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阅读理解：Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents' culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents' privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers' apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".

Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors' homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.

21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.

A) is a sign of their customs

B) is an indication of their level of knowledge

C) symbolizes their social system

D) varies from culture to culture

22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.

A) children don't like their parents

B) parents don't feel close to their children

C) parents would not like to live together with their children

D) independence from one's family is an important personal goal in USA

23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.

A) are caught in their mothers' aprons

B) must always wear an apron when they eat

C) are very dependent on their mothers

D) are independent from their parents

24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.

A) children have to earn money to help the family

B) they need more money

C) they want them to begin establishing autonomy

D) children have to save money for future use

25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.

A) Americans are money lovers

B) Americans admire independence

C) Americans are good at decision-making

D) Americans are all responsible

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发布时间：2020-09-07
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更多“阅读理解：Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children”相关的问题

第1题

阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。The first year of school in America, known as kindergar

阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。

The first year of school in America, known as kindergarten, usually begins between the ages of five and six. Among rich countries such a late start is very strange. President Obama believes it is an economic and social problem; his education secretary goes as far as to say that it is "morally wrong”. This statement has some support, as it is clear from research into vocabulary that youngsters from poor families enter kindergarten well behind those from rich families—a disadvantage that usually lasts a lifetime. Children from households on welfare knew 525 words by the age of three, while the children of professionals had mastered 1,116.

Pre-school can help close this gap. So in a speech last month, Mr. Obama called for a partnership between the federal government and the states to expand it to every American child. It later became known that "every" meant those who come from families with incomes of up to 200% above the poverty line—equal to an income of $47,000 for a family of four.

Some critics say that sending children to school at the age of four does not work. The evidence suggests otherwise. For example, on March 20thnew results were announced from a study of 9 to 11 year olds in New Jersey. This report found that disadvantaged children who had attended pre-school had better literacy (读写能力), language, maths and science skills. And two years of pre-kindergarten were better than one.

Some studies also follow the effects of early learning over lifetimes, such as its effect on crime rates and other factors that may eventually burden society. Critics have singled out a government scheme called Head Start, created in 1965, which provides poor households with a range of services including school-based early education.

1. Kindergarten in rich countries other than America usually begins at the age of {A; B; C}

A. four

B. seven

C. six

2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE？{A; B; C} A. Poor pre-school kids have a larger vocabulary than rich kids.

B. President Obama believes that early education can solve all economic and social problems.

C. Rich pre-school kids have a richer vocabulary than poor kids.

3. Which of the following about the New Jersey study is TRUE？{A; B; C}

A. There is no evidence to support the New Jersey study.

B. Two years of pre-kindergarten were better than one.

C. Sending children to school at the age of four is not going to help.

4. The phrase "single out" in the last paragraph means {A; B; C}.

A. choose

B. think about

C. count

5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage？{A; B; C}

A. Secondary Education

B. Pre-school Education

C. Poor Kids' Education

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第2题

第二节 短文理解1阅读下面短文，从[A]（Right)、[B]（Wrong)、[C]（Doesn't Say)三个判断中选择一个正

第二节 短文理解1

阅读下面短文，从[A](Right)、[B](Wrong)、[C](Doesn't Say)三个判断中选择一个正确选项。

Daylight Saving Time begins on Monday, April 3, 2005. People in most parts of the United States will turn their clocks ahead one hour.

The official(正式的) time to turn your clock ahead is early in the morning, April 3. Two a.m. becomes three am. Sunday will have only 23 hours. (Most people change their clocks before they go to sleep Saturday night.)

In the fall, people turn their clock back an hour. This saying helps people remember which way to turn the clock: "Spring ahead; fall back." (Spring and fall each have two meanings here.)

We use Daylight Saving Time in order to save electricity (电). We need one less hour of light from electricity each day in the summer.

Arizona, Hawaii, and parts of Indiana do not use Daylight Saving Time. Not every country uses Daylight Saving Time, either. Countries near the equator(赤道) have no reason to use Daylight Saving Time. Their hours of daylight and darkness are always nearly the same. There is no Daylight Saving Time in Japan, China, or India.

Countries south of the equator have quite different seasons. They are ending their Daylight Saving Time now.

Daylight Saving Time is used in most parts of the United States.

A．Right.

B．Wrong.

C．Doesn't say.

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第3题

第二节 短文理解1阅读下面短文，从[A]（Right)、[B]（Wrong)、[C]（Doesn't Say)三个判断中选择一个正

第二节 短文理解1

阅读下面短文，从[A](Right)、[B](Wrong)、[C](Doesn't Say)三个判断中选择一个正确选项。

Daylight Saving Time begins on Monday, April 3, 2005. People in most parts of the United States will turn their clocks ahead one hour.

The official(正式的) time to turn your clock ahead is early in the morning, April 3. Two a.m. becomes three am. Sunday will have only 23 hours. (Most people change their clocks before they go to sleep Saturday night.)

In the fall, people turn their clock back an hour. This saying helps people remember which way to turn the clock: "Spring ahead; fall back." (Spring and fall each have two meanings here.)

We use Daylight Saving Time in order to save electricity (电). We need one less hour of light from electricity each day in the summer.

Arizona, Hawaii, and parts of Indiana do not use Daylight Saving Time. Not every country uses Daylight Saving Time, either. Countries near the equator(赤道) have no reason to use Daylight Saving Time. Their hours of daylight and darkness are always nearly the same. There is no Daylight Saving Time in Japan, China, or India.

Countries south of the equator have quite different seasons. They are ending their Daylight Saving Time now.

Daylight Saving Time is used in most parts of the United States.

A．Right.

B．Wrong.

C．Doesn't say.

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第4题

Statistics from the developed countries suggest that it is only when peoples living standa
rds begin to rise______to fall.

A．can birth rate begin

B．that birth rate begins

C．that birth rate should begin

D．then birth rate begins

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第5题

The Koala's Life CycleThe breeding season for koalas runs roughly from September to March.

The Koala's Life Cycle

The breeding season for koalas runs roughly from September to March. This is a time of increased activity, and sound levels increase as males bellow more frequently. This is also when the young from the previous year are dispersing from their mothers. Where koalas live near suburban settlements and major roads, this period heralds the busiest time for koala carets, as koalas on the move cross paths with cars and dogs, and accompanying stress levels mean a higher incidence of sickness.

Females generally start breeding at about three or four years of age and usually produce only one offspring each year. However, not all females in a wild population will breed each year. Some produce offspring only every two or three years, depending on factors such as the age of the female and the quality of the habitat. In the average female's life span of about twelve years, this means that one female may produce only 5 or 6 offspring over her lifetime.

Once a female has conceived it is a short 35 days before the birth of the new baby, called a "joey". The tiny baby which is roughly 2 centimetres long and weighs less than 1 gram, looks rather like a pink jellybean ms it is totally hairless, blind and has no ears.

The joey makes its way from the birth canal to the pouch completely unaided, relying on its already well-developed senses of smell and touch, strong forelimbs and claws and an innate sense of direction. Once inside the safety of the pouch, it attaches itself to one of the two teats, which swells to fill its mouth. This prevents the joey from being dislodged from its source of food The mother contracts her strong sphincter muscle at the pouch opening to prevent the baby from tailing out.

The young koala drinks only mother's milk for the first six to seven months and remains in the pouch for that time, slowly growing and developing eyes, ears, fur etc. At about 22 weeks, its eyes open and it begins to peep out of the pouch. From about 22 to 30 weeks, it begins to feed upon a substance called "pap" which the mother produces in addition to milk. Pap is a specialised form. of faeces, or droppings, which forms an important part of the young koala's diet, 'allowing it to make the transition from milk to eucalyptus leaves, rather like a human baby is fed "mushy" food when it starts to eat solids. Pap is .soft and runny and thought to come from the eaecum. It allows the mother to pass on micro-organisms present in her own digestive system which are essential to the digestion of eucalyptus leaves, and is a rich source of protein.

The joey Leans out of the pouch opening on the centre of the mother's abdomen to feed on the pap, stretching it open towards the source of the pap, and therefore "downwards" or "backwards". This is why koalas are sometimes said to have a "backward-opening" pouch, although this is not strictly true.

The baby feeds regularly on the pap and as it grows it emerges totally from the pouch and lies on its mother's belly to feed. Eventually it begins to feed upon fresh leaves as it rides on its mother's back. The young koala continues to take milk from its mother until it is about a year old, but as it can no longer fit in the pouch, the mother's teat elongates to protrude from the pouch opening. Young koalas remain with their mothers until the appearance outside the pouch of the next season's joey. Then it is time for the previous year's joey to disperse and find its own home range. If a female does not reproduce each year, the joey stays with her longer and has a greater chance of survival when it does leave its mother.

Females generally live longer than males as the males are more often injured during fights, they tend to travel longer distances with the resulting increase in risks such as cars and dogs, and they more often occupy poorer habitats. Putting a life s

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第6题

第三节 短文理解2阅读下列短文，从[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选择一个正确答案。It's 8:15 in the morn

第三节 短文理解2

阅读下列短文，从[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选择一个正确答案。

It's 8:15 in the morning. They're having the first class.

“May I come in, Mr. Black？” a girl says at the door.

“Come in, please,” says Mr. Black. “You are five minutes late this morning, Lucy. It is the fourth time this week.” The girl often makes some excuses when she is late for class. Sometimes she says she doesn't feel well, or the bus is broken on the way, or her watch is slow...So her classmates are listening to her very carefully.

“I'm sorry, Mr. Black,” says Lucy. “I'm late because the traffic is busy and I have to wait for the lights to turn green.”

“But why don't you take an earlier bus？”

“I just take the earlier bus. But it's no use. The later bus often overtakes the earlier one!” answers Lucy.

The first class begins at______.

A．8:10

B．8:15

C．7:45

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第7题

The Migration of the California Grey WhaleOne of nature's greatest achievements is the Cal

The Migration of the California Grey Whale

One of nature's greatest achievements is the California grey whale. At birth a grey whale calf(小仔) weighs 2,000 pounds and is fourteen feet long. Every day the calf consumes fifty gallons of the mother's milk and gains fifty pounds of weight. At maturity this whale will weigh 80,000 pounds, be fifty feet long and eat several tons of food each day. The California grey whale spends most of its sixty-year life span on the road.

Every year thousands of grey whales make the longest migration of any animal, traveling 7,000 miles each way between the Arctic(北极圈)and Baja, California. The grey whales spend the long summer days in their Arctic feeding grounds in the Bering Sea between Alaska and Russia. Unlike a fish, the whale is warm-blooded and must therefore maintain a relatively high internal body temperature. In the cold Arctic waters the grey whale is protected by an outer layer of blubber(鲸脂)which averages six inches in thickness. Other whales such as the Greenland Night whale have been found with a two-foot thick layer of blubber covering their bodies.

During these summer months in the Arctic the grey whales fatten themselves by consuming enormous quantities of small shrimp-like animals called amphipods (端足目动物). Recent observations of a young grey whale, Gigi II, held in captivity (囚禁) at Sea World in San Diego during 1971 and 1972, suggest that the grey whale feeds by sweeping its enormous head over the bottom. The amphipods on which it feeds are either stirred off the bottom or leap off the bottom to escapee. These animals and the surrounding water are sucked into the whale's mouth. As the water is expelled from the mouth, it passes through coarse baleen (鲸须) fibres. The small animals are trapped and swallowed.

In October as the days get shorter and ice begins to form. over the Arctic feeding grounds, the California grey whale begins its long journey south to the warm waters of Baja, California. During this three-month long trip the whales traveling in groups stay dose to the shore of North America, swimming both day and night and averaging about 100 miles per day.

Occasionally the whale will take a look around above the water or "skyhop". Either by beating its tail flukes (尾鳍) rapidly or by resting its tail on the bottom, the whale pushes its upper eight to ten feet of body out of the water and takes a look around. At other times the whale will leap its fifty-foot body almost clear of the water, creating a huge splash as it reenters the water. This "breaching" (跃出水面) may be to dislodge(驱逐)whale lice(虱子) or barnacles (附着甲壳动物) or possibly part of a courtship display.

During the trip south the grey whales that are sexually mature, at least three years old, and not pregnant already, form. mating groups. These groups are composed of three whales, two males and a female. The dominant male couples with the female while the second male is kept busy positioning the two whales on their sides facing each other and keeping them together during the sex act. This is no small job, since each whale can be fifty feet long and weighs forty tons.

During December and January the grey whales arrive at the warm lagoons(环礁湖)along the coast of Baja, California. The whales swim miles inland along narrow shallow channels. These channels are the breeding grounds of the California grey whale. The calf has been gestating (孕育) in the pregnant female for the last thirteen months, that is, since her last journey south. The expectant cow is aided in the birth of the calf by another female that acts as a midwife (助产士). At birth the calf sinks toward the sea floor. Being a mammal (哺乳动物) the whale must breathe at the surface. The midwife guides the baby whale to the surface for its first gulp of air. The calf then finds its mother's nipples (乳头) and rich whale milk is forced into its mouth. During the next two mont

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第8题

Do you know the right time________ the lecture begins？

A.which

B.when

C.why

D.as

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第9题

Which of the following nuclides is the terminal member of the naturally occurring radioactive series
which begins withWhich of the following nuclides is the terminal me？

(a)Which of the following nuclides is the terminal me(b)Which of the following nuclides is the terminal me(c)Which of the following nuclides is the terminal me(d)Which of the following nuclides is the terminal me(e)Which of the following nuclides is the terminal me

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第10题

Women are more likely to suffer from SAD which usually begins from childhood.A．YB．NC．NG

Women are more likely to suffer from SAD which usually begins from childhood.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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