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根据下列材料，请回答题First Self-contained Heart ImplantedA patient on the brink of death h

根据下列材料，请回答题

First Self-contained Heart Implanted

A patient on the brink of death has received the world"s first self-contained artificial heart a battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires， tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest.

Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a seven-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday. The hospital said the patient was" awake and responsive" Tuesday and resting comfortably. It refused to release personal details.

The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation， and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person"s life by only a month. But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patient"s quality of life.

The new pump， called A bioCor， is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s， which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those， the Jarvic-7， used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine.

"I think it"s potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development，" said Dr.David Faxon， president of the American Heart Association. However， he said the dream of an implantable， permanent artificial heart is not yet a reality，" This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated. " Only about half of the 4，200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year， and most of the rest died.

Some doctors， including Robert Higgins， chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond， said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hearts.

"A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years，" he said. "It"s going to be hard to replace that with a machine. "

The AbilCor has a 2-pound pumping unit， and electronic controls that adjust the pumping speed based on the body"s needs. It is powered by a small battery pack worn outside the body that transmits current through the skin.

The pump of the first implanted self-contained heart was made of titanium and plastic. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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发布时间：2021-05-03
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更多“根据下列材料，请回答题First Self-contained Heart ImplantedA patient on the brink of death h”相关的问题

第1题

根据下列材料，请回答题SleepSleep is part of a person’s daily activity cycle．There are sever

根据下列材料，请回答题

Sleep

Sleep is part of a person’s daily activity cycle．There are several different stages of sleep．And they too occur in cycles_____（46）When you first drift off into slumber，your eyes will roll about a bit，your temperature will drop slightly，your muscles will relax，and your breathing will slow and become quite regular．Your brain waves slow down a bit t00，with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes_____ （47）For the next half hour or so，as you relax more and more，you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep．_____ （48）Then about 40 to 60 minutes after You lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all．Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm．

This is stage 4 sleep．You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long．but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber，your brain activity level will increase again slightly．_____ （49）Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were l00-king at something occurring in front of you _____ （50）It is during REM sleep period，your body will soon relax again，your breathing will grow slow and regular once more，and you will slip gently back from stage l to stage 4 sleep—only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later．

回答（46）题 查看材料

A.The delta rhythm will disappear，to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves．

B.If you are an average sleeper，your sleep cycle is as follows．

C.In stage 4 sleep people tend to dream．

D.The lower your stage of sleep，the slower your brain waves will be．

E.This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 1 5 minutes and is called REM sleep．

F.This is called stage l sleep．

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第2题

根据下列材料，请回答题The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthou

根据下列材料，请回答题

The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor entrances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by "light dues" levied （征收） on ships， the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later， there were 700 lighthouses.

The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design :a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere， though， lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles. Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences （高处）， enormous towers were not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick， others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts; some were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south， from Maryland through the Florida Keys， the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras， North Carolina ，which was lit in 1870. 190 feet high， it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.

Not with standing differences in construction appearance， most lighthouses in America shared several features: a light， living quarters， and sometimes a bell （or， later， a foghorn）. They also had something else in common: a keeper and usually the keeper"s family. The keeper"s essential task was trimming the lantern wick （灯芯） in order to maintain a steady， bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life， they were seamen， farmers， mechanics， rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board， and agency of the Treasury Department， the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.

Which is the best tide for the passage？ 查看材料

A.The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.

B.The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.

C.Early Lighthouses in the United States.

D.The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.

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第3题

根据下列材料，请回答题Hair CareWhether the hair is long or short，it must be regularly brush

根据下列材料，请回答题

Hair Care

Whether the hair is long or short，it must be regularly brushed and regularly washed．For greasy（油性的）hair，especially if the owner lives in a town。it may be necessary to wash the head every four to five days．Those with a dry hair can usually go a little longer，but this is a matter for the individual to decide．

As for style．this must be studied according to what is the latest fashion and also to suit the individual at different times of her life．If a woman is not able to go to hairdresser very often，it is important that she chooses a style. she can easily manage for herself，and this nearly always means

that the first cut must be very standard．The same applies to permanent waving（烫发）．I think that this should be carried out three or four times a year，SO that the hair never gets out of hand．

One thing would be remembered though，that is，whatever you apply to the head can have some effect upon the skin and therefore anything strong should be used with care．Or you may use milder products．

Young people who has spots or skin troubles on their face should take particular care to en． sure that the hair is both clean and does not come into contact with the affected piece of skin．Hair is very difficult to keep completely clean and therefore anyone running their hands through their hair and afterwards touching their face，or letting their hair fall over their faces，might spread infection from one place to another．s

Good hair does a lot to the effect of a face，SO if you want to look charming，please start with your hair．

According to the text，the most basic thing to do in hair care isC． 查看材料

A.to go to hairdressers very often

B.to choose milder products for the hair

C.to wash and brush the hair regularly

D.to keep the hair away from the skin trouble

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第4题

根据下列材料，请回答题The Robot ManAccording to Hans Moravec， universal robots will take ov

根据下列材料，请回答题

The Robot Man

According to Hans Moravec， universal robots will take over all the physical activities that we engage in，leaving us with little to do. Moravec sees four generations on the road to true universal robots. The first generation will be here by 2010 and will consist of free-ranging robots that can navigate by building an internal mental map of their surroundings. In new situations they"ll be able to adapt， unlike today"s mobile industrial robots. These robots will have the computing power to cope with simple speech and text recognition， and will be used for tasks such as domestic cleaning.

The second generation will arrive around 2020 and will be distinguished by the ability to learn. Second generation robots are programmed with sets of primitive tasks and with feedback that provide" pleasure" and" pain" stimuli. For example， a collision provokes a negative response， a completed task would be positive.

Move forward another ten years to 2030 and you get to generation three. This robot can build internal simulations of the world around it. Before beginning a task， it can imagine what will happen in order to predict problems. If it has a free moment， it can replay past experiences and try variations in order to find a better way of doing things next time. It could even observe a person or another robot performing a task and learn by imitation. For the first time， we have here a robot that can think.

By the time we get to generation four in 2040， Moravec predicts that robots will be able to match human reasoning and behaviour; generalise abstract ideas from specific experience; and conversely， compile detailed plans of action from general commands such as "earn a living" or"make more robots".

The Moravec manifesto （宣告） runs something like this. As robots start to become useful in generation one， they"ll begin to take on many tasks in industry. Driven by the availability of this cheap and tireless labour force， the economy will boom and the demand for robots will grow so rapidly that they will soon become low-cost commodity items. So much so that they"ll move into the home， where the domestic robot will relieve us of many chores.

With increasing automation in generations two and three， the length of the average working day will plummet， eventually to near zero. Most people will be unemployed as robots take over not just primary industry， but the service economy too. Moravec sees the fourth generation as an opportunity to surpass our human limitations.

These future machines will be our" mind children". Like biological children of previous generations， they will embody humanity"s best hope for a long-term future.

What will be the distinctive feature of the second generation robots？ 查看材料

A.They will be able to recognize speeches and texts.

B.They will be able to learn by themselves.

C.They will be able to predict problems.

D.They will be able to match human reasoning and behaviour.

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第5题

根据下列材料，请回答题Look After Your VoiceOften speakers， at a meeting experience dry mout

根据下列材料，请回答题

Look After Your Voice

Often speakers， at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or， press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are Slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.

Before you begin your talk， be kind to your voice， Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.

If you sense that you are losing your voice， stop talking completely. In the meantime， do not even talk in a low voice. Save your voice for your health. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes， but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If it is necessary ， perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer.

What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat？ I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything， but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.

Perhaps you want to accept the advice， but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe， who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools， said， "We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter". Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change， you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.

To solve the problem of dry mouths， one is advised to take cool milk. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第6题

根据下列材料，请回答题The Weight ExperimentNicola Waiters has been taking part in experimen

根据下列材料，请回答题

The Weight Experiment

Nicola Waiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a"calorimeter" （热量测量室外） is one way to find out.

1 The signs above the two rooms read simply "Chamber One" and "Chamber Two". These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads" Please do not enter-work in progress" and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every" move the volunteers make. Each day， meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.

2 Nicola Waiters is one of twenty volunteers who， over the past eight months， have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim， Nicola does not have a weight problem， but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness program me. As a self-employed community dance worker， she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise， she thought she would help out.

3 The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too， her daily exercise routine， timed to the last second. At regular intervals， after eating， she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis.

4 The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. "The first time， I only took one video and a book， but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time，" says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled （踩踏板） for half an hour， watched by researchers to make sure she didn"t go too fast.

5 It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more， while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat， the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.

Paragraph 1 __________ 查看材料

A.What does the calorimeter look like inside？

B.What program was designed for the experiment？

C.What is a calorimeter？

D.What is the first impression？

E.How do the volunteers kill the time？

F.Why did Nicola join in the experiments？

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第7题

根据下列材料，请回答题Clone FarmFactory farming could soon enter a new era of mass producti

根据下列材料，请回答题

Clone Farm

Factory farming could soon enter a new era of mass production．Companies in the US are developing the technology needed to“clone”chickens on a massive scale．Once a chicken with desirable traits has been bred or genetically engineered，tens of thousands of eggs，which will hatch into identical copies，could roll off the production lines every hour．Billions of clones could be produced each year to supply chicken farms with birds that all grow at the same rate，have the same amount of meat and taste the same．

This，at least，is the vision of the us’s National Institute of Science and Technology．Which has given Origen Therapeutics of Burlingame，California，and Embrex of North Carolina$4．7 million to help fund research．The prospect has alarmed animal welfare groups，who fear it could increase the suffering of farm birds．

That’s unlikely to put off the poultry industry，however，which wants disease resistant birds that grow faster on less food．“Producers would like the same meat quantity but to use reduced inputs to get there，”says Mike Fitzgerald of Origen．To meet this demand．Origen aims to“create an animal that is effectively a clone”．he says．Normal cloning doesn’t work in birds because eggs can’t be removed and implanted．Instead，the company is trying to bulk．grow embryonic stem cells taken from fertilized eggs as soon as they’re laid．“The trick is to culture the cells without them starting to distinguish，so they remain pluripotent，”says Fitzgerald．

Using a long—established technique．these donor cells will then be injected into the embryo of a freshly laid，fertilized recipient egg，forming a chick that is a“chimera”．Strictly speaking a chimera isn’t a clone，because it contains cells from both donor and recipient．But Fitzgerald says it will be enough if，say，95 percent of a chicken’s body develops from donor cells．“In the poultry world，it doesn’t matter if it"s not l00 percent．”he says．

Another challenge for Origen is to scale up production．To do this，it has teamed up with Embrex，which produces machines that can inject vaccines into up t0 50，000 eggs an hour．Embrex is now trying to modify the machines to locate the embryo and inject the cells into precisely the right spot without killing it．

In future，Origen imagines freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken．If orders come in for a particular strain，millions of eggs could be produced in months or even weeks．At present． maintaining all the varieties the market might call for is too expensive for breeders and it takes years to bread enough chickens to produce the billions of eggs that farmers need．

According to the first paragraph，which statement is the best description of the new era of factory farming？ 查看材料

A.Eggs are all genetically engineered．

B.Thousands of eggs are produced every hour．

C.Cloned chickens are bulk—produced with the same growth rate，weight and taste．

D.Identical eggsscan be hatched on the production lines．

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第8题

根据下列材料，请回答题2001到2012年间，中国对匈牙利进口同比增速小于0的年份有几个？A.1B.2C.3D.4

根据下列材料，请回答题根据下列材料，请回答题2001到2012年间，中国对匈牙利进口同比增速小于0的年份有几个？A.1B.2001到2012年间，中国对匈牙利进口同比增速小于0的年份有几个？A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4

2001到2012年间，中国对匈牙利出口同比增量最高的年份，当年的贸易顺差为多少亿美元？A.12.8

B.19.9

C.38.0

D.47.2

关于中国与匈牙利进出口贸易，能够从资料中推出的是：A.2012年进出口贸易总额降幅超过20%

B.2006年到2012年间，贸易顺差额逐年增长

C.2000到2012年间，进出口贸易总额翻了三番

D.2012年仪器仪表出口额占出口总额的2成以上

2012年中国对匈牙利出口前10大类之外的商品出口额之和约为多少亿美元？A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

2011年中国对匈牙利出口前10大类商品中，出口额最低的是：A.有机化学品

B.钢铁制品

C.塑料及其制品

D.车辆及其零附件（铁道车辆除外）

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第9题

根据下列材料，请回答题Medical JournalsMedical journals are publications that report medical

根据下列材料，请回答题

Medical Journals

Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals．

In the past，these journals were available only in print．With the development of electronic publishing，many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet，and some joumals are published only online．A few medical journals，like the Journal of the American Medical Association，are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine．Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine．

Medical journals publish many types of articles．Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials

that compare outcomes of different treatments．Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature．Because the

results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors，combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing，diagnosing or treating a particular disease．Case conferences and case reports

may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them．Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors，of ten regarding a research or review article published in the same issue．Editorials provide a perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic．Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments，questions or criticisms

about articles published in that journal．

The main readers of medical journals are_____． 查看材料

A.the general public

B.health professionals

C.medical critics

D.news reporters

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第10题

根据下列材料，请回答题Science and TechnologyThere is a difference between science and techn

根据下列材料，请回答题

Science and Technology

There is a difference between science and technology. _______（46） Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools， techniques， and procedures for applying the findings of science. _______ （47）

Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists， who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty， cannot pay attention to their own or other peoples likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things.

_______ （48） But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides， we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic （超音速的） aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. _______ （49） The purpose of technology is to serve people-people in general， not merely some people; and future generations， not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.

_______ （50） Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution， resource depletion （枯竭） and even social decay in general——so much so that the promise of technology is "obscured". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world， what else will？

回答（46）题 查看材料

A.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.

B.Unlike science， progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.

C.What scientists discover may shock or anger people——as did Darwin"s theory of evolution.

D.Science and technology are different.

E.We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.

F.Science is a method of answering theoretical questions ; technology is a method of solving practical problems.

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