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[主观题]

Metal,iron in particular,is known to be an important material in building．A．大家知道，金属，

Metal,iron in particular,is known to be an important material in building．

A．大家知道，金属，特别是铁，已知在建筑上是一种重要材料。

B．大家知道，金属，特别是铁，是建筑方面的重要材料。

C．金属，铁很特殊，是重要建筑方面的材料。

D．金属，尤其是铁，它是建筑中的重要材料，这是众所周知的。

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发布时间：2020-07-08

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第1题

Metal, iron in particular, is known to be an important material in building．A．大家知道，金

Metal, iron in particular, is known to be an important material in building．

A．大家知道，金属，特别是铁，已知在建筑上是一种重要材料。

B．大家知道，金属，特别是铁，是建筑方面的重要材料。

C．金属，铁很特殊，是重要建筑方面的材料。

D．金属，尤其是铁，它是建筑中的重要材料，这是众所周知的。

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第2题

The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rai

ls were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870's, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring, and reheating iron ore.

Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle (易碎的). As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted, to steel. The Bessemer Converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a mater of minutes.

Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors, discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120-mile-long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.

Barges and steamers carded the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots (车站) on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed, Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel-manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.

Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy-seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.

According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ______.

A．cheaper and more plentiful

B．lighter, and easier to mold

C．cleaner, and easier to mine

D．stronger and more durable

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第3题

China's Mineral DepositsChina's vast territory and complicated geological formations creat

China's Mineral Deposits

China's vast territory and complicated geological formations create favorable conditions for mineralization. Rich mineral deposits are found on the plains and in the mountains.

Reserves of over 50 metals and nearly 80 non-metals have been discovered, in addition to rich fuel-bearing deposits. These include rich deposits of nonferrous metal, rare-earth metal, coal and certain non-metals. The proved reserves of a number of minerals are among the richest in the world, including rare earth, coal, iron, copper, tin, lead, zinc and aluminum. The prospects for petroleum and natural gas are also bright. The abundance of minerals provides a solid material basis for the country's modernization.

Nevertheless, there are also some inadequacies. Most of the minerals are unevenly distributed and the prospects of some reserves are not clear. Insufficient reserves have been proved for some minerals: others, such as iron and copper, do not usually occur in rich veins.

The reserves of quite a number of minerals are among the largest in the world, but the per capital amount is smaller than that in many other countries.

Although China has conducted a great many preliminary surveys, the work has to be in tensified in the eastern part of the country, and it has hardly begun in many places in the west. Prospecting and exploitation are still rather backward. China has only just opened the door to its underground treasure house, where the mysteries have by no means been uncovered. With the progress in geological research and exploration, more and better minerals will be found.

Which minerals have been proved to be insufficient？

A．Lead and aluminium.

B．Rare-earth metal and coal.

C．Zinc and tin.

D．Not indicated directly.

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第4题

Men seem to have always take an interest in meteorites （陨星), but【C1】______the early nine

Men seem to have always take an interest in meteorites (陨星), but【C1】______the early nineteenth century【C2】______these objects considered worth【C3】______for scientific study.

In the beginning, people believed【C4】______meteorites fell from the heavens, they were other gods themselves or【C5】______from the gods. Thus the more civilized of early men carefully kept the meteorites,【C6】______ them in costly linens and anointing them with oil.【C7】______many instances, the people【C8】______special temples【C9】______the meteorites were【C10】______. Meteorite worship was common long ago in the Mediterranean area, and in Africa, India, Japan, and Mexico; 【C11】______worship still persists in some regions.

Although many people held meteorites in reverence, 【C12】______if they were seen to fall, other practicalminded individuals made good use of the【C13】______and easily-worked alloy【C14】______by nature in the nickel-iron meteorites. They frequently used this metal【C15】______tools, and often pots and other utensils. Throughout history, meteoritic iron【C16】______manufacture of special swords daggers, and knives for members of royalty. Attila and other early conquerors of Europe boasted.【C17】______ "swords from heaven".【C18】______the end of the nineteenth century, several swords were made【C19】______a Japanese iron meteorite【C20】______the command of the Japanese court.

【C1】

A．not until

B．until

C．since then

D．since

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第5题

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities of money 2,000 ye

ars ago. It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use .A traveler there might starve if he had none of the particular ‘ local money ’.

Among isolated peoples ,who are not often reached by traders from outside ,commerce usually means barter ,which is a direct exchange of goods .Perhaps it is fish for vegetables or meat for baskets .For this kind of simple trading, money is not needed ,but there is often something that everyone wants ,such as salt to flavor food, shells for necklaces ,or iron and copper to make into tools. These things — salt ,shells or metals — are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.

Salt may seem rather a strange material to use as money ,but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetables ,it is often an absolute necessity .Cakes of salt ,stamped to show their value ,were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and they can still buy goods in parts of Africa.

Cowrie seashells have been used as money at some time or another over the greater part of the Old World. These were collected mainly from the beaches of the Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean ,and were traded to India and China. In Africa ,cowries were traded right across the continent from East to West .Four or five thousand went for one Maria Theresa dollar ,an Australian silver coin which was once accepted as currency (货币) in many parts of Africa.

Metal was used as money in many parts of the world .Iron ,in lumps ,bars or rings is still used in many countries instead of money .It can either be exchanged for goods ,or made into tools or weapons. The early money of China ,apart from shells ,was of bronze ,often in flat ,round pieces with a hole in the middle ,called ‘ cash ’.The earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old — older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.

Nowadays ,coins and notes have supplanted nearly all the more picturesque forms of money ,and although in one or two of the more remote countries people still store it for future use ,primitive money will soon be found only in museums.

1.Nowadays we think of money as() .

A.pieces of metal or metallic paper

B.made of either metal or paper

C.some printed notes and papers

D.round and flat sheets of paper

2.In some parts of the world a traveler might go hungry() .

A.even if his money was of the local kind

B.even if he had no coins or notes

C.if he did not know the local rate of exchange

D.even if he had plenty of ready money

3.What can we infer from the passage？

A.Isolated peoples exchange goods by means of barter.

B.Salt cakes are taking the place of picturesque forms.

C.Seashells could be traded with Maria Theresa dollars.

D.The Chinese were among the earliest users of metal ‘ cash ’.

4.Primitive types of money will be used ().

A.to replace more picturesque forms

B.as exhibits to be shown in public

C.at local country markets and shops

D.as entrance tickets in museums

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第6题

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four brief qualities of money some 2 000 y

ears ago. It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat piece of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular local "money" to exchange for food. Among isolated peoples, who are not often reached by traders from outside, commerce usually means barter. There is direct exchange of goods. Perhaps it is fish for vegetables, or meat for grain. For this kind of simple trading money is not needed, but there is often something that everyone wants and everybody can use, such as salt to flavor food, shells for ornament, or iron and copper to make tools and vessels. These things—salt, shells or metals—are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today. Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money, but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa. Sea shells have been used as money at some time or another over the greater part of the Old World. Metal, valued by weight, preceded coins in many parts of the world. Nowadays, coins and notes have replaced nearly all of the picturesque (独特的) form. of money, and although in one or two of the remote countries people still store it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals, examples of primitive money will soon be found in museums.

The following are qualities of money summed up by Aristotle EXCEPT______.

A．distinct

B．divisible

C．portable

D．precious

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第7题

The______goalofthebookistohelpbridgethegapbetweenresearchandteaching,particularlythegapbe

The ______ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly the gap between researchers and teachers.

A.joint

B.intensive

C.overall

D.decisive

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第8题

Which of the following statement is incorrect？A．Language is a means of expressing a partic

Which of the following statement is incorrect？

A．Language is a means of expressing a particular culture.

B．All languages can well express their respective cultures.

C．Some primitive languages can also express their cultures.

D．Some primitive languages are better than other languages.

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第9题

By 1800 more than a thousand steam engines were in use in the British Isles, and Britain r

etained a virtual monopoly on steam engine production until the 1830s. Steam power did not merely spin cotton and roll iron; early in the new century, it also multiplied ten times over the amount of paper that a single worker could produce in a day. At the same time, operators of the first printing presses run by steam rather than by hand found it possible to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty. Steam also promised to eliminate a transportation problem not fully solved by either canal boats or turnpikes. Boats could carry heavy weights, but canals could not cross hilly terrain; turnpikes could cross the hills, but the roadbeds could not stand up under great weights. These problems needed still another solution, and the ingredients for it lay close at hand. In some industrial regions, heavily laden wagons, with flanged wheels, were being hauled by horses along metal rails; and the stationary steam engine was puffing in the factory and mine. Another generation passed before inventors succeeded in combining these ingredients, by putting the engine on wheels and the wheels on the rails, so as to provide a machine to take the place of the horse. Thus the railroad age sprang from what had already happened in the eighteenth century.

The word "retained" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A．gained

B．established

C．profited from

D．maintained

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第10题

I have several plans in my mind, but one______seems good and feasible.A．in partB．in partic

I have several plans in my mind, but one______seems good and feasible.

A．in part

B．in particular

C．in brief