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Archaeologists have discovered fossils of million-year-old animals in excavations.
A．remnants
B．graves
C．records
D．paws
答案
更多“Archaeologists have discovered fossils of million-year-old animals in excavations.A．remnan”相关的问题
第2题
Stonehenge
Stonehenge (英格兰南部的巨石阵 ), the mysterious ring of ancient monoliths (独块巨石) from the dawn of Britain's proud civilization, could be the work of a central Europeanimmigrant, archaeologists said not long ago in a shock statement(令人震惊的声明)． An early Bronze (青铜) Age (青铜时代) archer (射手), whose grave was discovered near the stone circle last year, may have helped build the monument．
1 or he might have been brought up in a region neighboring Switzerland(瑞士),such as southern Germany or western Austria．
The archer“would have been a very important person in the Stonehenge area,”said Andrew Fitzpatrick, Wessex Archaeology’s project manager．“It is fascinating to think that someone from abroad could have played an important part in the construction of Britain's most famous archaeological site“．
The 4,000-year-old man was identified as an archer because of the flint(燧石)arrowheads(箭头) found by his body, along with other artifacts(史前古器物)belonging to the Beaker Culture(青铜时代宽口陶器人文化) in the Alps(阿尔卑斯山 )during the Bronze Age． 2 Though it could be coincidence that the man lived close to Stonehenge at about the time the great stones were put in place, archaeologists suspect that he was involved in constructing the monument． The archer, dubbed(被称为)“The King of Stonehenge” bythe British press, lived around 2300 B．C．, about the time the great stone circle was formed in Amesbury, 120 kilometers southwest of London．
The splendid artifacts found in his grave indicated he was a man of wealth, leading archaeologists to speculate he was an important dignitary(高贵任务)involved in the monument's creation． Stonehenge was built about the time the rich Breaker Culture came to Britain． 3
4 He was strongly built but suffered an accident a few years before his death that severed(截断,切断)his left kneecap． Truman said the cause of death was not known, but it could have been a bone infection caused by his leg injury．
Archaeologists also found the grave of a younger man, aged 20 to 25, nearby．． 5 This indicated they were related and were possibly fabher and son． Tests on the younger man’ stooth enamel(珐琅)showed that he grew up in Britain． The archaeologists thus speculated the archer lived in Britain for many years and had a family, and was not just passing through．
A．And tests on the chemical components of his tooth enamel showed he grew up in the region that is now known as Switzerland．
B．He and the archer shared an unusual bone structure in their feet．
C．Stonehenge will remain mysterious for many centuries to come．
D．The artifacts found in his rich grave, discovered about 5 kilometers from Stonehenge, indicated he was obviously a very prominent man．
E． The archer was between 35 and 45 years old when he died．
F． And people of that time would have been able to communicate in early Celtictongue．
第 46 题 请选择（1）处的最佳答案．
第3题
Back in the 1930's and 1940's, when building restoration was popular, historical archaeology was primarily a tool of architectural reconstruction. The role of archaeologists was to find the foundations of historic buildings and then take a back seat to architects.
The mania for reconstruction had largely subsided by the 1950's and 1960's. Most people entering historical archaeology during this period came out of university anthropology departments where they had studied prehistoric cultures. They were, by training, social scientists, not historians, and their work tended to reflect this bias. The questions they framed and the techniques they used were designed to help them understand, as scientists, how people behaved. But because they were treading(踩,踏) on historical ground for which there was often extensive written documentation and because their own knowledge of these periods was usually limited, their contributions to American history remained circumscribed. Their reports, highly technical and sometimes poorly written, went unread.
More recently, professional archaeologists have taken over. These researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history, providing fresh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might nt otherwise be so well documented. This newer emphasis on archaeology as social history has shown great promise, and indeed work done in this area has led to a reinterpretation of the United States' past.
In Kingston, New York, for example, evidence has been uncovered that indicates that English goods were being smuggled into that city at a time when the Dutch supposedly controlled trading in the area. And in Sacramento an excavation at the site of a fashionable nineteenth-century hotel revealed that garbage had been stashed(存放) in the building' s basement despite sanitation laws to the contrary.
What is the main topic of the passage？
A．How the purpose and the methods of historical archaeology have changed.
B．How archaeology has been applied to studies of prehistoric cultures.
C．The attitude professional archaeologists hold toward historical archaeology.
D．The contributions social scientists make to historical archaeology.
第4题
听力原文： In the 1930s, archaeologists discovered spear points in the New Mexico town of Clovis, dated from around 13,000 years ago. The individuals who made them have since become known as the "Clovis people" and are believed by many to have been the first people to enter North America.
The "Clovis first" theory proposes that around 14,000 years ago people traveled across a land bridge that existed between Siberia and Alaska. Once in North America, their journey took them through a corridor that opened up between the ice sheets in Western Canada making them the first to be able to enter the interlor of the continent. It's an elegant and almost biblical explanation; but more recent fossil finds question the theory. Some researchers believe the first people entered North America much earlier—perhaps as long as 20,000-30,000 years ago.
In more recent years, the Pacific coast has been seen as an alternative route of entry-possibly at an earlier date than the Clovis. There is little direct evidence to support this, but fossil evidence from the islands of south-east Alaska tells us that this region, or part of it, was free of ice and may have been a refuge for animals throughout the ice age.
If animals such as bears and foxes lived here then why not people？ Fossilized human remains have been found on Alaska's Prince of Wales Island and much further south on the Channel Islands off California. These are thought to be as old as some of the Clovis .finds and it may only be a matter of time before older remains are discovered.
If people did travel down the coasts between islands, they must have used boats. Although the coastal route still lacks a lot of hard evidence, the relatively recent discovery of a stone tool off the coast of British Columbia has added support to the idea.
Why are "Clovis people" believed to first enter North America？
A．Some fossils have been discovered.
B．They were found to have lived in the area known as the refuge during the ice age.
C．Some spear points were discovered.
D．It is in accordance with the biblical explanation.
第5题
听力原文： The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids.
Some of the pyramids still look much as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings. The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape has made them less likely to fall into ruin. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last forever.
It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. Consequently, we are only able to guess the methods used. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.
(26)
A．The weather.
B．The corrosion of the river.
C．People in search of stone as building materials.
D．Bad planning.
第6题
Archaeological.
Archaeological study covers an extremely long span of time and a great variety of subjects. The earliest subjects of archaeolgical study date from the origins of humanity. These include fossil remains believed to be of human ancestors who lived 3.5 million to 4.5 million years ago. The earliest archaeological sites include those in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenye; and elsewhere in East Africa. These sites contain evidence of the first appearance of bipedal(upright-walking), apelike early humans.(46). Some sites also contain evidence of the earliest use of simple tools. Asia about 1.8 million years ago, then into Europe about 900,000 years ago.
The first physically modern humans, Homo sapiens, appeared in tropical Africa between 200,000and 150,000 years ago-dates determined by molecular biologists and archaeologists working together. Dozens of archaeological sites through tout Age (100,000 to 15,000 years ago).(47).
Archaeologists have documented that the development of agriculture took place about 10,000 years ago. Early domesticationis evident in such places as the ancient settlement in Jordan and in Mexico. Archaeology plays a major role in the study of early civilizations, such as those of the Sumerians of Mesopotamia, who built the city of Ur, and the ancient Egyptians, who are famous for the pyramids near the city of Gina and the royal sepulchers(tombs)of the Valley of the Kings at Thebes.(48).
Archaeological research spans the entire development of phenomena that are nuique to humans. For instance, archaeology tells the story of when people learned to bury their dead and developed beliefs in an afterlife. Sites containig signs of the first simple but purposeful hurials in graves date to as early as 40,000 years ago in Europe and Southwest Asia. By the time people lived in civilizations, burials and funeral ceremonies had become extremely important and elaborate rituals.(49). Few burials rival their lavish sepulchres. Being able to trace the development of such rituals over thousands of years has added to our understanding of the development of human intellect and spirit.
Archaeology also examines more recent historical periods. Some archaeologists work with historians to study American colonial life, for example. They have learned such diverse information as how the earliest colonial settlers in Jamestown, Virginia, traded glass beads for food with native Algonquian peoples; how the lives of slaves on plantations reflected their roots in Africa; and how the first major cities in the United States developed.(50). This garbage is the modern equivalent of the remains found in the archaeological record. In the future, archaeologists will continue to move into new realms of study.
[A] For example, the Mocha lords of Sip an in coastal Peru were buried in about ad 400 in fine cotton dress and with exquisite ornaments of bead, gold, and silver.
[B] By 40,000 yeas ago people could be found hunting and gathering food across most of the regions of Africa.
[C] Archaeological studies have also provided much information about the people who first arrived in the Americas over 12,000 years ago.
[D] They were simple plants that had not devloped sepa-appeared in the Silurian period. They were simple plants that had not developed separate stems and leaves.
[E] One site in Tanzania even reveals footprints of humans from 3.6 million years ago.
[F] One research project involves the study of garbage in present-day cities across the United States.
[G] Other sites that represent great human achievement are as varied as the cliff dwellings of the ancient Anasazi(a group of early Native Americans of North America)at Mesa Verde, Colorado; the Inca city of Machu Picchu high in the Andes Mountains of Peru; and the mysterious
第7题
W: Yes, it was fantastic. Now I know why it is listed together with the Nile river as one of the great natural wonders of the world. Here, want to see the picture I took？
M: Oh, what a view! It is even bigger than I had imagined. I remember reading about the Great Valley and I think it said that it was formed suddenly when an earthquake took place.
W: Well, not that quickly. Look, the river has been wearing the valley floor away for ten million years.
M: Then the valley is the result of soil changes. I'll bet geologists have made some interesting discoveries there.
W: Not only the geologists, archaeologists have also found the bones of extinct animals in caves in the valley walls, ha a cave one hundred and forty feet 'about the river, they found driftwood that dated back as far as thirty seven thousand years.
M: That means the river must have been a hundred and forty feet higher up when it carried the driftwood into the cave.
W: It's very possible, but of course who knows. The Great Valley is full of mysteries. Wouldn't you like to go to Arizona some day？
M: You bet I would.
(23)
A．To Colorado.
B．To Arizona.
C．To the Nile River.
D．To the Museum of Natural History.
第8题
Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2000 years ago.
But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgot ten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.
Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the hones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
(30)
A．They moved from one place to another.
B．They came from Indonesia.
C．They have left us information about their migrations.
D．They preserved their sagas and legends.
第9题
W: Yes, it was fantastic. Now I know why it is listed together with the Nile river as one of the great natural wonders of the world. Here, want to see the picture I took？
M: Oh what a view! It is even bigger than I had imagined. I remember reading about the Great Canyon and I think it said that it was formed suddenly when the earth crust split open during an earthquake.
W: Well, not that quickly. Look, here is the picture of th Colorado river. See way down at the bottom of the canyon, that river and its tributaries have been wearing the canyon floor away for ten million years.
M: Then the canyon is the result of soil erosion. I'll bet geologists have made some interesting discoveries there.
W: Not only the geologists, archaeologists have also found the bones of extinct animals in caves in the canyon walls. In a cave one hundred and forty feet above the river, they found drift wood that dated back as far as thirty-seven thousand years.
M: That means the river must have been a hundred and forty feet higher up when it carried the drift wood into the cave.
W: It's very possible, but of course who knows. The Great Canyon is full of mysteries. Wouldn't you like to go to Arizona some day？
M: You bet I would.
Where has the woman been？
A．To Colonado.
B．To Anzona.
C．To the Nile River.
D．To the Museum of Natural History.
第10题
W: Yes, it was fantastic. Now I know why it is listed together with the Nile River as one of the great natural wonders of the world. Here, want to see the picture I took？
M: Oh, what a view! It is even bigger than I had imagined. I remember reading about the Grand Canyon and I think it said that it was formed suddenly when the earth's crust split open during an earthquake.
W: Well, not that quickly. Look, here is the picture of Colorado river. See way down at the bottom of the canyon, that fiver and its tributaries have been wearing the canyon floor away for ten million years.
M: Then the canyon is the result of swale erosion. I'll bet geologists have made some interesting discoveries here.
W: Not only the geologists, archaeologists have found the bones of extinct animals in caves in the canyon wails. In a cave one hundred and forty feet above the river, they found drift wood than dates back as far as thirty seven thousand years.
M: That means the river must have been a hundred and forty feet higher up when it carried the driftwood into the cave.
W: It's very possible, but of course who knows. The Grand Canyon is full of mysteries. Wouldn't you like to go to Arizona some day？
M: You bet I would.
(20)
A．To the Nile River.
B．To the museum of Natural History,
C．To Colorado.
D．To Arizona.
