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[主观题]

Symptoms of chronic hepatitis are______.

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更多“Symptoms of chronic hepatitis are______.”相关的问题

第1题

With the sudden onset of severe psychotic symptoms, the individual is said to be experienc
ing acute schizophrenia (精神分裂症). "Psychotic" means out of touch with reality, or unable to separate real from unreal experiences. Some people have only one such psychotic episode. Others have many episodes during a lifetime but lead relatively normal lives during interim periods. The individual with chronic (continuous or recurring) schizophrenia often does not fully recover normal functioning and typically requires long-term treatment, generally including medication, to control the symptoms. These symptoms may include hallucinations (幻觉), incoherence, delusions, lack of judgment, deterioration of the abilities to reason and feel emotion, and a lack of interaction between the patient and his environment. The hallucinations may be a visual, auditory, or tactile. Some chronic schizophrenic patients may never be able to function without assistance of one sort or another.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of schizophrenia?

A.Hallucinations.

B.Delusions.

C.Incoherence.

D.Vertigo.

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第2题

Hepatitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of and injury to the liver. The di
sease has many causes, including misuse of alcohol and drugs, but viruses are the most common cause. Researchers estimate that more than 300,000 cases of viral hepatitis occur each year in the United States.

2. Symptoms of viral hepatitis appear from two weeks to six months after exposure to the virus. The first symptoms are usually fatigue, poor appetite, and nausea. Pain in the abdomen above the liver and a slight fever are also common. After a few days, the person's urine becomes dark and jaundice appears. The jaundice and dark urine indicate the liver is not working properly.

3. Symptoms of viral hepatitis generally last two to six weeks. Severe cases can lead to liver failure and death. But most patients-even those with severe hepatitis-eventually recover completely. In some patients, the disease becomes persistent and is called chronic hepatitis. People with chronic hepatitis may experience mild, vague symptoms of fatigue and poor appetite.

4. There are five types of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis A is a highly contagious disease, but it is rarely fatal. It is also called infectious hepatitis. Hepatitis A is extremely common in developing nations. Outbreaks often occur due to unsanitary conditions, such as contamination of food or the water supply.

5. Hepatitis B is the best-known form. of viral hepatitis. It can be severe and often develops into chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis B is spread by close personal or sexual contact with an infected person, or by exposure to infected blood.

6. Hepatitis C is usually spread by exposure to infected blood. It is the most common cause of transfusion-related hepatitis. It is also a common cause of chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis D is the most serious and also the rarest form. of viral hepatitis. It only infects people who also have hepatitis B. Many cases of hepatitis D are fatal, and most commonly occur among intravenous drug users, who can be infected by sharing hypodermic needles. Hepatitis E often occurs in epidemics that can be linked to poor hygiene and contaminated water. It is particularly likely to lead to serious illness in pregnant women. The disease has been reported almost exclusively in developing countries.

A. Scientists do not know exactly why Hepatitis develops.

B. Hepatitis A often breaks out in filthy places where food and water are easily contaminated.

C. Symptoms of hepatitis include languor, loss of appetite, distress of the stomach, and yellowness of urine.

D. Hepatitis B is the best-known form. of viral hepatitis.

E. The chronic hepatitis lasts a long time and is most likely to recur.

F. People should pay attention to public environment for the preservation of health.

Paragraph 2______.

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第3题

Facts about DepressionIn any given one-year period, 9.5% of the population, or about 18.8

Facts about Depression

In any given one-year period, 9.5% of the population, or about 18.8 million American adults, suffer from a depressive illness. The economic cost for this disorder is high, but the cost in human suffering cannot be estimated. Depressive illnesses often interfere with normal functioning and cause pain and suffering not only to those who have a disorder, but also to those who care about them. Serious depression can destroy family life as well as the life of the ill person. But much of this suffering is unnecessary.

Most with a depressive illness do not seek treatment, although the great majority — even those whose depression is extremely severe — can be helped. Thanks to years of fruitful research, there are now medications and psychosocial therapies such as cognitive/behavioral "talk" or interpersonal that ease the pain of depression.

What's Depressive Disorder?

A depressive disorder is an illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts, ft affects the way a person eats and sleeps, the way one feels about oneself, and the way one thinks about things. A depressive disorder is not the same as a passing blue mood. It is not a sign of personal weakness or a condition that can be willed or wished away. Propel with a depressive illness cannot merely "pull themselves together" and get better. Without treatment, symptoms can last for weeks, months, or years. Appropriate treatment, however, can help most people who suffer from depression

Types of Depression

Depressive disorders come in different forms, just as is the case with other illnesses such as heart disease. Brief descriptions of the most common types of depressive disorders are given below. However, within these types there are variations in the number of symptoms, their severity, and persistence.

Major depression is manifested by a combination of symptoms (see symptom list) that interfere with the ability to work, study, sleep, eat, and enjoy once pleasurable activities. Such a disabling episode of depression may occur only once but more commonly occurs several times in a lifetime.

A less severe type depression, dysthymia, involves long-term, chronic (慢性的) symptoms that do not disable, but keep one from functioning well or from feeling good. Many people with dysthymia also experience major depressive episodes at some time in their lives.

Another type of depression is bipolar disorder. Not nearly as prevalent as other forms of depressive disorders, bipolar disorder is characterized by cycling mood changes: severe highs (mania) and lows (depression). Sometimes the mood switches are dramatic and rapid, but most often they are gradual.

When in the depressed cycle, an individual can have any or all of the symptoms of a depressive disorder. When in the manic cycle, the individual may be overactive, over-talkative, and have a great deal of energy. Mania often affects thinking, judgment, and social behavior. in ways that cause serious problems and embarrassment. For example, the individual in a manic phase (状态) may feel elated, full to grand schemes that might range from unwise business decisions to romantic sprees(放纵). Mania, left untreated, may worsen to a psychotic state.

Symptoms of Depression and Mania

Not everyone who is depressed or manic experiences every symptom. Some people experience a few symptoms, some many. Severity of symptoms varies with individuals and also varies over time.

Depression

•Feelings of hopelessness, pessimism

•Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness

•Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities that were once enjoyed, including sex

•Decreased energy, fatigue, being "slowed down"

•Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions

&n

A.Y

B.N

C.NG

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第4题

Don't Let Depression Ruin a Good ThingFeeling down? Got the blues? You're not alone. Every

Don't Let Depression Ruin a Good Thing

Feeling down? Got the blues? You're not alone. Everyone gets. sad (yes, everyone you've ever met). Some people have sad feelings just once in a while, and others may have sad feelings pretty often. More than half of teenagers go through a sad period at least once a month and plenty of younger kids do, too.

When you're in a sad mood, it may feel like it will last forever, but usually feelings of sadness don't last very long a few hours, or maybe a day or two. A deeper, more intense kind of sadness that lasts a lot longer is called depression. Each year millions of people are estimated to suffer from depression, a condition so widespread that it has been dubbed "the common cold of mental illness. "

Symptoms of Depression

Depression is associated with many symptoms and not everyone has the same ones. Some people have many symptoms, while others may only have a few. The symptoms below may signal that you or someone you love may be depressed:

Appearance—sad face, slow movements, absent-minded look

Unhappy feelings—feeling sad, hopeless, discouraged, or listless

Negative thoughts—"I'm a failure," "I'm no good," "No one cares about me. "

Reduced activity—"I just sit around and mope," "Doing anything is just too much of an effort."

Reduced concentration.

People problems—"I don't want anybody to see me," "I feel so lonely."

Guilt and low self-esteem—"It's all my fault," "I should be punished."

Physical problems—Sleeping problems, weight loss or gain, decreased sexual interest, or headaches.

Suicidal thoughts or wishes—"I'd be better off dead," "I wonder if it hurts to die."

Causes of Depression

The exact cause of depression remains unclear. The most probable explanation is that it is an imbalance in neurotransmitters (神经传递素) in the brain. But what triggers it in the first place?

First, genetic factors. There is growing interest in genetic approaches t6 understanding a variety of diseases and depression is no exception. Some people certainly seem to be more vulnerable to depression than others and there is growing evidence that some genes could make individuals susceptible to the disease. Some studies have shown that people who have relatives with depression have a one in four chance of developing it themselves, compared with only one in fourteen for the general population.

Secondly, external triggers. In most cases just having these genes is probably not enough to cause depression on its own. Depression can be triggered by a number of factors such as unemployment, bereavement (丧亡), social isolation or even a severe physical illness.

Victims of Depression

Anyone may suffer from depression, regardless of age, gender, race and belief. It is "normal" for certain people to feel depressed-such as women, older people, employees with work-related stress, or people with chronic illness.

Women are more than twice as' likely as men to experience depression. Although the reasons for this difference are not known, research suggests that biological differences in women such as hormonal(荷尔蒙) changes and genetics-may contribute to depression. Additionally, social reasons, such as greater stresses from work and family responsibilities, and even the increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty among women, may lead to higher rates of clinical depression.

Depression affects employees at all levels of the corporate ladder. One in every 20 employees experiences the illness. An estimated 200 million workdays are lost each year due to employee depression. Depression tends to affect people in their prime working years and if left untreated may last a lifetime.

Clinical Depression and

A.Y

B.N

C.NG

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第5题

根据以下材料,回答题Air PollutionThere is no question that the old style. of air pollution

根据以下材料,回答题

Air Pollution

There is no question that the old style. of air pollution could kill people. In one week following the infamous "peasouper" fog in December 1952,4,700 people died in London. Most of these people were elderly and already had heart or lung diseases. A series of these killer fogs eventually led to the British Parliament passing the Clean Air Act which restricted the burning of coal.

Fortunately, the effect of smog on the lungs is not so dramatic. Scientists have now conducted a number of laboratory experiments in which volunteers are exposed to ozone inside a steel chamber for a few hours. Even at quite low concentrations there is a rewrsible fall in lung function,an increase in the irritability of the lungs and evidence of airway inflammation. Although irritable and inflamed lungs are particularly seen in people with asthma(哮喘 )and other lung diseases, theseeffects of ozone also occur in healthy subjects. Similar changes are also seen after exposure to nitrogen dioxide, although there is some disagreement about the concentration at which they occur.

Other studies have found that people living in areas with high levels of pollution have more symptoms and worse lung function than those living in areas with clean air. Groups of children attending school camps show falls in lung function even at quite low concentrations of ozone.

There is also a relationship between ozone levels and hospital admissions for asthma, both in North America and Australia. It is suspected that long-term exposure to smog may result in chronic bronchitis (支气管炎) and emphysema (肺气肿) , but this has yet to be proven.

Recently an association has been found between the levels of particles in the air and death rates in North American cities. The reason for this association is not understood and as yet there is no evidence this occurs in Australia. However, we do know that hazy days are associated with more asthma attacks in children.

Which of the following is NOT the result of laboratory experience? 查看材料

A.Low concentrations.

B.Fall in lung function.

C.Irritability of the lungs.

D.Airway inflammation.

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第6题

根据下列文章,请回答 23~30 题。 The Drink Your Body Needs Most 1 0UF bodies are estima

根据下列文章,请回答 23~30 题。

The Drink Your Body Needs Most

1 0UF bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70%water. Blood is mostly water. and our muscles,lungs,and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients(滋养物)to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells,removes waste,and protects our joints and Organs.

2 We lose water through urination(排尿),respiration(呼吸),and by sweating. If you are very active you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration(脱水)include chronic pains in joints and muscles,lower back pain,headaches,and constipation(便秘)。A strong smell to your urine,along with a yellow color indicates that you are not geeing enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact. You need water long before you feel thirsty.

3 A good rule of thumb(好的做法)is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces(盎司)of water per day that you need. For example,if you weigh 160 pounds,you should drink at least 80 0unces of water per day.1f you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcoh01.you should add at Least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane it is good to have 8 0unces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.

4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are workin9,traveling,or exercisin9.If you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available. but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.

第 23 题 Paragraph 1____________

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第7题

请根据短文内容,回答题。The Drink Your Body Needs Most<br>1 Our bodies are estimated t

请根据短文内容,回答题。

The Drink Your Body Needs Most<br>

1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.<br>

2 We lose water through urination (排尿 ), respiration (呼吸 ), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches,and constipation (便秘). A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.<br>

3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need.<br>

For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day.<br>

If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.<br>

4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don&39;t need.

Paragraph 1__________ 查看材料

A.Ounces of water needed per day

B.Importance of water

C.Composition of water

D.Signs of dehydration

E.Supply of water

F.Necessity for bringing a bottle for water

点击查看答案

第8题

The Drink Your Body Needs Most 1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% wate

The Drink Your Body Needs Most

1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.

2 we lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation (便秘). A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.

3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need. For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day. If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.

4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.

第 23 题 Paragraph 1 __________________

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第9题

根据以下材料,回答题The Drink Your Body Needs Most(1) Our bodies are estimated to be about

根据以下材料,回答题

The Drink Your Body Needs Most

(1) Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.

(2) We lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸 ), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches,and constipation (便秘). A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.

(3) A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need.

For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day.

If you exercise you should drink another 8ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.

(4) It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don"t need.

Paragraph 1 __________ 查看材料

A.Ounces of water needed per day

B.Importance of water

C.Composition of water

D.Signs of dehydration

E.Supply of water

F.Necessity for bringing a bottle for water

点击查看答案

第10题

The dotcom bubble; the telecoms crash; the music industry bust; the advertising downturn;
the e-publishing revenue stagnation; the PC slowdown; the wireless saturation; the semiconductor slump; the newspaper recession; the R&D retrenchment: And the question is, why do these problems sweep over the information sector so regularly?

The prevalence of these problems points to fundamental issues beyond a specific industry or short-term period. Instead, we need to recognize that the entire information sector--from music to newspapers to telecoms to internet to semiconductors and anything in-between--has become subject to a gigantic market failure in slow motion. A market failure exists when market prices cannot reach a self-sustaining equilibrium. The market failure of the entire information sector is one of the fundamental trends of our time, with far-reaching long-term effects, and it is happening right in front of our eyes.

The basic structural reason for this problem is that information products are characterized by high fixed costs and low marginal costs. They are expensive to produce but cheap to reproduce and distribute, and there-fore exhibit strong economies of scale with incentives to an over-supply. Second, more information products are continuously being offered to users. And information products and services are becoming more "commoditized", open, and competitive. The main result of these factors is that prices for content, network distribution and equipment are collapsing across a broad front. It seems to have become difficult to charge anything for information products and services. The music industry is unable to maintain prices. Online publishers cannot charge their readers, except for a few premium providers such as the FT. International phone call prices have dropped, and with internet telephony will move to near-zero. Web advertising prices have collapsed. Much of world and national news is provided for free. A lot of software is distributed or acquired gratis. Academic articles are being distributed online for free. TV and radio have always been free unless taxed. Even cable TV, at 20,000 program hours a week, is available to viewers at a cost of a 1/10 of 1 cent per hour. Newspaper prices barely cover the physical cost of paper and delivery; the content is thrown in for free.

All these are symptoms of a chronic price deflation that shows no sign of abating. It is a good deal for consumers, including those of developing countries, but it spells disaster for providers. The price for their information or distribution is dropping towards marginal cost, which is close to zero and typically does not cover full cost. No company can afford to do this for long. And the more efficient the information market becomes due to technology, the faster this process advances. And there is more trouble ahead.

The problems mentioned in the passage ______.

A.last only in a short span of time

B.are widespread and long ranged

C.are caused by improper management

D.exist in the minority of the information industries

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