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Britain remained a nuclear power because ______.
A．it withdrew its army from Germany in spite of America's opposition
B．the cuts forecasted turned out to be much higher than it was actually needed
C．the U. S. and Germany provided Britain a loan
D．it found other ways of cost cutting
答案
更多“Britain remained a nuclear power because ______.A．it withdrew its army from Germany in spi”相关的问题
第1题
A．306 AD
B．410 AD
C．446 AD
D．1066 AD
第2题
Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep Britain Tidy,(62)its new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it had investigated which(63)made up "littered England" and the same names appeared again and again. "We(64)litterers for dropping this fast food litter(65)the first place but also believe the results havepertinent(相关的) messages for the fast food(66). McDonald's, Greggs, KFC and Subway need to do more to(67)littering by their customers."
He recognised efforts made by McDonald's,(68)placing litter bins and increasing litter patrols, but its litter remained "all too prevalent". All fast food chains should reduce(69)packaging, he added. Companies could also reduce prices(70)those who stayed to eat food on their premises, offer money-offvouchers(代金券) or other(71)for those who returned packaging and put more bins at(72)points in local streets, not just outside their premises. A(73)for McDonald's said: "We do our best. Obviously we ask all our customers to dispose of litter responsibly." Trials of more extensive, all-day litter patrols were(74)in Manchester and Birmingham. KFC said it took its(75)for litter management "very seriously", and would introduce a programme to reduce packaging(76)many products. Subway said that it worked hard to(77)the impact of litter on communities,(78)it was "still down to the(79)customer to dispose of their litter responsibly". Greggs said it recognised the " continuing challenge for us all ",(80)having already taken measures to help(81)the issue.
第3题
Peoples of Britain
Introduction
The story of early Britain has traditionally been told in terms of waves of invaders displacing or annihilating(消灭) their predecessors. Archaeology suggests that this picture is fundamentally wrong. For over 10,000 years people have been moving into—and out of—Britain, sometimes in substantial numbers, yet there has always been a basic continuity of population.
The gene pool of the island has changed, but more slowly and far less completely than implied by the old "invasion model", and the notion of large-scale migrations, once the key explanation for change in early Britain, has been widely discredited.
Before Roman times "Britain" was just a geographical entity, and had no political meaning, and no single cultural identity. Arguably this remained generally true until the 17th century, when James I of England sought to establish a pan-British monarchy.
Throughout recorded history the island has consisted of multiple cultural groups and identities. Many of these groupings looked outwards, across the seas, for their closest connections—they did not necessarily connect naturally with their fellow islanders, many of whom were harder to reach than maritime neighbors in Ireland or continental Europe.
It therefore makes no sense to look at Britain in isolation; we have to consider it with Ireland as part of the wider "Atlantic Archipelago", nearer to continental Europe and, like Scandinavia, part of the North Sea world.
First Peoples
From the arrival of the first modern humans—who were hunter-gatherers, following the retreating ice of the Ice Age northwards—to the beginning of recorded history is a period of about 100 centuries, or 400 generations. This is a vast time span, and we know very little about what went on through those years; it is hard even to fully answer the question, "Who were the early peoples of Britain？", because they have left no accounts of themselves.
We can, however, say that biologically they were part of the Caucasoid(高加索人种) population of Europe.
The regional physical stereotypes familiar to us today, a pattern widely thought to result from the post-Roman Anglo-Saxa and Viking invasions—red-headed people in Scotland, small, dark-haired folk in Wales and lanky blondes in southern England—already existed in Roman times. Insofar as they represent reality, they perhaps attest the post-Ice Age peopling of Britain, or the first farmers of 6,000 years ago.
Before Rome: the "Celts"
the end of the Iron Age(roughly the last 700 years B.C., we get our first eye-witness accounts of Britain from Greco-Roman authors, not least Julius Caesar who invaded in 55 and 54 B.C. These reveal a mosaic of named peoples(Trinovantes, Silures, Cornovii, Selgovac, etc.), but there is little sign such groups had any sense of collective identity any more than the islanders of AD 1000 all considered themselves "Britons".
However, there is one thing that the Romans, modern archaeologists and the Iron Age islanders themselves word all agree on: they were not Celts. This was an invention of the 18th century; the name was not used earlier. The idea canto from the discovery around 1700 that the non-English island tongues relate to that of the ancient continental Gauls, who really were called Celts. This ancient continental ethnic label was applied to the wider family of languages. But "Celtic" was soon extended to describe insular monuments, art, culture and peoples, ancient and modern: island "Celtic" identity was born, like Britishness, in the 18th century.
Archaeologists widely agree on two things about the British Iron Age: its many regional cultures grew out of the preceding local Bronze Age, and did not derive from waves of continental "Celtic" invaders. And secondly, calling the British Iron Age "Celtic" is so misleading that it is best abandoned.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第4题
Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep Britain Tidy, 【62】______ its new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it had investigated which 【63】______ made up "littered England" and the same names appeared again and again. "We 【64】______ litterers for dropping this fast food litter 【65】______ the first place but also believe the results have pertinent (相关的) messages for the fast food 【66】______ McDonald's, Greggs, KFC and Subway need to do more to 【67】______ littering by their customers".
He recognised efforts made by McDonald's, 【68】______ placing litter bins and increasing litter patrols, but its litter remained "all too prevalent". All fast food chains should reduce 【69】______ packaging, he added. Companies could also, reduce prices 【70】______ those who stayed to eat food on their premises, offer money-off vouchers(代金券) or other 【71】______ for those who returned packaging and put more bins at 【72】______ points in local streets, not just outside their premises. A 【73】______ for McDonald's said: "We do our best. Obviously we ask all our customers to dispose of litter responsibly", Trials of more extensive, all-day litter patrols were 【74】______ in Manchester and Birmingham. KFC said it took its 【75】______ for litter management "very seriously", and would introduce a programme to reduce packaging 【76】______ many products. Subway said that it worked hard to 【77】______ the impact of litter on communities, 【78】______ it was "still down to the 【79】______ customer to dispose of their litter responsibly". Greggs said it recognised the "continuing challenge for us all", 【80】______ having already taken measures to help 【81】______ the issue.
62.
A.elevating
B.launching
C.convening
D.projecting
第5题
The Body Thieves
In the early nineteenth century in Britain, many improvements were being made in the world of medicine. Doctors and surgeons were becoming more knowledgeable about the human body. Illnesses that had been fatal a few years before were now curable. However, surgeons had one problem. They needed dead bodies to cut up, or dissect (解剖). This was the only way that they could learn about the flesh and bones inside the body, and the only way to teach new surgeons to carry out operations.
The job of finding these dead bodies was carried out by an unpleasant group of people called "body snatchers". They went into graveyards (墓地) at night and, using wooden shovels to make less noise, dug up any recently buried bodies. Then they took the bodies to the medical schools and sold them. A body could be sold for between ￡5 and ￡10, which was a lot of money at that time. The doctors who paid the body snatchers had an agreement with them—they never asked any questions. They did not desire to know where the bodies came from, as long as they kept arriving.
The most famous of these body snatchers were two men from Edinburgh called William Burke and William Hare. Burke and Hare were different because they did not just dig up bodies from graveyards. They got greedy and thought of an easier way to find bodies. Instead of digging them up, they killed the poorer guests in Hare's small hotel. Dr Knox, the respected surgeon they worked for, never asked why all the bodies they brought him had been strangled (勒死).
For many years Burke and Hare were not caught because, unsurprisingly, the bodies of their victims were never found by the police. They were eventually arrested and put on trial in 1829. The judge showed mercy to Hare and he was released but Burke was found guilty and his punishment was to be hanged. Appropriately, his body was given to the medical school and he ended up on the dissecting table, just like his victims. In one small way, justice was done.
Now, over 150 years later, surgeons do not need the help of criminals to learn their skills. However, the science of surgery could not have developed without their rather gruesome (令人毛骨悚然的) help.
The problem facing British surgeons in the early 19th century was that
A．some illnesses remained incurable.
B．few people were willing to work as surgeons.
C．medical expenses were too high.
D．dead bodies were not easily available.
第7题
Casa ltaliana
Twenty years ago, it was difficult to find fresh pasta in Britain without going to an Italian restaurant. For this reason, Marco and Mariengeladi Bietro, owners of a small but busy Italian restaurant in the Scottish city of Glasgow, found themselves approached by a local Italian food store wanting to stock their pasta. Other foodstores followed this example and soon Marco and Mariangela were supplying them on a large scale as well as running a restaurant. But despite the long hours they were working, Marco and Mariangela did not consider changing career or moving from Scotland. It was only years later that they realised which business made more sense.
So in 1981, Marco and Mariangela sold their restaurant, bought a former factory and moved to the English countryside. They both miss city life. Although suitable property in the country was cheaper than in the city, it was only the thought of trucks wasting hours driving from Scotland to customers in the south of England that persuaded the couple to make the move.
At first, they sold only to small specialist food stores and were unwilling to supply any large supermarket chains. But developments in packaging, allowing pasta to stay fresh longer, persuaded them they were wrong and this market now buys the major part of Casa Italiana's output. However, their decision not to supply restaurants has remained unchanged: they feel they should sell food cooked on the premises as they did themselves.
In the early stages of the business, clients were keen to have traditional pasta made in the Italian way. Now customers are demanding pasta influenced by the traditions of other countries. It is with some regret that Mariangela has developed a range of exciting new recipes. She feels that she cooked her best pasta in the early days.
What are Marco's and Mariangela's roles nowadays？ Although Marco has tried to encourage Mariangela to leave food production to employees and spend more time dealing with clients, she remains in charge of the kitchen. Marco is happy to be responsible for the financial and administrative side of affairs.
Marco dreams of launching restaurants sharing the Casa Italiana name across the UK. Yet he knows it would be more profitable to set up a second production centre. While the couple consider their long-term options, Mariangela is realising her dream: places on the first Casa Italiana cookery course are about to be advertised. But who knows？ The Casa Italiana brand is already so strong that little can prevent Marco from also satisfying his ambitions for the firm.
Why did Marco and Mariangela give up their restaurant and start a pasta business？
A．They were attracted by a job which offered shorter working hours.
B．They had been searching for a very profitable business.
C．They learned that demand for fresh pasta was high.
第9题
Tea in Britain
Tea, that most essential English drinks, is a relative late comer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid 17th century that the beverage(饮料) first appeared in England. The use of tea spread slowly from its Asian homeland, reaching Europe by way of Venice around 1560, although Portuguese trading ships may have made contact with the Chinese as early as 1515. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, with regular shipments by 1610. England was a latecomer to the tea trade, as the East India Company did not invest on tea's popularity until the inid-18th century.
Coffee Houses
Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway, who owned an establishment in Exchange Alley. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at 6 and 10 per pound, flattering its virtues at "making the body active and energetic", and "preserving perfect health until extreme old age".
Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. Ibis distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of wine, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain's lower classes.
Taxation on Tea
Charles U did his bit to counter the growth of tea, with several acts(法案)forbidding its sale in private houses. This measure was designed to counter sedition(混乱), but it was so unpopular that it was impossible to enforce. A 1676 act taxed tea required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid 18th century the duty on tea had reached 119%. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry tea smuggling.
Smuggling Tea
Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, transported the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local parish(教区) church! Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to mix the tea with other substances, such as the leaves of some trees. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.
Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from'! 19% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Bad quality tea remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drag Act of 1875 brought in strict punishment for the practice.
Tea Clippers (快速帆船)
In the early 1800's ships carrying tea from the Far East to Britain could take over a year to bring home their precious cargo. When the East India Company was given a monopoly(垄断) on the tea trade in 1832, they realized the need to cut the time of this journey. The Americans actually designed the first "clippers", or streamlined, tall-masted vessels, but the British were close behind. These clippers sped along at nearly 18 knots by contemporary accounts—nearly as fast as a modem ocean liner.
So great was the race for speed that an annual competition was begun for dippers to race from the Canton River to the London Docks. The first ship to unload its cargo won the captain and crew a good bonus.
The most famous of the clipper ships was the Cutty Sark, built in 1868. It only made the tea run eight
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第10题
The job of finding these dead bodies was carried out by an unpleasant group of people called“body snatchers'’.They went into graveyards(墓地)at night and，using wooden shovels to make less noise。dug up any recently buried bodies.Then they took the bodies to the medical schools and sold them.A body could be sold for between￡5 and~10，which was a lot of money at that time.The doctors who paid the body snatchers had all agreement with t}them—they never asked any questions.They did not desire to know where the bodies came from，as long as they kept arriving.
The most famous of these body snatchers were two men from Edinburgh called William Burke and William Hare.Burke and Hare were different because they did not just dig Up bodies from graveyards.They got greedy and thought of all easier way to find bodies.Instead of digging them up，they killed the poorer guests in Hare’s small hotel.Dr.Knox，the respected surgeon they worked for, never asked why all the bodies they brought him had been strangled (勒死).For many years Burke and Hare were not caught because，unsurprisingly, the bodies of their victims were never found by the police.They were eventually arrested and put on trial in 1 829.
The judge showed mercy to Hare and he was released but Burke Was found guilty and his punishment was to be hanged.Appropriately, his body Was given to the medical school and he ended up on the dissecting table，just like his victims.In one small way,.justice was done.
Now，over 150 years later, surgeons do not need the help of criminals to learn their skills. However，the science of surgery could not have developed without their rather gruesome(令人毛骨悚然的) help.
第11题：The problem facing British surgeons in the early 19thcenturywas that
A．some illnesses remained incurable．
B．few people were willing to work as surgeons．
C．medical expenses were too high．
D．dead bodies were not easily available．
