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[主观题]

Farmers can improve agricultural production by using more and more expensive fertilizers t

o make the degraded land get enough nutrients.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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发布时间：2020-08-05

更多“Farmers can improve agricultural production by using more and more expensive fertilizers t”相关的问题

第1题

Farmers in the developing world would hate price fluctuations. It makes them hard to plan

ahead. But most of them have little 【M1】______ choice: they sell at the price the market sets. Farmers in Europe, the US and Japan are luckier: they receive massive government subsidies in the form. of guaranteeing prices or direct handout. 【M2】______ Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts up to 【M3】______ 50% of GDP, compared to only 3% in rich countries. But most farmers in poor countries grow just enough for themselves and their families. These who try exporting to the West find their goods 【M4】______ whacked with huge tariffs or competed against cheaper subsidized 【M5】______ goods. Agriculture is one of the few areas in which the Third World can compete with. Land and labor are cheap, and as farming 【M6】______ methods develop, new technologies should improve output. This is a 【M7】______ pie-in-the-sky speculation. The biggest success in Kenyas economy over the past decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and vegetables to Europe. Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges trade liberalization only so it can wangle their way into new markets. 【M8】______ And now Kenya is considered to be slightly over rich to qualify for 【M9】______ the least-developed country status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products. With trade barriers in the place, the horticulture industry in【M10】______ Kenya may shrivel as quickly as a discarded rose.

【M1】

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第2题

听力原文：Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. Farmers plant these bar

听力原文： Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. Farmers plant these barriers around their fields to protect their land.

Windbreaks stop the wind from blowing soil away (33) . They also keep the wind from destroying or damaging crops. They are very important for protecting grain crops.

There have been studies done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa, for example. These found that grain harvests can be twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without such protection (33) .

But windbreaks seem to work best when they allow some winds to pass through them (341. If the wall of trees and plants blocks the wind completely, then violent air motions will take place close to the ground. These motions will lift soil into the air where it will be blown away.

There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. one line should be large treas. The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are best for windbreaks.

If the quality of the land is not very good, studies have shown that one kind of tree that can grow well is the white pine (35) .

Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used to provide wood (33) .

(34)

A．They can prevent soil from being blown away.

B．They can improve the yield of crops.

C．They can provide wood when cut down.

D．They can protect crops from the strong sunshine.

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第3题

Given that 8 percent of food crops grows faster on farms using groundwater than the aquife

Given that 8 percent of food crops grows faster on farms using groundwater

than the aquifers are replenished, and many large rivers are so heavily diverted

that they do not reach the sea for much of the year, researchers believe

freshwater sources--underground aquifers and rivers--are stressed. Better

(5) management of soil and water and creative cropping patterns can boost

production from rainfall-watered cropland, but the heaviest burden will fall on

irrigated land. At present, most farmers irrigate their crops by channeling

water down their fields in parallel furrows.

One alternative, drip systems, enables farmers to deliver water directly to

(10) the plants' roots drop by drop, nearly eliminating waste by distributing water at

low pressure through a network of perforated plastic tubing installed on or

below the surface of the soil, where it then emerges through small holes at a

slow but steady pace. Because the plants enjoy an ideal moisture environment,

drip irrigation usually offers the added bonus of higher crop yields. Another

(15) alternative, sprinklers, can perform. almost as well as drip methods when

designed properly, but traditional high-pressure irrigation sprinklers spray

water high into the air to cover as large a land area as possible, and the more

time the water spends in the air, the more of it evaporates before use.

Despite the payoffs, the higher costs of these technologies relative to

(20) simple flooding methods have been a barrier to their spread, and so has the

prevalence of national water policies that discourage rather than foster efficient

water use. Many governments have set very low prices for publicly supplied

irrigation, leaving farmers with little motivation to invest in ways to conserve

water or to improve efficiency and most authorities have also failed to regulate

(25) groundwater pumping, even in regions where aquifers are over-tapped.

Therefore, farmers might be inclined to conserve their own water supplies if

they could profit from selling the surplus, but this practice is often discouraged.

Efforts aside from irrigation technologies are also conducive to the

reduction of agricultural demand for water; for instance, measurements of

(30) climate factors such as temperature and precipitation can be fed into a computer

that calculates how much water a typical plant is consuming, and farmers can

use this figure to determine, quite accurately, when and how much to irrigate

their particular crops throughout the growing season. But the most effective, if

unlikely way, to do more with less water is to reconfigure our diets, especially

(35) the typical North American diet, which, with its large share of animal products,

requires twice as much water as diets common in many Asian and some

European countries. Eating lower on the food chain could allow the same

volume of water to feed two Americans instead of one, and despite the resultant

loss of nutrition, this may be the only recourse for countries serious about

(40) reducing their aquifer strain.

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A．expose the fragile ecological conditions which modern irrigation technologies must ameliorate

B．argue that new irrigation technologies would ultimately be less efficient than a reconfiguration of the North American diet

C．argue that efficient water-use is dependent upon a mixture of various modern methods

D．provide an overall view of possible methods for lessening the strain on sources of freshwater

E．describe the cycle by which aquifers are depleted and then replenished through technology

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第4题

Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ______.A．the de

Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ______.

A．the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce

B．growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops

C．the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture

D．full support from agricultural experts

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第5题

Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ______ .A．the d

Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ______ .

A．the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce

B．growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops

C．the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture

D．full support from agricultural experts

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第6题

According to the professor, what did the Soil Erosion Act do to improve soil conservation？

Choose 2 answers.

A．It provided special equipment for farmers.

B．It encouraged farmers to use better farming techniques.

C．It turned damaged farmland into permanent grassland.

D．It increased the variety of crops grown on each farm.

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第7题

听力原文： One of the biggest problems in developing countries is hunger. An organization c

alled Heifer International is working to improve the situation. The organization sends farm animals to families and communities around the world. An American farmer, Dan West, developed the idea for Heifer International in the 1930s. Mr. West was working in Spain where he discovered a need for cows. Many families were starving because of the civil war in that country. So Mr. West asked his friends in the United States to send some cows. The first Heifer animals were sent in 1944. Since that time, more than 4,000,000 people in 115 countries have had better lives because of Heifer animals. To receive a Heifer animal, families must first explain their needs and goals. They must also make a plan which will allow them to become self-supporting. Local experts usually provide training. The organization says that animals must have food, water, shelter, health care and the ability to reproduce. Without them, the animals will not remain healthy and productive. Heifer International also believes that families must pass on some of their success to others in need. This belief guarantees that each person who takes part in the program also becomes a giver. Every family that receives a Heifer animal must agree to give that animal's first female baby to other people in need. Families must also agree to pass on the skills and training they received from Heifer International. This concept helps communities become self-supporting.

What information about Mr. West can we get from the passage？

A．He was Spanish.

B．He sold animals to farmers all around the world.

C．He started the organization Heifer International.

D．He was an expert on animals.

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第8题

Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by ______.A．resorting to spot-spraying

Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by ______.

A．resorting to spot-spraying

B．consulting infra-red scanning experts

C．transforming poisoned rain