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On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies
A.deny the existence of mobile phone radiation
B.hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry abou
C.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation
D.try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health
答案
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第1题
On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies______.
A．deny the existence of mobile phone radiation
B．develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation
C．try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health
D．hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about
第2题
On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies
A.deny the existence of mobile phone radiation.
B.hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about
C.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.
D.try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.
第3题
Corporations issue new securities in the primary market, usually with the help of investment bankers. In the primary market, corporations receive the proceeds of stock sales. Thereafter, they are not involved in the trading of stocks. Owners of stocks trade them on a stock exchange in the secondary market.
In the secondary market, investors, not companies, earn the profits or bear the losses resulting from their trades. Stock exchanges encourage investment by providing this secondary market. By allowing investors to sell securities, exchanges increase the safety of investing.
Stock exchanges also encourage investment in other ways. They protect investors by upholding rules and regulations that ensure buyers will be treated fairly and receive exactly what they pay for. Exchanges also support state-of-the-art technology and business of brokering, which both help traders to buy and sell securities quickly and efficiently.
第4题
【M1】
第5题
Automation
The term automation was coined around 1946 by the automobile industry to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in mechanized production lines. Today, it is widely used in a manufacturing context but is also applied outside of manufacturing in connection with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligence. An operation is commonly described as automated if it is Substantially more automatic than its predecessor.
In its most general usage, automation can be defined as a technology concerned with carrying out a process by means of programmed commands combined with the automatic feedback of data relating to the execution of those commands. The resulting system is capable of operating without human intervention. The development of this technology has become increasingly dependent on the use of computers and computer-related technologies. As a consequence, automated systems have become sophisticated and complex. Advanced systems of this sort now represent a level of capability and performance that surpass in many ways the abilities of humans to accomplish the same activities.
Automation technology has matured to a point where a number of other technologies have developed from it and have achieved a recognition and status of their own. Robotics is one such technology. It is a specialized branch of automation in which the automated machine possesses certain characteristics. The most typical humanlike characteristic of a modern industrial robot is its powered mechanical arm. The robot's arm can be programmed to do a sequence of motions to perform. useful tasks, such as loading and unloading parts at a production machine or making a sequence of spot-welds on the body of an automobile. The robot will repeat the motion pattern until it is reprogrammed to perform. some alternative task. As these examples of robot applications suggest, an industrial robot is typically used to replace a human worker in a factory operation.
The field of robotics has its roots in the development of automation technology. Numerical control (NC) and telecherics are two important areas of technology that constitute the foundations of robotics technology.
Over the years, the social merits of automation have been argued by labour leaders, government officials, business executives, and college professors. No doubt the biggest controversy has focused on the employment issue: What is the effect of automation on employment？ There are other important aspects of the automation issue as well, including its effect on productivity, economic competition, education, and quality of life.
The advantages commonly attributed to automation include increased production rates, more efficient use of materials, better product quality, improved safety, shorter workweeks for labour, and reduction of factory lead times.
Automated machines are usually designed to operate at higher production rates than humans are capable of achieving. This increased productivity has been one of the biggest reasons for justifying the adoption of automated systems. Notwithstanding the claims of high quality from good workmanship by humans, automated systems are generally capable of carrying out the manufacturing process with less variability that humans make, thus yielding greater control and consistency of product quality. In addition, the increased process control makes possible more efficient use of materials, resulting in less waste.
Automated manufacturing systems often, remove workers from the workplace, thus safeguarding them against hazards in the work environment. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) was enacted with the objective of making work safer and protecting the physical well-being of the worker on a
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第6题
&8226;Which section (A, B, C, or D) does each statement 1--7 refer to？
&8226;For each statement 1--7, mark one letter (A, B, G, or D) on your Answer Sheet.
&8226;You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
A
Lawyers for State Farm policyholders complaining about after-market parts had asked for more than $ 5.4 billion in damages in a class action. The suit accused the State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. of breaching its contract with policyholders to restore their cars to their pre-accident conditions. The lawsuit combined the potential claims of $ 4.7 million current and former State Farm policyholders. Plaintiffs sought $1.4 billion on the breach of contract and about $ 4 billion on the other counts.
B
At issue before the jury was use of parts such as door panels, hoods and fenders that were modeled on original parts produced by or for automakers but made without use of original specifications. About 15 percent of all crash-repair parts used last year were after-market replacements, according to insurance and auto-body repair groups. Critics claimed such parts failed to provide the same fit corrosion protection and, in some cases, safety as more expensive parts made for automakers.
C
State Farm said the use of the parts did not affect driver's safety and helped hold down premiums. During trial, State Farm lawyers said the use of after-market parts saved policyholders more than $ 233 million in premiums in 1998. Meanwhile, the company's spokesman said the company wouldn't immediately change its policy, but he added that was not to say it wouldn't review its policy at some time.
D
A decision on parts of the suit was still pending while the jury has ordered State Farm to pay $ 456 million for allegedly cheating customers by ordering body shops to use substandard repair parts. Industry analysts and some consumer advocates have said a large verdict against State Farm could reduce the use of after-market parts in the auto-repair business and drive up the price of crash repairs. The verdict was also considered a great victory for policyholders and the body-shop industry as a whole plaintiff.
The decision against State Farm made by the jury would result in the reduction of imitation parts when making repairs.
第7题
Representatives of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association argued that the Federal Aviation Administration has not adequately prepared for the wave of retirements expected to hit the industry in coming years.
Nearly half of the nation's controllers—about 7,100—may retire during the next nine years, according to a U. S. Department of Transportation report. That's more than three times the number of controllers who have left in the past eight years.
"If the FAA does not hire large numbers of controllers immediately, there will be a necessary, significant increase in delays and, unfortunately, maybe even a reduction in the margin of safety," said Mark Sherry, alternate Western Pacific regional vice president of the Air Traffic Controllers Association.
Sherry, a controller at San Francisco International Airport, joined other local union representatives at a news conference in Fremont—part of a nationwide NATCA public awareness drive leading up to a U. S. Senate Appropriations Committee vote next month on FAA funding.
The association and a bipartisan group of senators is calling on the committee to authorize $14 million for the FAA to begin hiring, saying 1,000 new controllers a year are needed to help stem the expected flood of retirees—those hired after 12,000 striking workers were fired by former President Reagan in 1981.
But FAA officials say only about one-quarter of controllers traditionally retire when they first become eligible, and there won't be a mass exodus of controllers at any one time.
FAA spokesman Donn Walker said the agency expects to see a large number of retirements when eligibility peaks in 2007, but denied there is a crisis. The agency will be ready to deal with the issue, he said.
"There is no staffing crisis, and there is no shortage of air traffic controllers," he said.
FAA Administrator Marion Blakey said in June that the agency would present Congress with a plan by December to deal with the expected retirements, and Walker flatly denied NATCA' s gloomy predictions.
"They (NATCA representatives) have a crystal ball, I guess, that I don't have. They're making all these sort of wild predictions that don't have any basis in fact... We have the world's safest aviation system, and we will continue to have the world's safest aviation system. We will not do anything to jeopardize safety, despite what some people may tell you. "
However, Jeff Tilley, president of the NATCA local at the Oakland Air Route Traffic Control Center in Fremont, said the center already is facing a staffing crunch.
"At Oakland Center, we do not have a looming staffing crisis—we are in the middle of one," Tilley said. "We have already had days when we have been forced to curtail services and limit the efficiency of airline operations due to staffing shortages. "
The center, which is responsible for 18.8 million square miles of airspace, has 191 fully trained controllers and 57 trainees—20 short of the 268 it is authorized to have, Tilley said. Twenty-nine of the controllers are eligible for retirement and could leave at any time, and 25 more are scheduled to transfer.
In the past eight years, about ______ controllers have retired.
A．14,200
B．7,100
C．3,550
D．2,300
第8题
All in all, it is quite hard to say whether we should be accepting these new technological advances or whether we should be sticking to the traditional model of sport. We are currently in the middle of both drug use and the use of new and innovative equipment as far as I can tell. Where are we going to progress from here？ Are athletes actually going to put microchips in their brain in order to attain an athletic title？ The future holds many options for the outlook of sport, and it will be interesting to address tradition in sport in the years to come.
What the author discussed in the previous sections is most probably about ______.
A．various performance-improving drugs
B．the development of modern technology
C．innovative equipment in the sports field
D．technological influences on other people
第9题
First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.
It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.
The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.
1.the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to
A.stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.
B.highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.
C.explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.
D.emphasis the importance of privacy protection.
2.which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport？
A.New restrictions on carry-on bags.
B.The declining efficiency of the TSA.
C.An increase in the number of travelers.
D.Frequent unexpected secret checks.
3.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to
A.faster.
B.quieter.
C.wider.
D.cheaper.
4.One problem with the PreCheck program is
A.A dramatic reduction of its scale.
B.Its wrongly-directed implementation.
C.The government's reluctance to back it.
D.An unreasonable price for enrollment.
5.Which of the following would be the best title for the text？
A.Less Screening for More Safety
B.PreCheck-a Belated Solution
C.Getting Stuck in Security Lines
D.Underused PreCheck Lanes
