[A] regularly [B]actually [C] hardly [D]probably

—Look at the statements and the company news reports below.

—Which news reports (A,B,C or D)does each statement 1—7 refer to？

—For each sentence 1-7, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet.

—You will need to use some of the letters more than once.

A

Marketing Secretary

We are seeking a brilliantly organised and mature department secretary to act as PA to the Head of Marketing and provide administrative support to three other busy department heads. The successful applicant must have strong secretarial skill and knowledge of up-to-date information technology. A good sense of humour and excellent communication skills are essential.

B

Science Marketing Assistant

This position would suit a recent science graduate with an interest in developing a career in marketing in publishing environment. Marketing experience is preferable but not essential as full training will be given. The company also has a strong internal recruitment policy.

C

Assistant Museum Manager

Reporting directly to the Manager. Your role will be to help improve visitor services. The flexible 35-hour week will regularly involve working weekends and evenings. Previous experience of working in a similar role is required. This is initially a one-year appointment but may be extended.

D

International Management Consultant

Suitable bilingual applicants will have worked in a similar position here or abroad for at least two years. Excellent communication and presentation skills are vital, as is the willingness to invest the necessary time in order to succeed in a highly competitive and challenging market.

This job would be unsuitable if you were looking for long-term employment.

Narcotic Addiction (麻醉品依赖)

Heroin(海洛因)addiction today is found chiefly among young people in ghetto areas(贫农区) , of the more than 60, 000 known addicts, more than half live in New York State. Most of these live in New York City. Recent figures show that more than half of the addicts are less than 30 years of age.

Narcotic(麻醉剂)addiction in the United States is not limited to heroin users. Some middle-aged and older persons who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted. So do some people who can get drugs easily, such as doctors, nurses and druggists. Studies show that this type of addict has personality and emotional problems very similar to those of other regular narcotic users.

Many addicts admit that getting a continued supply is the main objective of their lives. His concentration on getting drugs often prevents .the addict from continuing his education or his job. His health is often poor. He may be sick one day from effects of withdrawal(撤退，这里指不吸毒) and sick the next from an overdose(吸毒过量). Statistics show that his life span(寿命) may be shorted by 15～20 years. He is usually in trouble with his family and almost always in trouble with the law.

Some studies suggest that many of the known narcotic addicts had some trouble with the law before they became addicted. Once addicted, they may even become more involved with crime because it costs so much to support the heroin habit.

Most authorities agree that the addict's involvement with crime is not a direct effect of the drug itself. Turning to crime is usually the only way he has of getting that much money. His crimes are always thefts or other crimes against property.

Federal penalties for illegal usage of narcotics were established under the Harrison Act(哈里森法案令) of 1914. The Act provides(规定) that illegal possession of narcotics is punished by fines or imprisonment. Sentences can range from 2～10 years for further offences.

Illegal sale of narcotics can mean a fine of $ 20, 000 and a sentence from 20～40 years for later offences. A person who sells narcotics to someone under 18 is refused parole(假释)and probation (假释和缓刑), even for the first offences. If the drug is heroin, he can be sentenced to life imprisonment or to death.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the first paragraph？

A．The biggest state for addicts in the U. S..

B．The age group of drug addicts.

C．The place where most drag addicts live.

D．The cause of drug abuse.

Narcoticy Addiction(麻醉品依赖)

Heroin (NIACIN) addiction today is found chiefly among young people in ghetto areas(贫民区)． Of the more than． 60 000 known addicts, more than,half live in New York State． Most of these live in New York City． Recent figures show that more than half of the addicts are less than 30 years of age．

Narcotic(麻醉剂)addiction in the United States is not limited to heroin users． Some middle-aged and older persons who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted． So do some people who can get drugs easily, such as doctors．, nurses and druggists． Studies show that this type of addict has personality and emotional problems very similar to those of other regular narcotic users．

Many addicts admit that getting a continued supply is the main objective of their lives． His concentration on getting drugs often prevents the addict from continuing his education or his job． His health is often poor． He may be sick one day from effects of withdrawal(撤退，这里指不吸毒)and sick the next from an overdose(吸毒过量)． Statistics show that his life span(寿命)may be shorted by 15 to 20 years． He is usually in trouble with his family and almost always in trouble with the law．

Some studies suggest that many of the known narcotic addicts had some trouble with the law before they became addicted． Once addicted, they may even become more involved with crime because it costs so much to support the heroin habit．

Most authorities agree that the addict's involvement with crime is not a direct effect of the drug itself． Turning to crime is usually the only way he has of getting that much money． His crimes are always thefts or other crimes against property．

Federal penalties for illegal usage of narcotics were established under the Harrison Act(哈里森法案令 ) of 1914． The Act provides(规定) that illegal possession of narcotics is punished by fines and/or imprisonment． Sentences can range from 2 to 10 years for further offences．

Illegal sale of narcotics can mean a fine of $ 20 000 and a sentence from 20 to 40 years for later offences． A person who sells narcotics to someone under 18 is refused parole(假释) and probation(假释和缓刑), even for the first offences． If the drug is heroin, he can be sentenced to life imprisonment or to death．

第 41 题 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the first paragraph？

A．The biggest state for addicts in the U． S．

B．The age group of drug addicts．

C．The place where most drug addicts live．

D．The cause of drug abuse．

ck should not be one. Uncle Sam supposedly took care of that with a law saying civilians turned soldiers cannot be fired for serving their country—or denied the right to sue in federal court.

That is why returning veterans should hear the story of Michael Garrett. Thirteen years ago, Captain Garrett of the US Marine Corps traded his camouflage utility uniform. for the business-casual dress of a Circuit City service manager. The electronics company was booming, and Garrett could still get his dose of a soldier's life as a member of the Marine Reserve. For almost a decade, Garrett ascended the company's ranks. But in October 2002, with war in Iraq near certain, his bosses asked whether he would go on active duty, according to Garrett. He said it was possible, and within weeks, the sniping began, his department took too long with repairs, one boss said, and its work was sometimes shoddy. Then, on March 17—two days before the US invaded Iraq—Garrett got fired.

The company declined to comment, saying only that it "supported the mission and values of the United States Armed Forces". But Garrett said the timing was no coincidence, he lost his job because of his military status. If true, that would violate a 1994 federal law. So Garrett sued Circuit City, only to see it spring yet another surprise.

Garrett, the company said, had to take his case to private arbitration, a quasi-legal process offering sharply limited rights. Garrett acknowledged that his employment contract required arbitration, but he argued that the 1994 Act overrode the contract. A federal judge in Dallas agreed in 2004, just before Garrett was activated for a 10-month tour in the Horn of Africa. Last year, though, the US Court of Appeals in New Orleans reversed that decision, becoming the first court to rule that a contract crafted to help employers trump the law designed to protect the rights of veterans. "That just blows me away," says Garrett, whose case heads for arbitration.

No one knows how many veterans are in a similar bind, but the numbers are substantial—and will grow as more troops return home. Complaints under the 1994 Act have increased steadily, to more than 1,500 in 2006 from about 800 in 2001. Some have become lawsuits, and employers may have tried to steer many toward arbitration, since about one-fifth of US companies require the procedure for workplace disputes. In defense of employers, it's not easy reserving jobs for workers called to active duty. But Congress judged that the cost was worth the peace of mind of citizen soldiers, willing to sacrifice their time and perhaps lives to the military. Like predecessor statutes dating from 1940, the 1994 Act's broad protections rest on the promise of a federal jury trial—with rights to evidence, a fair hearing and an appeal—if an employer fails to comply.

Companies like Circuit City say binding arbitration is faster and cheaper than going to court, though studies have cast doubt on both claims. What really bugs employees are the rights they lose in arbitration—and the apparent bias of arbitrators. There are strict limits on gathering evidence for arbitration hearings, and it is virtually impossible to appeal them. Arbitrators don't necessarily have to follow the law, and studies suggest they favor companies that regularly hire them. Still, the courts generally uphold arbitration clauses unless a law makes absolutely clear that the employee can go to court, arbitration be damned. That pretty much describes the 1994 Act, as three federal courts have ruled.

But the magic of law is that even federal judges can give it surprising twists, as the court of appeals judges did in Garrett's case. Sure, they explained, the Act says the rights it grants can't be limited. But the judges said that referred to "substantive rights" like t

A．show that a large number of returned veterans are at the risk of losing their jobs

B．condemn Circuit City company's unjustified dismission of its people

C．introduce the issue of conflicts between American companies and their staff

D．to explain why veterans are getting fired by their companies

【R3】

A. MAKE ONE POINT PER E-MAIL.

B. INTERNAL E-MAIL.

C. SPECIFY THE RESPONSE YOU WANT.

D. SUBJECT LINES ARE HEADLINES.

E. BE A GOOD CORRESPONDENT. WHEN YOU"RE TRYING TO LOCATE SOME INFORMATION IN AN E-MAIL SOMEONE SENT YOU A FEW WEEKS BACK, WHAT HELPS YOU FIND IT QUICKLY？ IF THE SENDER INCLUDED THE INFORMATION YOU WANT IN A LONG MESSAGE COVERING LOTS OF POINTS, THE CHANCES ARE THAT IT WILL TAKE YOU TIME TO FIND IT. WORSE, IF THE SENDER IS SOMEONE YOU COMMUNICATE WITH REGULARLY, AND HE OR SHE JUST PRESSED REPLY TO A PREVIOUS MESSAGE ABOUT A DIFFERENT POINT, THE HEADING OF THE MAIL YOU NEED WON"T ACTUALLY BE RELATED TO THE INFORMATION YOU WANT. THERE ARE A FEW SIMPLE RULES TO ENSURE THAT YOUR E-MAILS ARE READ IN THE FIRST PLACE AND STAY USEFUL TO THE RECIPIENT. 【R1】______ THE HEADLINE IN A NEWSPAPER DOES TWO THINGS: IT GRABS YOUR ATTENTION AND INFORMS YOU WHAT THE ARTICLE IS ABOUT SO YOU CAN DECIDE WHETHER YOU WANT TO READ FURTHER. E-MAIL SUBJECT LINES NEED TO DO THE SAME THIN

G. USE THE SUBJECT LINE TO INFORM. THE RECEIVER OF EXACTLY WHAT THE E-MAIL IS ABOUT IN A FEW WELL-CHOSEN WORDS. YOU MIGHT INCLUDE A CALL TO ACTION SUCH AS "PLEASE RESPOND BY 7 NOVEMBER", AND IF YOUR MESSAGE IS ONE OF A REGULAR SERIES OF MAILS, SUCH AS A WEEKLY PROJECT REPORT, INCLUDE THE DATE IN THE SUBJECT LINE TOO. BECAUSE EVERYONE GETS E-MAILS THEY DO NOT WANT(SPAM), APPROPRIATE USE OF THE SUBJECT LINE INCREASES THE CHANCES YOUR E-MAIL WILL BE READ AND NOT DELETED WITHOUT SO MUCH AS A GLANC

E. OF COURSE, JUST AS IT WOULD BE RIDICULOUS TO PUBLISH A NEWSPAPER WITHOUT HEADLINES, NEVER LEAVE THE SUBJECT LINE BLAN

K. 【R2】______ THE BEAUTY OF E-MAIL, COMPARED WITH LETTERS, IS THAT IT DOESN"T COST ANY MORE TO SEND SEVERAL MAILS THAN IT DOES TO SEND ON

E. SO, IF YOU NEED TO COMMUNICATE WITH SOMEONE ABOUT SEVERAL MATTERS, WRITE A SEPARATE E-MAIL ON EACH SUBJECT. THAT WAY YOUR CORRESPONDENT CAN REPLY TO EACH ONE IN THE APPROPRIATE TIME-FRAM

E. ONE TOPIC MIGHT ONLY REQUIRE A SHORT REPLY THAT HE OR SHE CAN MAKE STRAIGHT AWAY. ANOTHER TOPIC MIGHT REQUIRE MORE RESEARC

H. BY WRITING SEPARATE E-MAILS, YOU GET CLEARER ANSWERS. HOWEVER, AS WITH TRADITIONAL BUSINESS LETTERS, THE E-MAIL SHOULD BE CLEAR AND CONCISE, WITH THE PURPOSE OF THE E-MAIL DETAILED IN THE VERY FIRST PARAGRAP

H. SENTENCES SHOULD BE KEPT SHORT AND TO THE POINT. 【R3】______ MAKE SURE TO INCLUDE ANY CALL TO ACTION YOU DESIRE, SUCH AS A PHONE CALL OR FOLLOW-UP APPOINTMENT. THEN, MAKE SURE YOU INCLUDE YOUR CONTACT INFORMATION, INCLUDING YOUR NAME, TITLE, AND PHONE NUMBERS. DO THIS EVEN WITH INTERNAL MESSAGES: THE EASIER YOU MAKE IT FOR SOMEONE ELSE TO RESPOND, THE MORE LIKELY THEY ARE TO DO SO. 【R4】______ IF YOU REGULARLY CORRESPOND USING E-MAIL, MAKE SURE TO CLEAN OUT YOUR E-MAIL INBOX AT LEAST ONCE EACH DAY. THIS IS A SIMPLE ACT OF COURTESY AND WILL ALSO SERVE TO ENCOURAGE SEND-ERS TO RETURN YOUR E-MAILS IN A TIMELY MANNER. IF A LENGTHY RESPONSE IS REQUIRED TO AN E-MAIL, BUT YOU DON"T HAVE THE TIME TO PULL TOGETHER THE INFORMATION REQUIRED NOW, SEND A HOLDING REPLY SAYING THAT YOU HAVE RECEIVED THE MESSAGE, AND INDICATING WHEN YOU WILL RESPOND FULLY. ALWAYS SET YOUR OUT OF OFFICE AGENT WHEN YOU ARE GOING TO BE AWAY FROM YOUR E-MAIL FOR A DAY OR MORE, WHETHER ON LEAVE OR BECAUSE YOU"RE AT MEETINGS. 【R5】______ INTERNAL E-MAIL SHOULD BE CHECKED REGULARLY THROUGHOUT THE WORKING DAY AND RETURNED IN A MUCH QUICKER MANNER AS IT OFTEN INVOLVES TIMELY PROJECTS, IMMEDIATE UPDATES, MEETING NOTES, AND SO O

N. NONETHELESS, INTERNAL E-MAILS, JUST LIKE OTHER E-MAILS, SHOULD NOT BE INFORMAL. REMEMBER, THESE ARE WRITTEN FORMS OF COMMUNICATION THAT CAN BE PRINTED OUT AND VIEWED BY OTHERS THAN THOSE ORIGINALLY INTENDED FOR. ALWAYS USE YOUR SPELL CHECKER, AND AVOID SLAN

G. SINCE READING FROM A SCREEN IS MORE DIFFICULT THAN READING FROM PAPER, THE STRUCTURE AND LAY OUT IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR E-MAIL MESSAGES. USE SHORT PARAGRAPHS AND BLANK LINES BETWEEN EACH PARAGRAP

H. WHEN MAKING POINTS, NUMBER THEM OR MARK EACH POINT AS SEPARATE TO KEEP THE OVERVIEW.

A.regularly

B.actually

C.hardly

D.probably

【R5】

A. MAKE ONE POINT PER E-MAIL.

B. INTERNAL E-MAIL.

C. SPECIFY THE RESPONSE YOU WANT.

D. SUBJECT LINES ARE HEADLINES.

E. BE A GOOD CORRESPONDENT. WHEN YOU"RE TRYING TO LOCATE SOME INFORMATION IN AN E-MAIL SOMEONE SENT YOU A FEW WEEKS BACK, WHAT HELPS YOU FIND IT QUICKLY？ IF THE SENDER INCLUDED THE INFORMATION YOU WANT IN A LONG MESSAGE COVERING LOTS OF POINTS, THE CHANCES ARE THAT IT WILL TAKE YOU TIME TO FIND IT. WORSE, IF THE SENDER IS SOMEONE YOU COMMUNICATE WITH REGULARLY, AND HE OR SHE JUST PRESSED REPLY TO A PREVIOUS MESSAGE ABOUT A DIFFERENT POINT, THE HEADING OF THE MAIL YOU NEED WON"T ACTUALLY BE RELATED TO THE INFORMATION YOU WANT. THERE ARE A FEW SIMPLE RULES TO ENSURE THAT YOUR E-MAILS ARE READ IN THE FIRST PLACE AND STAY USEFUL TO THE RECIPIENT. 【R1】______ THE HEADLINE IN A NEWSPAPER DOES TWO THINGS: IT GRABS YOUR ATTENTION AND INFORMS YOU WHAT THE ARTICLE IS ABOUT SO YOU CAN DECIDE WHETHER YOU WANT TO READ FURTHER. E-MAIL SUBJECT LINES NEED TO DO THE SAME THIN

G. USE THE SUBJECT LINE TO INFORM. THE RECEIVER OF EXACTLY WHAT THE E-MAIL IS ABOUT IN A FEW WELL-CHOSEN WORDS. YOU MIGHT INCLUDE A CALL TO ACTION SUCH AS "PLEASE RESPOND BY 7 NOVEMBER", AND IF YOUR MESSAGE IS ONE OF A REGULAR SERIES OF MAILS, SUCH AS A WEEKLY PROJECT REPORT, INCLUDE THE DATE IN THE SUBJECT LINE TOO. BECAUSE EVERYONE GETS E-MAILS THEY DO NOT WANT(SPAM), APPROPRIATE USE OF THE SUBJECT LINE INCREASES THE CHANCES YOUR E-MAIL WILL BE READ AND NOT DELETED WITHOUT SO MUCH AS A GLANC

E. OF COURSE, JUST AS IT WOULD BE RIDICULOUS TO PUBLISH A NEWSPAPER WITHOUT HEADLINES, NEVER LEAVE THE SUBJECT LINE BLAN

K. 【R2】______ THE BEAUTY OF E-MAIL, COMPARED WITH LETTERS, IS THAT IT DOESN"T COST ANY MORE TO SEND SEVERAL MAILS THAN IT DOES TO SEND ON

E. SO, IF YOU NEED TO COMMUNICATE WITH SOMEONE ABOUT SEVERAL MATTERS, WRITE A SEPARATE E-MAIL ON EACH SUBJECT. THAT WAY YOUR CORRESPONDENT CAN REPLY TO EACH ONE IN THE APPROPRIATE TIME-FRAM

E. ONE TOPIC MIGHT ONLY REQUIRE A SHORT REPLY THAT HE OR SHE CAN MAKE STRAIGHT AWAY. ANOTHER TOPIC MIGHT REQUIRE MORE RESEARC

H. BY WRITING SEPARATE E-MAILS, YOU GET CLEARER ANSWERS. HOWEVER, AS WITH TRADITIONAL BUSINESS LETTERS, THE E-MAIL SHOULD BE CLEAR AND CONCISE, WITH THE PURPOSE OF THE E-MAIL DETAILED IN THE VERY FIRST PARAGRAP

H. SENTENCES SHOULD BE KEPT SHORT AND TO THE POINT. 【R3】______ MAKE SURE TO INCLUDE ANY CALL TO ACTION YOU DESIRE, SUCH AS A PHONE CALL OR FOLLOW-UP APPOINTMENT. THEN, MAKE SURE YOU INCLUDE YOUR CONTACT INFORMATION, INCLUDING YOUR NAME, TITLE, AND PHONE NUMBERS. DO THIS EVEN WITH INTERNAL MESSAGES: THE EASIER YOU MAKE IT FOR SOMEONE ELSE TO RESPOND, THE MORE LIKELY THEY ARE TO DO SO. 【R4】______ IF YOU REGULARLY CORRESPOND USING E-MAIL, MAKE SURE TO CLEAN OUT YOUR E-MAIL INBOX AT LEAST ONCE EACH DAY. THIS IS A SIMPLE ACT OF COURTESY AND WILL ALSO SERVE TO ENCOURAGE SEND-ERS TO RETURN YOUR E-MAILS IN A TIMELY MANNER. IF A LENGTHY RESPONSE IS REQUIRED TO AN E-MAIL, BUT YOU DON"T HAVE THE TIME TO PULL TOGETHER THE INFORMATION REQUIRED NOW, SEND A HOLDING REPLY SAYING THAT YOU HAVE RECEIVED THE MESSAGE, AND INDICATING WHEN YOU WILL RESPOND FULLY. ALWAYS SET YOUR OUT OF OFFICE AGENT WHEN YOU ARE GOING TO BE AWAY FROM YOUR E-MAIL FOR A DAY OR MORE, WHETHER ON LEAVE OR BECAUSE YOU"RE AT MEETINGS. 【R5】______ INTERNAL E-MAIL SHOULD BE CHECKED REGULARLY THROUGHOUT THE WORKING DAY AND RETURNED IN A MUCH QUICKER MANNER AS IT OFTEN INVOLVES TIMELY PROJECTS, IMMEDIATE UPDATES, MEETING NOTES, AND SO O

N. NONETHELESS, INTERNAL E-MAILS, JUST LIKE OTHER E-MAILS, SHOULD NOT BE INFORMAL. REMEMBER, THESE ARE WRITTEN FORMS OF COMMUNICATION THAT CAN BE PRINTED OUT AND VIEWED BY OTHERS THAN THOSE ORIGINALLY INTENDED FOR. ALWAYS USE YOUR SPELL CHECKER, AND AVOID SLAN

G. SINCE READING FROM A SCREEN IS MORE DIFFICULT THAN READING FROM PAPER, THE STRUCTURE AND LAY OUT IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR E-MAIL MESSAGES. USE SHORT PARAGRAPHS AND BLANK LINES BETWEEN EACH PARAGRAP

H. WHEN MAKING POINTS, NUMBER THEM OR MARK EACH POINT AS SEPARATE TO KEEP THE OVERVIEW.

5. Its primary purpose—and greatest benefit to its members—is to maintain world peace. That, in turn, helps encourage business and international trade. In addition to that primary mission, the UN serves its member countries in a variety of other ways. The UN provides a forum for countries to promote their views and settle conflicts without violence, It allows countries to cooperate to solve world problems, such as poverty, disease, and environmental degradation. It serves as a symbol of international order and global identity. It promotes and coordinates economic and social progress in developing countries, with the idea that such problems create sources of conflict that can lead to war. The UN helps coordinate the work of hundreds of agencies and programs, both within its own organization and outside it. It also collects and publishes international data.

The UN is the result of a long history of efforts to promote international cooperation. In the late 18th century, German philosopher Immanuel Kant proposed a federation or "league" of the world's nations. Kant believed that such a federation would allow countries to unite and punish any nation that committed an act of aggression. This type of union by nations to protect each other against an aggressor is sometimes referred to as collective security. Kant also felt that the federation would protect the rights of small nations that often become pawn (被人利用者) in power straggles between larger countries. The UN's charter established six distinct bodies that serve different functions: (1) the General Assembly, (2) the Security Council, (3) the Secretariat (秘书处), (4) the Economic and Social Council, (5) the International Court of Justice, and (6) the Trusteeship (信托投资理事会) Council.

The UN started in 1945 with 51 founding members—including the 50 countries that had attended the San Francisco conference, and Poland, which was not at the conference but signed the charter later. New members are admitted to the UN on the recommendation of the Security Council by a two-thirds vote of the General Assembly. Membership is open to any country that supports the UN's mission and is willing to follow the rules and responsibilities specified in the charter. In its early years, Western countries dominated the ON and the General Assembly regularly sided with the United States. The Soviet Union provided a balance to Western influence by using its veto (否决) power in the Security Council.

What is the main purpose of the UN？

A．To maintain local peace.

B．To maintain world peace.

C．To encourage business.

D．To encourage international trade.

[A] regularly

[B] gradually

[C]slightly

[D] suddenly