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更多“Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and”相关的问题
第1题
Requiting two pilots is an important safety measurebecause __________.
A.two pilots can oversee each other during the flight
B.two pilots can take turns flying the plane
C.when one is sick, the other will be able to take his/her place
D.they help prevent deadly accidents
第2题
根据以下材料，回答题
Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently
Male pilots flying general aviation （private） aircraft in the United States are more likely to crash due to inattention or flawed decision-making， while female pilots are more likely to crash from mishandling the aircraft. These are results of a study fly researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The study identifies difference between male and female pilot in terms of circumstances or the crash and the type or pilots error involved. "Crashes of general aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths in the United States. The crash rate for male pilots， as for motor vehicle drivers， exceeds that of crashes of female pilots." explains Susan P. Baker， MPH， professor of health policy and management at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. "Because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors to aviation crashes， we focused on only mature pilots，to determine the gender differences in the reasons for the crash."
The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety. The data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanes and helicopters between 1983 and 1997， involving 144 female pilots and 267 male pilots aged 40-63. Female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio， by age， classes of medical and pilot certificates， state or area of crash， and year of crash. Then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot error involved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender.
The researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was the most common circumstance for both sexes， leading to 59 percent of female pilots" crashes and 36 percent of males". Experiencing mechanical failure， running out of fuel， and landing the plane with the landing gear upwere among the factors more likely with males， while stalling was more likely with females.
The majority of the crashes —— 95 percent for females and 88 percent for males —— involved at least one type of pilot error. Mishandling aircraft kinetics was the most common error for both sexes， but was more common among females （accounting for 81 percent of the crashes） than males （accounting for 48 percent ）. Males， however， appeared more likely to be guilty of poor decision-making， risk-taking， and inattentiveness， examples of which include misjudging weather and visibilityor flying an aircraft with a known defect. Females， though more likely to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft， were generally more careful than their male counterparts.
What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about？ 查看材料
A.Causes of aircraft crash.
B.Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes.
C.Causes of mishandling aircraft.
D.Gender discrimination in general aviation in the United States.
第3题
Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently
Male pilots flying general aviation (private) aircraft in the United States are more likely to crash due to inattention or flawed decision-making, while female pilots are more likely to crash from mishandling the aircraft. These are the results of a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The study identifies the differences between male and female pilots in terms of circumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. "Crashes of general aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths in the United States. The crash rate for male pilots as for motor vehicle drivers, exceeds that of crashes of female pilots," explains Susan P. Baker, MPH, professor of health policy and management at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. "Because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors to aviation crashes, we focused on only mature pilots, to determine the gender differences in the masons for the crash."
The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety. The data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanes and helicopters between 1983 and 1997, involving 144 female pilots and 267 male pilots aged 40--63. Female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio, by age, classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash, and year of crash. Then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot error involved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender.
The researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was the most common circumstance for both sexes, leading to 59 percent of female pilots' crashes and 36 percent of males'. Experiencing mechanical failure, running out of fuel, and landing the plane with the landing gear up were among the factors more likely with males, while stalling was more likely with females.
The majority of the crashes--95 percent for females and 88 percent for males--involved at least one type of pilot error. Mishandling aircraft kinetics was the most common error for both sexes, but was more common among females(accounting for 81 percent of the crashes) than males (accounting for 48 percent). Males, however, appeared more likely to be guilty of poor decision-making, risk-taking, and inattentiveness, examples of which include misjudging weather and Visibility or flying an aircraft with a known defect. Females, though more likely to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft, were generally more careful than their male counterparts.
inattention n.疏忽
flawed adj. 有缺陷的
mishandle v. 瞎弄,乱处理
MPH(Master of Public Health) 公共卫生硕士
stall v. (飞机) 失速, (发动机) 熄火
kinetics n. 动力学
What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about？
A．Causes of aircraft crash.
B．Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes.
C．Causes of mishandling aircraft.
D．Gender discrimination in general aviation in the United States.
第4题
Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently
Male pilots flying general aviation (private) aircraft in the United States are more likely to crash due to inattention or flawed decision making. While female pilots are more likely to crash from mishandling (错误地处理) the aircraft (航行器). These are the results of a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The study identifies the differences between male and female pilots in terms of circumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. "Crashes of general aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths" in the United States. The crash rate for male pilots as for motor vehicle drivers, exceeds that of crashes of female pilots, " explains Susan P. Baker, MPH, professor of health policy and management at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. "Because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors to aviation crashes, we focused on only mature pilots, to determine the gender differences in the reasons for the crash.
The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety. The data were gathered from general aviation (航行) crashes of airplanes and helicopters between 1983 and 1997, involving 144 female pilots and 267 male pilots aged 40--63. Female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio, by age, classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash, and year of crash. Then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot error involved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender.
The researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was the most common circumstance for both sexes, leading to 59 percent of female pilots' crashes and 36 percent of males'. Experiencing mechanical failure, running out of fuel (燃料), and landing the plane with the landing gear up were among the factors more likely with males, while stalling was more likely with females.
The majority of the crashes -- 95 percent for females and 88 percent for males -- involved at least one type of pilot error. Mishandling aircraft kinetics was the most common error for both sexes, but was more common among females (accounting for 81 percent of the crashes) than males (accounting for 48 percent). Males, however, appeared more likely to be guilty of poor decision-making, risk-taking, and inattentiveness, examples of which include misjudging weather and visibility or flying an aircraft with a known defect (过失). Females, though more likely to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft, were generally more careful than their male counterparts.
What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about？
A．Causes of aircraft crash.
B．Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes.
C．Causes of mishandling aircraft.
D．Gender discrimination in general aviation in the United States.
第5题
听力原文： Captain Joseph Mackey's airplane was flying over the ocean on its way to Great Britain when engine trouble started. He turned back and made a crash-landing at night in the deep snow of Newfoundland. All the men in the plane were killed except Captain Mackey, who was badly hurt. Captain Mackey waited all the next morning for an airplane to come in search of him, in the afternoon he set out to find help. He went about a mile but found that he was too weak to go on through the snow. Half walking and half crawling, he made his way back to the plane. The second day many planes passed above him, but none of the pilots saw him. The third day Captain Mackey heard a plane coming nearer and nearer, flying very slowly. It flew right over him and passed on. Then he gave up hope of being found. In a few minutes the plane returned, and the pilot dipped one wing to get a clearer view. The pilot came down closer for a better look, and then he saw Captain Mackey waving his arms. The pilot quickly climbed higher and sent a radio message. In a short time a plane came and dropped a sleeping bag, food, medicine, and tools for Captain Mackey.
(33)
A．No fuel.
B．Ice on the wing.
C．Engine trouble.
D．No food.
第6题
Bessie Coleman
Bessie was born in Atlanta, Texas in 1893. Her father was an Indian and her mother an African American. Her father left the family when she was seven. At such a young age, Bessie picked cotton. She also took on extra washing and ironing to help her mother meet family expenses.
After finishing high school, Bessie went to Chicago to stay with a younger brother. She became interested in aviation (飞行) shortly after World War I. But because of her sex and color she could not enroll (注册入学) in an aviation school in the US. Later, a newspaper editor told her that the only path left open to her would be an viation school in Europe. She then made two trips to Europe. She studied under top German and French pilots, and returned to Chicago with an international pilot's license. Bessie became the only black woman pilot in the world.
Her work as a pilot took her into a field untouched by women in her day. This field was exhibition flying. In 1922, Bessie gave her first exhibition flying show. Several thousand eager fans came to see the unusual show. She went on giving air shows all over the US. She gained national attention and thousands of fans of all races. She was not discouraged by words from her family or seeing the death of a student pilot. Nor did suffering a broken leg and arm in an air crash scare her.
Letters poured in from young black people. Like Bessie, they wanted to go into the field of aviation. Long before her first exhibition, Bessie dreamed of setting up a flying school for blacks. Unfortunately, she died in a flight accident before her dream was realized.
11. When Bessie was seven,（）
A. she left her family
B. she helped support the family
C. her father went to Atlanta
D. her family opened a cotton farm
12. Bessie was kept out of the US aviation schools because（）
A. World War I had ended
B. she was a black woman
C. her brother didn't want her to go
D. she didn't finish her high school
13. Bessie'sexhibition flying show in 1922（）
A. was the first done by women
B. did not attract much attention
C. was helped by European pilots
D. ended in air crash
14. According to Paragraph 3, Bessie（）
A. had fans all over the world
B. got support from her family
C. was once injured in an air crash
D. was scared by a pilot's death
15. Bessie's unrealized dream was to（）
A. reduce flight accidents
B. set up her own flying team
C. involve more women in aviation
D. found a flying school for blacks
第7题
When we fly from east to west or【26】versa, the【27】we experience after taking a long distance flying is【28】, because we cross time zones. According to doctors, air travelers, after crossing several time zones, are in no【29】to go to work, and they should go【30】to bed【31】arrival.
As to airline pilots who often live【32】their own watches and ignore local time, there is no need for them to worry about their health although they sometimes have breakfast at midnight, because they are used to【33】and are【34】fit.
Many businessmen like long-distance flights, thinking they are【35】to have been chosen and they are out for promotion. They are lucky if the company follows the doctor' s advice and allow them to rest for a day or two【36】working. However, sometimes the manager is so energetic that he believes everyone is【37】to be as fit as he is. Since he has never felt【38】after flying himself, the work he assigns is so【39】that the employee is too【40】to carry the work out satisfactorily. That is disastrous for the employee' s health and the company' s reputation.
(21)
A．ordinary
B．common
C．plain
D．usual
第8题
The Origin of the Air Mail
At Blackpool Holt Thomas and Graham-White agreed to make a practical experiment in carrying mails by aeroplane. The idea, as it was first worked out, was for the aeroplane to fly from Blackpool airport across to Southport airport, and for the mails to be taken over by the Post Office there. But the programme had to be changed owing to a series of high winds. What happened in the end was that Graham-White took a mail-bag in his plane, and made a flight with it across country for a distance of about seven miles, returning to the airport. This experiment gave Graham-White the honour of being the first airman in England to carry a bag of mail across country in an aeroplane. Letters and postcards which were carried in this test, and which had a special stamp recording the fact, soon became much sought after by collectors.
The second and more important experiment in British air mail transport took place in September 1911, and was the first of its kind in this country to obtain the official permission of the Postmaster-general. It was indeed one of the historical events in our airmail development. In this case as many as 130,000 letter and postcards were carried by aeroplane between London and Windsor. One of the airmen engaged in this pioneer service was the famous Gustav Hamel, flying a monoplane. I remember going out one afternoon to see him start off with one of the bags of mail. It was an extremely bad day for flying, and just before the time due for the start, the wind was blowing at nearly 50 miles an hour. None of the other pilots would have thought of going up, but Hamel—one of the finest of all pilots of the British monoplane—was not to be stopped. He jumped into his machine and fairly shot off the ground. The monoplane, so long as it was near the earth, was thrown about like a small boat on an angry sea. But Hamel gave a splendid exhibition of airmanship; as soon as he reached a great height, conditions became much steadier ,and he finished his journey without accident.
This was an early demonstration that an airplane was more than a fine weather machine, and that it could fight its way successfully through violent winds. This fact impressed the postal authorities a good deal, and helped those who believed that the airplane had a great commercial future.
Holt Thomas and Graham-White were the first airmen to carry the airmail in England.
A．True
B．False
C．Not mentioned
第9题
【T12】
A. UNTIL
B. GROUND
C. AS A. WEREN"T DISCOVERED【T7】______THE 1930S
B. A SWISS WRITER WROTE THAT THE NAZCA LINES WERE DESIGNED【T8】______A LANDING PLACE FOR UFOS.
C. SEEN FROM THE【T9】______, IT LOOKS LIKE LINES SCRATCHED INTO THE EART
H. IN THE DESERT OF PERU, 300 KILOMETERS FROM LIMA, ONE OF THE MOST UNUSUAL ARTWORKS IN THE WORLD HAS MYSTIFIED(迷惑)PEOPLE FOR DECADES.【T10】______BUT FROM HIGH ABOVE, THESE MARKS ARE HUGE IMAGES OF BIRDS, FISH, SEASHELLS, ALL BEAUTIFULLY CARVED INTO THE EART
H. THE NAZCA LINES ARE SO DIFFICULT TO SEE FROM THE GROUND THAT THEY【T11】______, WHEN PILOTS SPOTTED THEM WHILE FLYING OVER THE AREA. IN ALL, THERE ARE ABOUT 70 DIFFERENT HUMAN AND ANIMAL FIGURES ON THE PLAIN, ALONG WITH 900 TRIANGLES, CIRCLES, AND LINES. RESEARCHERS HAVE FIGURED OUT THAT THE LINES ARE AT LEAST 1,500 YEARS OLD, BUT THEIR PURPOSE IS STILL A MYSTERY.【T12】______HOWEVER, IT WOULD PROBABLY BE VERY TRICKY TO FIND A SPACESHIP IN THE MIDDLE OF PICTURES OF DOGS AND MONKEYS.
