STEM stands for ().
A.scociology, technology, engineering, maths
B.science, technology, engineering, medicine
C.science, technology, engineering, math
D.science, technology, electronics, math
A.scociology, technology, engineering, maths
B.science, technology, engineering, medicine
C.science, technology, engineering, math
D.science, technology, electronics, math
第2题
To Save Trees, Fighting One Alien Insect with Others
Rusty Rhea sighs wistfully as he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid a grove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia, some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old.
"This is a very special tree," said Rhea, an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Health Protection program in Asheville, North Carolina. "I was brought up here, and I don't want to see another species go by the wayside."
The evergreen trees, a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks, are under attack by an invasive insect barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern United States' old-growth forests.
Already the tiny bug from Japan, known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginia's Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee.
The hemlocks shade streams, keeping water temperatures just right for brook trout(鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler, solitary vireo, and northern goshawk, all three of which mainly shelter in stands of hemlock trees.
Because of the insect's broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia, HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight(枯萎病) of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States to the southern Appalachian Mountains.
In addition, a species related to HWA, the balsam woolly adelgid, has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies.
Acting Quickly
HWA arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader had been found in Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states.
The key to killing the HWA is to catch it early and act quickly. It's already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains, where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs.
HWA multiply quickly: All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地), laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph, or crawler, stage, they are dormant from about June until October, after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees.
Winds and birds and other animals spread the crawlers through the forest.
HWA crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches, sucking the sap, and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die, depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis.
An infected tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white, cottonlike material that appears along a tree's twigs or by the "baldness" of a tree's upper branches.
Plans of Attack
In the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures' feeding, and in the cold northeast, winters seem to keep them at bay. But in the warm southeast, with weather approximating that of the insects' native Asian homes, they thrive.
Chemical sprays--such as insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils as well as trunk or soil injections--have helped to kill some of the HWA infestations.
years at most. These methods can't be used conveniently or safely in remote areas or near the streams where hemlocks grow thickly.
Long term, the best way to control the pests appears to be releasing other insects that feed exclusively on HWA. Scientists have studied HWA in Japan and China and identified three such species.
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第4题
A suffix is an affix which appears______.
A.after the stem
B.before the stem
C.in the middle of the stem
D.below the stem
第5题
The teacher stands in front of the blackboard.
A.True
B.False
第7题
What is the fmding of Nadya Fouad? 查看材料
A.Women lack confidence in STEM fields.
B.Women just sacrifice their STEM work for family.
C.Women face a terrible work environment in STEM fields.
D.Women dare to challenge impolite colleagues in STEM fields.
第8题
Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the stem cell research?
A.Embryonic stem cells are changeable even in the late stage.
B.Growing new hearts in a patient needs stem cells from an adult donator.
C.Research findings by a Japanese scientist might end the controversy.
D.President Obama agrees with George Bush concerning the issue.
第9题
A.R stands for loyalty.
B.It stands for disloyalty.
C.R stands for uprightness.
D.It stands for integrity.
第10题
Which of the following is NOT usually considered as a stem?
A.Careless.
B.Fair.
C.Unselfishness.
D.Responsibly.