Stowe would write about New England life, (35) since she was born in Connecticut. As a young woman there, she worked as a teacher. The teaching job helped lead to her first published work, a geography book for children. Later, when she was married, her writing helped support her family financially. Throughout her life, she wrote poems, travel books, biographical sketches and children's books as well as novels for adults.

32. What is Stowe best known for according to the passage？

33.What is Stowe's best writing mainly about？

34.Why was Stowe an important forerunner to the realistic movement？

35.Why did Stowe write about New England life？

(33)

A．A novel named Uncle Tom's Cabin.

B．The harshness of the plantation life.

C．Works about the south.

D．Works about the village life.

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第5题

How old is "old"？ The answer has changed over the years. Two hundred years ago, you were o

ld at 35. That was the average life expectancy then. At the turn of the 19th century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life expectancy increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.

So, how old is old？ The answer is one you' ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. "You are as old (or young) as you feel." The calendar simply tells you how many years you have lived. Your body tells you how well you' ve lived.

"Youth", wrote an unknown author, "is not a time of life--it is a state of mind. Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by deserting (抛弃) their ideals."

Old is a point of view. Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City Commission for the Aging, said, "It annoys me when people say, 'Gee, you look young for your age. ' What does that mean？ Is there some model that you' re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85？ You know, you can die old at 30 and live young at 80."

It is often believed that most older people are in poor health. But the fact is that there are neither biological nor physiological (生理学的) reasons to connect poor health with growing older. Older people are more likely to be affected with illness and physical disabilities than you are, but old age itself is not a disease. It's possible to remain physically fit throughout your life.

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？

A．The concept of "old" is differently defined in different times.

B．Nobody can remain physically healthy throughout the life.

C．The progress in medical knowledge has contributed a lot lo longer lives of us.

D．Older people may get ill and physically disabled more easily than younger ones.

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第6题

" Progress" was the watchword（口号) of the first two decades of the 20th Century. World-wi

" Progress" was the watchword(口号) of the first two decades of the 20th Century. World-wide attempts to deal with rapid industrial growth brought changes in technology, ideas, and political and social institutions that were to shape the century.

Advances in communication: the telegraph, radio, motion pictures, sped knowledge of events throughout cities and rural areas. Airplanes and automobiles widened the geographic boundaries of people's lives. In December 1903, Orville and Wilbur Wright successfully flew the first powered heavier-than-air vehicle. In 1908 Henry Ford introduced his Model-T, a mass-produced automobile available at the affordable price of $ 850. In 1920, KDKA broadcast the first radio reporting of presidential election results.

The Progressives who held political control in the US throughout the period worked to increase democratic participation in the government and other institutions. Through their social reform. movements, they attempted to improve people's lives by advocating prohibition of alcoholic beverages, the regulation of working conditions, and the improvement of living conditions. The booming cities were populated by immigrants who saw America as the land of opportunity. Immigration to the US reached its peak in 1907 with 12, 000 arrivals a day, but would continue to be an issue for Americans until the end of the century. Prohibition, legalized by the 18th Amendment in 1919, would challenge law enforcement officials into 1930s.

Both Republican and Democratic parties pursued a progressive agenda from 1900 through 1920. Republicans Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft pressed for democratic reforms in local, state and national government, restrictions on business monopolies, and advocated social and economic benefits for American citizens. Democrat Woodrow Wilson advocated reforms in banking, tariffs, trusts and labor and sought the development of democracy internationally.

Government and business became more democratic. Big business was a negative and positive force for change; industry's treatment of workers created the pressure for labor reform; municipal governments modeled their management structures on business organizations. President Theodore Roosevelt led a campaign to" bust the trusts". On May 15,1911, the Supreme Court dissolved the monopoly of the Standard Oil Company.

The people became more directly involved with government. The passage of the 17th Amendment to the Constitution in 1913 provided/'or the popular election of Senators. Women lobbied for and won a voice in government with the passage of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution on August 8,1920.

What happened in 1920？

A．Radio was first used.

B．The first president was elected.

C．The first car came into being.

D．The first airplane was made.

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第7题

Paris 1. Paris, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central

Paris

1. Paris, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central France. The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20 of the nation's population and is the economic, cultural, and political center of France. The French governments have historically favored the city as the site for all decision making, thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities.

2．Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national Capital in the late 10th century. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, a great number of people moved to the city from the "country during the 19th century.The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital. After World War II more and more immigrants arrived.

3. The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broad- casting. It is a place of publication of the most prestigious newspapers and magazines and an international book-publishing .center. With more than 100 museums, Paris has truly been one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the worlD．The Louvre, opened as a museum in 1793, is one of the largest museums in the world.

4. In the late 1980s about 4. 1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools. In addition, about 5. 4 million students attended some 11, 200 secondary schools. Approximately 1. 2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s. French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.

5. Paris is the leading industrial center of France, with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area, lndustries of consumer goods have at ways been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population, and modern, high-technology industries also have become numerous since World War II. Chief manufactures are machinery, automobiles, chemicals and" electrical equipment

第 23 题 Paragraph 2_________

A．History of the city

B．Industries of the city

C．Population growth

D．Education

E．cultural center

F．Immigration

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第8题

Benefit Payments to American WorkersGerman Chancellor （首相)Otto Von Bismarck may be most

Benefit Payments to American Workers

German Chancellor (首相)Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his military and diplomatic talent, but his legacy (遗产) includes many of today's social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion (怜悯)for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement.' Chancellor Bismarck created the world's first workers' compensation law in 1884.

By 1908, the United States was the only industrial nation in the world that lacked workers' compensation insurance. America's injured workers could sue for damages in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. For example, employees had to prove that their injuries directly resulted from employer negligence and that they themselves were ignorant about potential hazards in the workplace. The first state workers' compensation law in the country passed in 1911, and the program soon spread throughout the nation.

After World War Ⅱ, benefit payments to American workers did not keep up with the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers' compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, including one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states' average weekly wages.

In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states' average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today. But, as most studies show, every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims. And with so much more money floating in the workers' compensation system, it's not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.

The world's first workers' compensation law was introduced by Bismarck______.

A．for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement

B．out of religious and political considerations

C．to speed up the pace of industrialization

D．to make industrial production safer

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第9题

A．In the Qing Dynasty.B．In the 19th Century.C．In the Song Dynasty.D．In the 16thCentury

A．In the Qing Dynasty.

B．In the 19th Century.

C．In the Song Dynasty.

D．In the 16thCentury.