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The Treaty on European Union（武大2004研)

The Treaty on European Union(武大2004研)

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发布时间：2020-07-07

更多“The Treaty on European Union（武大2004研)”相关的问题

第1题

What marked the critical moment for the creation of the Euro？A．The United States of Europe

What marked the critical moment for the creation of the Euro？

A．The United States of Europe.

B．The European Coal and Steel Community.

C．The Treaty of Rome.

D．The Delors Report.

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第2题

The proportion of works cut for the cinema in Britain dropped from 40 percent when I joine

d the BBFC in 1975 to less than 4 percent when I left. But I don't think that 20 years from now it will be possible to regulate any medium as closely as I regulated film.

The Internet is, of course, the greatest problem for this century. The world will have to find a means, through some sort of international treaty of United Nations initiative, to control the material that's now going totally unregulated into people's homes. That said, it will only take one little country like Paraguay to refuse to sign a treaty for transmission to be unstoppable. Parental control is never going to be sufficient.

I'm still very worried about the impact of violent video games, even though researchers say their impact is moderated by the fact that players don't so much experience the game as enjoy the technical manoeuvres (策略) that enable you to win. But in respect of violence in mainstream films, I'm more optimistic. Quite suddenly, tastes have changed, and it's no longer Stallone or Schwarzenegger who are the top stars, but Leonardo DiCaprio—that has taken everybody by surprise.

Go through the most successful films in Europe and America now and you will find virtually none that we are violent. Quentin Tarantino didn't usher in a new, violent generation, and films are becoming much more prosocial than one would have expected.

Cinemagoing will undoubtedly survive. The new multiplexes are a glorious experience, offering perfect sound and picture and very comfortable seats, thins which had died out in the 1980s. I can't believe we've achieved that only to throw it away in favor of huddling around a 14-inch computer monitor to watch digitally-delivered movies at home.

It will become increasingly cheap to make films, with cameras becoming smaller and lighter but remaining very precise. That means greater chances for new talent to emerge, as it will be much easier for people to learn how to be better film-makers. People's working lives will be shorter in the future, and once retired they will spend a lot of time learning to do things that amuse them—like making videos. Fifty years on we could well be media saturated as producers as well as audience; instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week.

Which of the following about Internet is true according to the passage？

A．The Internet is the greatest progress for this century.

B．Efforts are needed to control Internet.

C．Paraguay refused to sign a treaty for transmission.

D．The United Nations has found ways to prevent Internet from developing.

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第3题

The name "United Nations", coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was fi

rst used in the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when representatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers.

States first established international organizations to cooperate on specific matters. The International Telecommunication Union was founded in 1865 as the International Telegraph Union, and the Universal Postal Union was established in 1874. Both are now United Nations specialized agencies. In 1899, the International Peace Conference was held in The Hague to elaborate instruments for settling crises peacefully, preventing wars and codifying rules of warfare. It adopted the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes and established the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which began work in 1902.

The forerunner of the United Nations was the League of Nations, an organization conceived in similar circumstances during the First World War, and established in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles "to promote international cooperation and to achieve peace and security". The International Labor Organization was also created under the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League. The League of Nations ceased its activities after failing to prevent the Second World War.

In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter. Those delegates deliberated on the basis of proposals worked out by the representatives of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at Dumbarton Oaks, United States in August--October 1944. The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries. Poland, which was not represented at the Conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51 Member States.

The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by a majority of other signatories. United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 October each year.

According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE about the United Nations？

A．It was aimed to reinforce the international cooperation on telecommunication.

B．Franklin D. Roosevelt, the late former President of United States, ordered to establish it.

C．It aimed to unite nations in Europe to fight together during the First World War.

D．It was officially formed at the end of the Second World War.

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第4题

Problems of InternetThe proportion of works cut for the cinema in Britain dropped from 40

Problems of Internet

The proportion of works cut for the cinema in Britain dropped from 40 per cent when I joined the BBFC in 1975 to less than 4 per cent when I left. But I don’t think that 20 years from now it will be possible to regulate any medium as closely as I regulated film.

The Internet is, of course, the greatest problem for this century. The world will have to find a means, through some sort of international treaty of United Nations initiative, to control the material that’s now going totally unregulated into people’s homes. That said, it will only take one little country like Paraguay to refuse to sign a treaty for transmission to be unstoppable. Parental control is never going to be sufficient.

I’m still very worried about the impact of violent video games, even though researchers say their impact is moderated by the fact that players don’t so much experience the game as enjoy the technical manoeuvres (策略)that enable you to win. But in respect of violence in mainstream films, I’m more optimistic. Quite suddenly, tastes have changed, and it’s no longer Stallone or Schwarzenegger who are the top stars, but Leonardo DiCaprio—that has taken everybody by surprise.

Go through the most successful films in Europe and America now and you will find virtually none that we are violent. Quentin Tarantino didn’t usher in a new, violent generation, and films are becoming much more prosocial than one would have expected.

Cinemagoing will undoubtedly survive. The new multiplexes are a glorious experience, offering perfect Sound and picture and very comfortable seats, thins which had died out in the 1980s. I can’t believe we’ve achieved that only to throw it away in favor of huddling around a 14-inch computer monitor to watch digitally delivered movies at home.

It will become increasingly cheap to make films, with cameras becoming smaller and lighter but remaining very precise. That means greater chances for new talent to emerge, as it will be much easier for people to learn how to be better film-makers. People’s working lives will be shorter in the future, and once retired they will spend a lot of time learning to do things that amuse them—like making videos. Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as producers as well as audience; instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week. =

Which of the following about Internet is true according to the passage？ ______

A．The Internet is the greatest progress for this century.

B．Efforts are needed to control Internet.

C．Paraguay refused to sign a treaty for transmission.

D．The United Nations has found ways to prevent Internet from developing.

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第5题

The Nuclear AgeThe Earth exploded into the nuclear age on 16 July 1945. On that day, the U

The Nuclear Age

The Earth exploded into the nuclear age on 16 July 1945. On that day, the US tested a completely new type of weapon in the New Mexico desert. Crafted from a tennis-ball-sized plutonium sphere (钚球), the bomb produced an explosion equivalent to 20,000 tons of TNT.

Sixty years on, tens of thousands of tonnes of plutonium and enriched uranium (浓缩铀) have been produced. The global nuclear arsenal (兵工厂) stands at about 27,000 bombs. Nine countries very proba-bly possess nuclear weapons,while 40 others have access to the materials and technology to make them.

But nuclear technology has also been used for peaceful means. The first nuclear reactor to provide electricity to a national grid opened in England in 1956. Now, 442 reactors in 32 nations produce 16% of the world's electricity.

Nuclear power has been championed as a source of cheap energy. But this was weakened at the end of the 20th century by reactor accidents, the problems of radioactive waste disposal, competition from more-efficient electricity sources and unavoidable links to nuclear weapons proliferation (核武器扩散). Nonetheless, growing evidence for global warming had led some to argue that nuclear power is the only way to generate power without emitting greenhouse gases.

Dropping the bomb

The Hiroshima (广岛) bomb was made of enriched uranium, compressed by detonating explosives to achieve a supercritical mass (超临界质量). The Nagasaki(长崎) bomb was made of plutonium.

Following 1945, the US developed massively destructive hydrogen bombs. Some are equivalent to many millions of tons of TNT, and yield vast amounts of energy through nuclear fusion. Nuclear weapons technology has been adapted for many military uses, such as intercontinental missiles, huge fission (裂变) weapons, mini-nukes (微型核弹), gamma ray weapons, nuclear landmines (地雷), and nuclear defence missiles.

By bombing Japan, the US started a worldwide arms race, and the Cold War with the Soviet Union. The Soviets developed and tested their own bomb in 1949. The United Kingdom achieved the feat in 1952, followed by France in 1960, China in 1964 and most recently India and Pakistan in 1998.

Israel is widely thought to possess nuclear weapons and North Korea declared in 2005 that it did too, though neither has conducted tests. Iraq and Libya (利比亚) have attempted to develop them in the past, and Iran has been accused of having a secret nuclear weapons programme.

Stopping the Spread

While up to nine nations have nuclear weapons, 187 others have promised not to manufacture them. Twenty countries such as Switzerland, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and South Africa once had programmes; but as signatories to the 1968 Treaty on the Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), later abandoned them.

The NPT aimed to limit the spread of atomic weapons and bound the five original nuclear weapons states to sharing nuclear technology and materials for peaceful means mainly through US and Russian disarmament, the treaty has achieved the decommissioning (退役) of 38,000 warheads (弹头) since 1986.

However, the treaty is under strain in 2005. Nuclear-armed states stand accused of failing to reduce their arsenals (兵工厂), and of considering new weapons, like mini-nukes. Iran reached an agreement with Europe to halt uranium enrichment activities, but may renege (食言)on that deal.

The 1996 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty is an attempt to limit test detonations and slow nuclear armament, but the US senate refused to approve of it in 1999.

Controlling the remains of the Soviet Union's vast and poorly protected nuclear arsenal is another great challenge.

The International Atomic Energy Agency is struggling to keep track of smuggling and the black market in nuclear materials and technology, and fears of te

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第6题

The transport of emigrants fromIreland across the Atlantic has a curious history. During

the eighteenthcentury emigration from Ireland was on a small scale; it is doubtful if thenumbers exceeded 5,000 in any one season. The emigrants came mainly fromUlster(厄，).They were Presbyterian()smallfarmers of Scottish descent(),and not paupers(贫);They took some capital and experience with them and their motive was to bettertheir lot().During this period emigration was not easy; all agreements had to be made bythe emigrant himself, who traveled to the port and bargained personally for hispassage with the captain of the ship in which he wished to sail. This practicewas changed as a result of the Napoleonic wars. Before 1807 almost all theimported timber(材)used in Great Britain came from northern Europe. But in that year the Treaty ofTilist()was signed between Napoleon and the emperor Alexander Russia; as a consequence,timber from northern Europe was suddenly cut off, and had to be imported insteadfrom the British provinces in North America. The trade proved immenselyprofitable, and after Waterloo heavy duties were placed on European timber, topreserve the market for British North America. By the eighteen-forties thetrade, which had barely existed thirty years previously, had grown to an annualimportation of over 925 loads of timber.

While the timber trade wasrapidly developing, economic conditions in Ireland became disastrous.Agriculture prices, inflated during the Napoleonic war, dropped heavily afterWaterloo, and Ireland became a country in which, with the exception ofnortheast Ulster, employment for wages virtually ceased to exist. Theextraordinary increase in population continued and standards of life becamealmost unbearably low.

46.In the eighteenth century people left Ireland because______.

A. they wanted to getricher

B. their skill in farmingwas in demand abroad

C. they were desperatelypoor

D. they were religiousrefugees

47. The writer saystraveling overseas was difficult for eighteenth century Irishmen because______.

A. the ships captainshad strong religious prejudices

B. there was no organizedroutine

C. passengers became thecaptains legal property

D. captains took most ofthe emigrants savings

48.The Napoleonic war led to ______.

A. Britain not beingallowed to import wood from northern Europe