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The aim to create Everglades National Park was to______.
A．protect the local ecosystem from damage
B．build the largest tropical wilderness
C．combine the nine parks that already existed
D．shelter migratory birds from North America
答案
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第1题
根据下列材料，请回答题
Food Fright
Experiments under way in several labs aim to create beneficial types of genetically modified （GM） foods， including starchier potatoes and caffeine-free coffee beans. Genetic engineers are e-yen trying to transfer genes from a cold-water fish to make a frost-resistant tomato. A low-sugar GM strawberry now in the works might one day allow people with health problems such as diabetes to enjoy the little delicious red fruits again. GM beans and grains supercharged with protein might help people at risk of developing kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor， a disease caused by severe lack of protein， is common in parts of the world where there are severe food shortages.
Commenting on GM foods， Jonathon Jones， a British researcher， said， "The future benefits will be enormous， and the best is yet to come. "
To some people， GM foods are no different from unmodified foods. "A tomato is a tomato，" said Brian Sansoni， an American food manufacturer.
Critics of GM foods challenge Sansoni"s opinion. They worry about the harm that GM crops might do to people， other animals， and plants.
In a recent lab study conducted at Cornell University， scientists tested pollen made by Btcorn， which makes up one-fourth of the U. S. corn crop. The scientist sprinkled the pollen on to milkweed， a plant that makes a milky juice and is the only known food source of the monarch butterfly caterpillar. Within four days of munching on the milkweed leaves ~ almost half of a test group of caterpillars had died. "Monarchs are considered to be a flagship species for conservation，" said
Cornell researcher Linda Raynor. "This is a warning bell. "
Some insects that are not killed by GM foods might find themselves made stronger. How so？ The insecticides used to protect most of today"s crops are sprayed on the crops when needed and decay quickly in the environment. But GM plants produce a continuous level of insecticide. Insect species feeding on those crops may develop resistance to the plants and could do so in a hurry， say the critics. Insects may also develop a resistance to the insecticide Bt.
At the forum on GM food held last year in Canada， GM crops that have been made resistant to the herbicide might crossbreed with wild plants， creating"superweeds" that could take over whole fields.
So where do you stand？ Should GM foods be banned in the United States， as they are in parts of Europe？ Or do their benefits outweigh any of the risks they might carry？
Paragraphs 1，2&3 try to give the idea that 查看材料
A.GM foods are particularly good to the kwashiorkor patients
B.GM foods may have both benefits and harm
C.we cannot recognize the benefits of GM foods too early
D.GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans
第2题
During the Tung-chih Restoration, the great aim was the revival of Confucian values and institutions. But these aims had to be modified so that they might endure. Restoration statesman had no desire to create a new society--they wanted to restore a society that they believed had been based on truth. The statesman of the Restoration stretched the traditional ideology to its limits in an effort to make the Confucian system work under new conditions. They were true conservatives in a great tradition, living in an age when revolutionary change was unavoidable. The aim of the Restoration was to restore to the original vitality the best of the ancient institutions. During the Restoration, the two immediate problems were the suppression of the rebellion and the stabilization of foreign relations. In addition, the people were striving for a restoration of the system of government by superior civil officials.
The men in the hierarchy of the Restoration rose to prominence through proven ability in both civil and military affairs. They emphasized human and social training--that is, indoctrination, morality, and the art of leadership through the cultivation of character. The great majority of the officials rose through the examination system.
During the chaos of this period the examination system had lost much of its effectiveness. This is imp ortant and must be noted because the examination system was the traditional avenue for selecting officials. The senior officials of the Restoration realized that their politics would be ineffective unless the quality of the junior officials was improved, so it was their politics to weed out the officials who had attained office in irregular ways and to promote the examination system as only way to high position. But these men of the Restoration had enough foresight to determine that it was impossible to select officials automatically on the basis of the objective tests alone. As a result, the system of recommendation was ushered in, whereby a high official sponsored the career of a promising young man. This acted as an important supplement to the examination system.
The traditional method for selecting officials was ______.
A．appointment by the civil government
B．the examination system
C．through a subjective testing system
D．sponsorship by a high government officials
第3题
— Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D below.
— For each question 19 - 33, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
— There is an example at the beginning (0).
GETTING THE BALANCE RIGHT
Leaving work on time may not sound like much of a (0)______ However, in an experiment by glass manufacturers Dartington Crystal, it (19)______ surprisingly difficult. Four managers, who all worked very long hours, took (20)______ in a simple experiment: they agreed to (21)______ to their set hours for a week, with no coming in early, leaving late or taking work home. The aim of the exercise was to (22)______ the balance between the managers' work and home lives. It was a way to get everyone thinking about their working hours and how to (23)______ them,
Robin Ritchie, the company's managing director, was very aware that his company was (24) ______ on the experiment at its busiest time of the year. They were also just days away from a big product (25)______ So not surprisingly, perhaps, it soon became clear that it wasn't going to be easy: even on the first day, director of design Simon Moore took home a design problem to (26)______ as he couldn't relax until he had dealt with it.
As the week progressed, the four people involved found it hard to (27)______ with the pressure of leaving work undone. They felt they were (28)______ people down, and worried about the effect on the business. (29)______ crises made it more and more difficult to go home on time. Changing working habits wasn't easy. (30)______ they saw the experiment through to the end.
There was some (31)______ up to do the following week, but the company did not appear to have suffered. Significantly, too, the experiment made the managers reappraise their (32)______ to staying late and start prioritising tasks. All in all, they felt the experiment was of (33)______ benefit, and that it helped them to create a better balance in their lives.
A．displayed
B．showed
C．proved
D．demonstrated
第4题
？Which article (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement 1—8 refer to？
？For each statement 1—8, mark one letter (A, B, C, D or E) on your Answer Sheet.
？You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
A
Creativity in recruitment has always enjoyed something of a mixed reputation. Until recently the recruitment sector was traditionally seen as the Cinderella of the advertising industry—for many creatives, at best a stepping stone to a proper career in consumer advertising. Yet there is plenty to suggest that this view is beginning to change significantly. As the recruitment communications market becomes more sophisticated, the opportunities for creative innovation multiply accordingly. Recruitment has, for example, been quicker to exploit the creative potential of the Internet than many other advertising sectors.
B
On the subject of how the multi-channel environment has affected the creative challenge, there was a strong consensus that today's broad range of media options provides the opportunity to create innovative work. Rice says that creative concepts and strategies need to be much more adaptable to work in different ways with different media, while Haskayne believes that the past would have involved a simple press campaign now offers a range of different elements to play with—and thus more opportunities to do something special. For Davies, the key is to think in the right channels, rather than only to take a concept and plonk it on a banner or a website.
C
One of the trends evident in recruitment communications today is the evolving relationship between press advertising and online content. Press ads are increasingly being used to create impact rather than to carry self-contained recruitment messages, with potential respondents being directed to the web for hard information about jobs, requirements and applications. An inevitable consequence of this new relationship is that the focus has shifted from selling specific jobs to marketing generic career opportunities-hence the continued rise of the employer brand.
D
How important is branding to today's recruiters？ Very, say the creative professionals. Rice says that in sectors such as retail and hospitality, employers often differ little in terms of salaries, benefits and opportunities, not to mention a shortage of good candidates. In these circumstances, an employer's culture is the only true differentiator—which is why it is vital to get the brand message right. Dobinson stresses the value of branding to major clients in ensuring their recruitment messages are consistent and that they're getting the most from their investment.
E
It's important for any agency to be seen to be producing award-winning work, but stresses that the awards themselves need to be 'credible' They have an essential role in setting standards for the industry to aim for, by highlighting best practice and promoting debate about what constitutes good recruitment advertising and communication. But recruitment industry awards have tended to suffer because the judging has frequently been called into question—which is presumably why our creative professionals feel that creative peers would play a bigger role in the judging process.
More media advertising options have more impact on the creative challenge.
第5题
"Salty" Rice Plant Boosts Harvests
British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.
Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University's School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.
The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.
It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.
Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.
To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants' growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.
Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.
Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true？
A．They are students at Sussex University.
B．They are rice breeders.
C．They are husband and wife.
D．They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.
第6题
The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.
The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.
For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.
Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%, or two and a half days.
Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject them.
John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a "protective barrier" against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.
Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people？
A．Friendship.
B．Happiness.
C．Depression.
D．Smoking.
第7题
根据下面资料，回答题
Sell， Sell， Sell
Last year over ε 13bn was spent on advertising in the UK and research indicates that most people will have seen 2m sales messages by the time they are 30. Advertising is big business and often acts as the interface between commerce and culture. While there are many adverts that just irritate， there are some that are miniature works of art. （0）.. G... The advertisers themselves believe they are delivering an important message because they are protecting and promoting a client"s brand and extending greater choice to the consumer. （8）Instead of being free， many TV channels would only be available on subscription packages of about ε 500 per month and newspapers might cost six times more than their present cover pdce.There are many different models of advertising practice， but no one is precisely sure what makes a good advert. （9） While some try to get you to buy a product， others， such as anti- smoking campaigns， aim to get you not to do something. Some adverts are not aimed at consumers at all， but at retailers， shareholders or employees. For example， manufacturers
often advertise their products in trade magazines to reassure retailers that a new brand will be widely promoted. Petrol companies often choose to emphasize how environmentally friendly they are; this is to offset any negative public perceptions of the industry rather than to persuade consumers to buy an individual brand of petrol. （10） This is because petrol is regarded， in advertising terms， as a distress purchase. We get it because we can"t do without it， not because we really want it. In general， however， the main aim of advertising is to attribute emotional qualities to a product in order to create an individual brand that the consumer can associate with.
Working out whether an advert has been successful is extremely difficult. （11） For example， what persuaded them to buy a car？ You cannot be sure whether it was the advertising， the price， the opposition"s distribution， changes in the law or changes in consumer attitudes that was the determining factor. What advertising can"t do is make consumers buy something they don"t want. It can perhaps persuade you to try something once， but if you don"t like what you get， you won"t try it again， （12） In other words， where there is no emotional engagement， such as a consumer"s feelings about a bag of peas， beliefs are much harder to shift.
A．Moreover， it is almost impossible to get people to change the way they view things they are indifferent to.
B．Over the last ten years， other forms of advertising， such as direct marketing， have become increasingly popular as well as scientific.
C．They don"t， as the industry well knows， care enough to be brand loyal to such a product.
D．Whether you accept this argument or not， you have to recognize that without advertising our world would be very different.
E．The problem lies in isolating precisely what motivates people to behave in a particular way.
F．This is partly because not all advertisements are designed to do the same thing.
G．The production costs involved in these can reach higher figures than those for the average movie.
（8）应选
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第8题
(47)The great white grows to between 5 and 8 meters long and can weigh more than 1300 kilograms. It can swim through the eater at speeds reaching 32 kilometers per hour. However, one of the fastest swimmers in the shark family is the blue shark, which can swim at a speed of nearly 752 kilometers per hour.
(48)They can grow as long as 5 centimeters, and they are very sharp. Unlike humans, who have two sets of teeth in their life time, some sharks can have as many as 5 or 6 sets. It is rare for a shark to have fewer than 4 sets. It is rare for a shark to have fewer than 4 sets. As the shark's teeth are worn out, they fall out and are replaced by the next row.
(49)In a lifetime some sharks can grow and lose between 10,000 and 30,000 teeth.
Sea biologists have discovered that the shark has a remarkably large brain and a well-developed sensory system. The animal has an extraordinary sense of smell and excellent vision.
(50)Special sensory pits on the shark's nose and chin can detect weak electrical fields in the water that are produced by fish and other animals. Scientists have concluded that sharks associate food with electrical fields. Scientists also believe that sharks create their own electrical fields to aim them in knowing where to go in the sea.
A. Must of the species are not particularly cruel.
B. Sharks have lived on earth for more than 180 million years.
C. The great white is the largest and cruelest of all animals known to attack humans.
D. Some sharks can wear out a full set of teeth in less than 6 months.
E. One of the most unusual aspects of the shark is its teeth.
F. But sharks are also sensitive to electrical fields.
第9题
Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.
The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.
It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares(公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts(妨碍生长)plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics， mangroves(红树林) that create swamps(沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean， a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop， allowing sea water to seep(渗透)in. in Latin America， irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated(蒸发) by the heat， leaving salt deposits behind.
Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.
To overcome these problems， Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little slat and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants‘ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop， but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.
Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known， Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again， providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.
第11题：Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true？
A．They are students at Sussex University.
B．They are rice breeders.
C．They are husband and wife.
D．They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.
