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A．short lines that connected
B．those short lines connected
C．connected by short lines
D．short connected lines
答案
更多“The early railroads were connected short lines in the existing arteries of transportation:”相关的问题
第1题
The passage aims to______.
A．list the factors that retarded the development of American railroads
B．illustrate the history of the development of American railroads
C．analyze advantages and disadvantages of American railroads at an early stage
D．present the pros and cons of American people in the 19th century
第2题
听力原文： In the early days of the railroads, horses pulled the trains. The trains had no power of their own. Richard Trevithik of England invented a steam-powered engine in 1804. Soon people were building railroads and steam engines all over the world. Because the steam engines did the work that animals used to do, people called them "iron horses".
Peter Cooper was a rich American businessman. He owned a lot of land near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He wanted the railroad to be successful. He built his own steam engine to drive along the railroad.
Most people traveled in coaches drawn by horses. A coach line challenged Peter Cooper to a race.
The day of the race came. At first the horse was winning the race. Peter Cooper's engine needed time to build up steam. He worked hard to make the train go faster. Soon he was catching up with the horse, he was going to win the race! Suddenly one of the parts of the engine broke. The train stopped. The horse rushed ahead. Peter Cooper lost the race.
Of course, that was not the end of the story. By 1870, railroad extended all across the United States. The "iron horse" had become an important part of American life,
(30)
A．Because they were driven by steam power.
B．Because they did the work that animals used to do.
C．Because they pulled cars full of coal.
D．Because they were made of iron.
第3题
听力原文： Today I'm going to discuss transportation and communication in the early 19th century in the United States. At that time, inland waterways provided North America's most popular form. of long distance transportation. Travel by river was often more convenient than taking a wagon over primitive country roads, especially when shipping heavy loads of farm products or household goods, Where the natural water ways were inadequate, shallow canals were built. The Erie Canal, opened in 1825, connected the Great Lakes with the upper Hudson River. It allowed settlers in the Great Lakes region to send their crops eastward to New York City at the mouth of the Hudson at a much lower cost. From there, crops could be shipped to other Atlantic ports. The construction of the Erie Canal also encouraged westward migration along inland waterways and helped populate the frontier. The City of Detroit grew up between two of the Great Lakes. Later a canal joined the Great Lakes with the Mississippi river system and Chicago became a thriving city. Politically the waterway system united the nation in a way few had imagined possible. By the mid-1800's faster and cheaper railroads became more popular and the canal system de dined. Railroads could be used year round whereas canals were often frozen in the winter. During the first third of the century, however, transportation on rivers, lakes and canals aided greatly in the growth of the United States. Next week we'll discuss the railroads in greater detail.
(33)
A．The role of inland waterways in the nation's growth.
B．The development of New York City as a seaport.
C．The growth of the railroads.
D．The disappearance of the canal system.
第4题
The conquest of Distance
1 In 1848, pioneers who crossed the American continent in their wagons made the trip in 109 days. Today a New York family can drive by automobile to San Francisco in less than a week or make the trip several days by train, or fly there in five hours. The transportation has conquered the vastness of the land and trought together people living thousands of kilometers apart.
2 Railroads played a major role in uniting the far reaches of the continent. In 1830 there were only 37km of railroad track in the United States. But by 1863, two companies proposed to connect the east and west coast by a railroad all the way across the continent. Advancing eastward from California, the Central Pacific pushed forward across the desert; the Central Pacific moved slowly westward over the mountain plateaus. Finally, in 1869, the tracks of the two railroads met, and the first transcontinental railroad-the first real link between east and west –was completed.
3 Although the railroads brought towns and cities together, they could not go everywhere. In many parts of America, distances are so great that automobiles are necessities, not luxuries. As we have noted, most American frmers do not live in villages but are sometimes kilometers from their nearest neighbor and even hundreds of kilometers from a town. Large-scale farming is common in many parts of the United States today, but it did not become profitable until there were trucks and tractors. Trucks and cars go wherever there is a road and the more than six million kilometers of roads bring every field and bam into the circle of civilization.
4 The family automotile has helped to bring people of the United States two other things-two things which can seldom exist at the same time:community life and the privilege of privacy. In the early days of industrialization, factory workers lived close together,within walking distance of ther jobs as industries grew,more and more working lass families lived together in crowded conditions. But with the construction of longer and better roads and with the greater availability of automobiles and other means of rapid transportation,it was no longer to live close to the factory. New residential areas, suburbs, trew up outsidethe big cities and increasingly, industry and commerce concentrated in the cities. Every morning, millions of Americans dive their automobiles to work in the city, sometimes a distance of around 100 kilometers. At night they drive home to houses and apartments outside the cities, surrounded by trees and lawns.
5 Automobies and other methods of rapid transportation are also changing American industry. Instead of continuing to concentrate in the bit cities, industry is buiding factories in previously undeveloped areas. Because the means of transportation are available, it is not hard to transport people as well as materials to the places where they are needed. This factor was largely responsible for the
A Automobiles promote farming.
B Planes bring people even closer.
C Railroads unite the whole country.
D Buiding railroads is costly.
E Transportation makes it possible for workers to move out of cities.
F People can travel all over the world.
第23题 paragraph 2
第5题
The word "rudimentary" in the passage is closest in meaning to
A．thorough
B．strict
C．basic
D．occasional
第6题
The Conquest of Distance
In 1848, pioneers who crossed the American continent in their wagons made the trip in 109 days. Today a New York family can drive by automobile to San Francisco in less than a week or make the trip in several days by train, or fly there in five hours. The transportation has conquered the vastness of the land and brought together people living thousands of kilometers apart.
Railroads played a major role in uniting the far reaches of the continent. In 1830 there were only 37 kilometers of railroad track in the United States. But by 1863, two companies proposed to connect the east and west coast by a railroad all the way across the continent. Advancing eastward from California, the Central Pacific pushed forward across the desert: the Union Pacific moved slowly westward over the mountain plateaus. Finally, in 1869, the tracks of the two railroads met, and the first transcontinental railroad—the first real link between east and west—was completed.
Although the railroads brought towns and cities together, they could not go everywhere. In many parts of America, distances are so great that automobiles are necessities, not luxuries. As we have noted, most American farmers do not live in villages but are sometimes kilometers from their nearest neighbor and even hundreds of kilometers from a town. Large-scale farming is common in many parts of the United States today, but it did not become profitable until there were trucks and tractors. Trucks and cars go wherever there is a road and the more than six million kilometers of roads bring every field and barn into the circle of civilization.
The family automobile has helped to bring people of the United States two other things— two things which can seldom exist at the same time: community life and the privilege of privacy. In the early days of industrialization, factory workers lived close together, within walking distance of their jobs. As industries grew, more and more working class families lived together in crowded conditions. But with the construction of longer and better roads and with the greater availability of automobiles and other means of rapid transportation, it was no longer to live dose to the factory. New residential areas, suburbs, grew up outside the big cities and, increasingly, industry and commerce concentrated in the cities. Every morning, millions of Americans dive their automobiles to work in the city, sometimes a distance of around 100 kilometers. At night they drive home to houses and apartments outside the cities, surrounded by trees and lawns.
Automobiles and other methods of rapid transportation are also changing American industry. Instead of continuing to concentrate in the big cities, industry is building factories in previously undeveloped areas. Because the means of transportation are available, it is not hard to transport people as well as materials to the places where they are needed. This factor was largely responsible for the remarkable growth of the Pacific Coast during and after World WarⅡ. As industries built new factories in the Far West, Americans from all over the country moved west to take advantage of new jobs and new opportunities.
The airplane, too, has played a major role in uniting Americans. Only 70 years after the Wright brothers made the first successful airplane flight, the United States had move than 277,000 kilometers of regular flight routes. People and goods can now travel to every part of the country in less time than ever before. Human beings have conquered the distances which lie between them.
A. Automobiles promote farming.
B. Planes bring people even closer.
C. Railroads unite the whole country.
D. Building railroads is costly.
E. Transportation makes it possible for workers to move out of cities.
F. People can travel all over the world.
第7题
The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.
The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States.
第36题：The major problems with America’s railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in ________.
A) poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems
B) lack of financial support for development
C) limited railroad lines
D) lack of a transcontinental railroad
第8题
These men were handy with tools and knew how to handle a horse. Some of them discovered the use of rope to catch cattle and developed the lariat (套索). Their life was not an easy one. In winter, they watched over the herds and in the springtime they selected cattle for market often driving herds of them hundreds of miles to the nearest town. The cattle were then sold to buyers and the routine would start all over again.
His workday was long beginning before sunrise and lasting well into the night. His best friend was his horse and he spent most of his waking hours in the saddle. His speech was a mixture of Spanish and English and at night by a campfire he wove his speech into songs about life on the prairie.
A great boon to the life of the cowboy was the building of the railroads which connected eastern cities to those out West. In 1866, when the Kansas and Pacific railroad reached the small dusty village of Abilene in Kansas, the life of the cowboy was connected to the rest of the country. Hundreds of small cow towns grew up along the old trails which led the cattle to market, and thus the west became integrated into the economic life of the country.
Today the life of the cowboy is quite different from those early days after the Civil War. Helicopters rather than horses are now used to round up the cattle and modern technology used in the ranches has made the cowboy's life less formidable(难对付的). Yet, the legends which surround him continue to make his image as the masterful hero of the Wild West.
What situation existed in Texas by the end of the Civil War？
A．The land was filled with cowboys.
B．The land was full of wild cattle.
C．The land was fertile for grazing.
D．The land was at peace again.
第9题
A．highly enthusiastic
B．both positive and negative
C．unchanging
D．disinterested
第10题
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a group that was opposed to railroads？
A．Political figures.
B．Inn holders.
C．Businessmen.
D．Some interest groups.
第11题
A．They were protected by a strong United States Navy.
B．They were supported by a well-developed railroad.
C．Most crew members had experience on foreign ships.
D．As part owners of the ships, captains got some of the profits.
