题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
假设坎塔布雷吉亚（Cantabrigia)是一个很小的经济体，共有20名工人。这些工人可以生产两种产品，即制造品和粮食
假设坎塔布雷吉亚(Cantabrigia)是一个很小的经济体，共有20名工人。这些工人可以生产两种产品，即制造品和粮食。在制造业的生产中，边际劳动产量取决于就业人数。关系如下：
工人数 | 最后一个工人的际产出 |
1 | 20 |
2 | 18 |
3 | 16 |
4 | 14 |
5 | 12 |
6 | 11 |
7 | 10 |
8 | 9 |
9 | 8 |
10 | 7 |
在粮食部门，边际劳动产量与就业人数无关，恒等于9。制造品与粮食的世界价格都是每单位10美元。
a．假设不存在劳动市场扭曲现象，求工资率、制造业和粮食业的劳动配置，以及每种产品的产量。
b．现在假设由于某种原因，制造业部门的最低工资是150美元。同时，该经济仍然保持充分就业状态。求这种情形下整个经济的产出以及市场扭曲带来的成本。
c．最后，假设工人从农村向城市迁移，直至城市工人的工资与被雇佣的概率的乘积等于农村工人的工资。求产出水平和失业人数。
The very small economy of Cantabrigia has a total labor force of 20 workers．These workers can produce two goods，manufactures and food．in production of manufactures，the marginal product of labor depends on employment as follows：
Number of workers | Marginal product of last worker |
1 | 20 |
2 | 18 |
3 | 16 |
4 | 14 |
5 | 12 |
6 | 11 |
7 | 10 |
8 | 9 |
9 | 8 |
10 | 7 |
In the food sector the marginal product of labor is independent of employment，and is 9． The world price of a unit of manufactures is ＄10，so is the world price of a unit of food．
a．Suppose there were no distortion in the labor market；find the wage rate，the allocation of labor between manufactures and food，and the output of each good．
b．Now suppose that for some reason the minimum wage in the manufactures sector is ＄150． Full employment，however，is maintained．Find the output of the economy in this case．How large is the cost of the distortion？
c．Finally，suppose that workers migrate from the country to the city until the wage of city workers multiplied by the probability of being employed equals the rural wage．Find the level of output and unemployment．
答案
