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Studies Show U. S. Spending Doesn't Get Best HealthThe United States may spend twice as mu

Studies Show U. S. Spending Doesn't Get Best Health

The United States may spend twice as much on health care as other rich countries but it is not getting results to match, according to studies released on Tuesday.

But in the study of five wealthy countries, published in the journal Health Affairs, researchers found no single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system.

Gerard Anderson at Johns Hopkins University's school of public health and colleagues came up with a list of 21 health fields they could evenly compare across the five countries--Australia, Canada, Britain, New Zealand and the United States.

"None of the five countries is consistently the best or the worst on all 21 indicators. " Anderson said during a telephone briefing for reporters.

"If you are looking for the place to get the best care. there isn't a single place. Every country has at least one indicator where it scores the best of the five countries and each country has at least one indicator(指标) where it scores the worst of the five countries. "

But, he said, the United States is not getting value for money. "The United States should be particularly concerned about these results, given that we spend twice as much on health care as any other country. So spending more doesn't necessarily result in better outcomes. "

Anderson's group of international health experts sponsored by The Commonwealth (联邦)Fund spent five years working on the study, getting the latest possible data from the five countries on areas such as breast cancer and leukemia (白血病) survival, suicide rates, death rates from asthma (哮喘 ), vaccination (种痘) rates and cancer screening.

The U. S. spends twice as much on health care as other rich countries.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

答案

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发布时间：2020-11-11

更多“Studies Show U. S. Spending Doesn't Get Best HealthThe United States may spend twice as mu”相关的问题

第1题

October 3rd, 2009 Dear Sir,In your editorial on August 31st, there seems to be some confus

October 3rd, 2009

Dear Sir,

In your editorial on August 31st, there seems to be some confused thinking in attempting to establish a direct relationship between the desire of the OAA airlines to negotiate more equitable agreements with the United States for air-traffic rights and the cost of air travel for the public.

It is simply untrue that the Asian carriers are not looking for increased access to the U.S. market, including its domestic market; they are, as part of balanced agreements that provide equality of opportunity. So long as the U.S. takes the inequitable arrangements enshrined in current agreements as a starting point for negotiation, however, there is no chance that U. S. carriers will be granted more regional rights which further unbalance the economic opportunities available to each side. Most importantly from the consumer's viewpoint, it has yet to be demonstrated that in those regional sectors where U. S. carriers currently operate—such as Hong Kong and Tokyo—they have added anything in terms of price, quality of service, innovation or seat availability in peak seasons.

Turning to cost, I am not sure to which Merrill Larrych study you are referring, but it would be simplistic to compare seat-mile costs of narrow-body operation over U. S. domestic sectors with wide-body operation over international sectors; comparative studies of seat-mile costs are valid only if they compare similar aircraft operating over identical sectors. On this basis, International Civil Aviation Organization figures show that Asian carriers are highly competitive. Of course, given its operating environment Japan Air Lines will have high seat-mile costs, while a carrier based in Southeast Asia, such as Singapore Airlines, will have relatively low costs. But it is a fallacy to assume this means "higher ticket prices or higher taxes" for the "hapless Asian air traveller" if he travels on JAL.

The Japanese carriers have to compete in the Asian market place with others, and costs cannot simply be passed on to the consumer or taxpayer. The people who really pay the price or reap the reward of differing cost levels are the share holders.

RICHARD. T. STIRLAND

Director General

Orient Airlines Association

What is the main purpose of writing this letter？

A．Retorting the viewpoint from a editorial on August 31 st

B．Analyzing the feasibility of negotiating more equitable agreements with USA

C．Comparing the Asian market and US market for OAA

D．Discussing the relationship between ticket price and tax

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第2题

U.S. Eats Too Much Salt People in the United States consume more than twice the recommende

U.S. Eats Too Much Salt

People in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday.

They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg per day, yet most consume closer to 3,500 mg per day.

"It's important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium (钠) and rich in potassium (钾) and calcium (钙) can improve their blood pressure," Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said in a statement.

"People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake (摄入量) ," Labarthe said.

The study in the CDC's weekly report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than 1,500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40 -- which are considered high-risk groups.

Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 2005-2006 CDC estimate.

Most of the sodium eaten comes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services Department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply.

Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said.

Eating too much salt raises a person's risk for______.

A．strokes.

B．heart attacks.

C．high blood pressure.

D．all of the above.

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第3题

Paul Smith's CollegeThe-College of NatureExperience a different kind of classroom: 14,

Paul Smith's College

The-College of Nature

Experience a different kind of classroom: 14, 200 acres of forests, lakes and streams a hotel and a restaurant,99% placement upon graduation. Two-and-four-year degree pro- grams.

PO. Box 265

Paul Smiths, NY 12970

1 -800 -421 -2605

www. paulsmiths, edu

(2)

SIMMONS

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES AND MODERN STUDIES

Simmons educates women to achieve their work and life gods. More than 40 majors. Lie in the heart of Boston. U. S. News & World Report ranks Simmons among the top state universities in the North and among the best values.

617 -521 -2051

www. simmons, edu

(3)

ST. MARY'S UNIVERSITY

Personal Attention

Powerul Programs

Experience the technology of today at our co-educational university

One Camino Santa Maria

Utah 78228 - 8503

800 - FOR - STMU

www. stmarytx, edu

(4)

Northern University

A famous private university with 3, 200 students in the Colleges of Arts & Sciences. Business and Engineering. Medicine and Law Among the top ten by U. S. News and World Report

Old Union 232

CA 94305 - 3005

650 - 723 - 2091

&n

A．Simmons.

B．ST. Mary's.

C．Paul Smith's.

D．Northern.

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第4题

Human intelligence and the IQ scales used to measure it once again are becoming the focus

of fiery debate.

As argument rages over declining test scores in the nation's schools, an old but explosive issue is reappearing; What is intelligence — and is it determined largely by genetics？

The controversy erupted more than a decade ago when some U. S. scholars saw a racial pattern in the differing scores of students taking intelligence and college-entrance tests.

Now, the racial issue is being joined by others. Teachers, psychologists, scientists and lawyers argue over the question of whether IQ — intelligence quotient — tests actually measure mental ability, or if findings are skewed by such factors as family background, poverty and emotional disorders.

Moreover, some authorities assert that the rise in the number of college-educated Americans and their tendency to marry among themselves are creating a class of supersmart children of brainy parents — and, on the other side of the scale, a lumpenproletariat of children reflecting the supposedly inferior brainpower of their parents. Critics such as Harvard University biologist Richard C. Lewontin disagree. If mental ability were largely determined by inheritance, he says, efforts to enhance intelligence through the betterment of both home and child-rearing environments could only be marginally effective. He comments :

" Genetic determinism could be used to justify existing social injustice as predetermined and inevitable and would render efforts made toward equalitarian goals as useless. "

Supporting Lewontin in this is J. McVicker Hunt, a professor at the University of Illinois, who maintains that IQ levels can be raised significantly by exposing children at an early age to stimulating environments. Hunt's studies show that early help in such areas as education and nutrition can raise a child's IQ by an average of 30 to 35 points.

At stake in the uproar over IQ is the national commitment to improve the capabilities of the poor by investing billions of dollars annually in educational, medical and job programs.

The controversy over IQ tests is reappearing because of

A．the newly found racial pattern underlying students' performance.

B．the worsening students' performance in their studies.

C．the long-standing division in the definition of intelligence.

D．the dubious IQ scales used to measure intelligence.

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第5题

Narcoticy Addiction（麻醉品依赖)Heroin （NIACIN) addiction today is found chiefly among youn

Narcoticy Addiction(麻醉品依赖)

Heroin (NIACIN) addiction today is found chiefly among young people in ghetto areas(贫民区)． Of the more than． 60 000 known addicts, more than,half live in New York State． Most of these live in New York City． Recent figures show that more than half of the addicts are less than 30 years of age．

Narcotic(麻醉剂)addiction in the United States is not limited to heroin users． Some middle-aged and older persons who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted． So do some people who can get drugs easily, such as doctors．, nurses and druggists． Studies show that this type of addict has personality and emotional problems very similar to those of other regular narcotic users．

Many addicts admit that getting a continued supply is the main objective of their lives． His concentration on getting drugs often prevents the addict from continuing his education or his job． His health is often poor． He may be sick one day from effects of withdrawal(撤退，这里指不吸毒)and sick the next from an overdose(吸毒过量)． Statistics show that his life span(寿命)may be shorted by 15 to 20 years． He is usually in trouble with his family and almost always in trouble with the law．

Some studies suggest that many of the known narcotic addicts had some trouble with the law before they became addicted． Once addicted, they may even become more involved with crime because it costs so much to support the heroin habit．

Most authorities agree that the addict's involvement with crime is not a direct effect of the drug itself． Turning to crime is usually the only way he has of getting that much money． His crimes are always thefts or other crimes against property．

Federal penalties for illegal usage of narcotics were established under the Harrison Act(哈里森法案令 ) of 1914． The Act provides(规定) that illegal possession of narcotics is punished by fines and/or imprisonment． Sentences can range from 2 to 10 years for further offences．

Illegal sale of narcotics can mean a fine of $ 20 000 and a sentence from 20 to 40 years for later offences． A person who sells narcotics to someone under 18 is refused parole(假释) and probation(假释和缓刑), even for the first offences． If the drug is heroin, he can be sentenced to life imprisonment or to death．

第 41 题 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the first paragraph？

A．The biggest state for addicts in the U． S．

B．The age group of drug addicts．

C．The place where most drug addicts live．

D．The cause of drug abuse．

点击查看答案

第6题

To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of hig

her education from the mid-1860s to the mid-1880s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed.

Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive "Young Yale" movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the college's poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.

The old-style. classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasure of Harvard, led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the first years of Dr. Eliot's administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872 - 1873 and 1876 ~ 1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study after another was opened up: science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philology, and international law.

Which of the following is the author's main purpose in writing the passage？

A．To present the history of Harvard College and compare it with that of Yale University.

B．To criticize the conditions of the U. S. universities in the 19th century.

C．To describe innovations in the U. S. higher education in the late 180Os.

D．To introduce what was happening in major U. S. universities before the turn of the century.

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第7题

New figures from France, Germany and Italy -- the three biggest economies in the 12-countr

y Eurozone- suggest the continent's economic woes may have been exaggerated. In France, evidence emerged that consumer spending remained solid in July and August, rising 1.4% and 0.6% respectively. Forecasters had generally expected the July figure to show a 0.1% slippage, with August unchanged. But the figures were flattered slightly by a down grade to the June figure, to 0.7% from 1.5%.

With manufacturing in the doldrums across Europe and the U. S. , consumer spending has been increasingly seen as the best hope of stopping the global economic slowdown from turning into a recession. The French government said the news proved that the economy was holding up to the strain of the slowdown.

Meanwhile in Germany, new regional price figures went someway towards calming fears about inflation in Europe's largest economy -- a key reason for the European Central Bank's reluctance to cut interest rates 15 states said consumer prices were broadly stable, with inflation falling year on year. The information backed economists' expectations that inflation for the country as a whole is set to fall back to a yearly rate of 2.1%, compared to a yearly rate of 2.6% in August, closing in on the Euro-wide target of 2%. The drop is partly due to last year's spike in oil prices dropping out of the year-on-year calculation.

The icing on the cake was news that Italy's job market has remained buoyant. The country's July unemployment rate dropped to 9.4% from 9.6% the month before, its lowest level in more than eight years. And a business confidence survey from quasi-governmental research group ISAE told of a general pick-up in demand in the six weeks to early September. But the news was tempered by an announcement by Alitalia, the country's biggest airline, that it will have to get rid of 2,500 staff to cope with the expected contraction as well as selling 12 aeroplanes. And industrial group Confindustria warned that the attacks on U. S. targets meant growth will be about 1.9% this year, well short of the government's 2.4% target. And it said the budget deficit will probably be about 1.5%, nearly twice the 0.8% Italy's government has promised its European Union partners.

We know from the first paragraph that ______.

A．new figures from the three European countries show the prediction of forecasters is exactly right

B．European economy gets on better than forecasters have predicted

C．all of the forecasters expect the fully figure to show a reduction

D．in three European countries the consumer spending continues to rise

点击查看答案

第8题

The author cites all the following EXCEPT that ______ to show that newspapers are not kill

ed.

A．newspapers have the most to lose from the Internet

B．the web has hastened the decline of the circulation

C．newspapers won't die out in the U. S. until 2043

D．ever more young people are getting their news online

点击查看答案

第9题

Text 3Human intelligence and the IQ scales used to measure it once again are becoming the

Text 3

Human intelligence and the IQ scales used to measure it once again are becoming the focus of fiery debate.

As argument rages over declining test scores in the nation's schools ,an old but explosive issue is reappearing ;What is intelligence - and is it determined largely by genetics？

The controversy erupted more than a decade ago when some U. S. scholars saw a racial pattern

in the differing scores of students taking intelligence and college-entrance tests.

Now ,the racial issue is being joined by others. Teachers ,psychologists, scientists and lawyers argue over the question of whether IQ一 intelligence quotient - tests actually measure mental abili-ty ,or if findings are skewed by such factors as family background ,poverty and emotional disorders.

Moreover ,some authorities assert that the rise in the number of college-educated Americans and their tendency to marry among themselves are creating a class of supersmart children of brainy parents – and ,on the other side of the scale ,a lumpenproletariat of children reflecting the suppos-edly inferior brainpower of their parents.

Critics such as Harvard University biologist Richard C. Lewontin disagree. If mental ability were largely determined by inheritance,he says,efforts to enhance intelligence through the better-ment of both home and child-rearing environments could only be marginally effective. He com- ments :

" Genetic determinism could be used to justify existing social injustice as predetermined and in-evitable and would render efforts made toward equalitarian goals as useless. "

Supporting Lewontin in this is J. McVicker Hunt,a professor at the University of Illinois,who maintains that IQ levels can be raised significantly by exposing children at an early age to stimula- ting environments. Hunt's studies show that early help in such areas as education and nutrition can raise a child's IQ by an average of 30 t0 35 points.

At stake in the uproar over IQ is the national commitment to improve the capabilities of the poor by investing billions of dollars annually in educational ,medical and job programs.

51. The controversy over IQ tests is reappearing because of

[ A] the newly found racial pattern underlying students' performance.

[B] the worsening students' performance in their studies.

[ C] the long-standing division in the definition of intelligence.

[ D] the dubious IQ scales used to measure intelligence.

点击查看答案

第10题

The author cites all the following except that______to show that newspapers are not killed

.

A．newspapers have the most to lose from the Internet

B．the web has hastened the decline of the circulation

C．newspapers won't die out in the U. S. until 2043

D．ever more young people are getting their news online

点击查看答案

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