Today a new generation of sociologists continues to further study the puzzle of ______.

The age of gilded youth (纨绔子弟) is over. Today' s under-thirties are the first generation for a century who can expect a lower living standard than their parents. Research into the lifestyle. and prospects of people born since 1970 shows that they are likely to face a lifetime of longer working hours, lower job security and higher taxes than the previous generation. When they leave work late in the evening they will be more likely to return to a small rented flat than to a house of their own. When eventually they retire, it will be on pensions far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears (祖先，祖宗).

The findings are revealed in a study of the way the aging of Britain's population is affecting different generations. Anthea Tinker, professor of social gerontology at King's College London, who carried out much of the work, said the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations. "Today's older middle-aged and elderly are becoming the new winners," she said. "They made relatively small contributions in tax but now make relatively big claims on the welfare system. Generations born in the last three to four decades face the prospect of handing over more than a third of their lifetime's earnings to care for them".

The surging(激增) number of older people, many living alone, has also increased demand for property and pushed up house prices. While previous generations found it easy to raise a mortgage (抵押), today's under-thirties have to live with their parents or rent. If they can afford to buy a home it is more likely to be a flat than a house. Laura Lenox-Conyngham, 28, grew up in a large house and her mother did not need to work. Unlike her wealthy parents, she graduated with student and postgraduate loan debts of ￡ 13, 000. She now earns about ￡ 20,000 a year, preparing food to be photographed for magazines. Her home is a one-bedroom flat in central London and she sublets the lounge sofa bed to her brother. "My father took pity and paid off my student debts," she said. "But I still have no pension and no chance of buying a property for at least a couple of year—and then it will be something small in a bad area. My only hope is the traditional one of meeting a rich man." Tinker's research reveals Lenox-Conyngham is representative of many young professionals, especially in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Bristol.

By saying "the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations" (Lines 3 ～ 4, Para. 2), Anthea Tinker really means that ______.

A．currently wealth flows from old generation to younger generation

B．traditionally wealth flows from younger generation to old generation

C．with the increasingly big population of over 50, the trend arises that wealth flows from younger generation to old generation

D．with more and more people of over 50, traditions have been reversed

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

German researchers have(1)a new generation of defibrillators and early warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection(2)sudden death from cardiac arrest.

In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases(3)by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are Patients who have(4)suffered a heart attack and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing(5)disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices(6)a range of functions such as that of pacemaker.

Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with all implanted defibrillator(7)of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of(8)blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data(9).

The overwhelming(10)of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. "Many of the current programs only(11)into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use(12)a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system." Hagen Knaf says."(13)changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account." An old study of ECG data, based(14)600 Patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show(15)the new software evaluates the data considerably better.

A．come up

B．come up with

C．come up to

D．come up against

How is the place in New Mexico today？

A．There are still a lot of people.

B．There are no people and no trees at all.

C．It becomes sea.

听力原文：Is the new machine arriving today or tomorrow？

(A) That machine is out of order again.

(B) I will take the minutes tomorrow.

(C) Neither, it will be here the day after tomorrow.

(40)

A．

B．

C．

Where do today's children see Donald Duck cartoons？

A．In new cartoons.

B．At the cinema.

C．On television.

D．In the theatre.

A.I have a new friend

B.We have two new friends today

If today were Tuesday, when will the lady receive the new credit card？

A．On Friday

B．On Saturday

C．On Sunday

D．On Monday

Today, ________ major new products without conducting elaborate market research.

A) corporations hardly introduce ever

B) corporations hardly ever introduce

C) hardly corporations introduce ever

D) hardly corporations ever introduce