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[主观题]

Employers and career experts see a growing problem in American society--a(n)【C1】______of c

Employers and career experts see a growing problem in American society--a(n)【C1】______of college graduates, many burdened with tuition-loan(学费贷款)debt,【C2】______into the work world with a degree that doesn't mean much【C3】______The problem isn't just a soft job market--it's a(n)【C4】______of graduates. In 1973, a bachelor's degree was more of a rarity,【C5】______just 47% of high school graduates went on to college. By October 2008, that number had【C6】______to nearly 70%. For many Americans today, a trip through college is considered as【C7】______of a birthright as a driver's license.

Employers stress that a basic degree【C8】______essential, carefully tiptoeing around the idea that its【C9】______has decreased. But they admit that the degree alone is not enough; now they【C10】______work experience as a way to make yourself【C11】______. Daniel Pink, an author on motivation【C12】______the workplace, agrees that the bachelor's degree "is necessary, but it's just not【C13】______," at times doing little more than verifying "that you can more or less show up on time and【C14】______with it." The author of A Whole New Mind: Why Right Brainers Will Rule the Future says companies want【C15】______. They're looking for people who can do【C16】______that can't be outsourced(工程外包), he says, and graduates who "don't【C17】______a lot of hand-holding."

For now, graduates can steer their careers【C18】______job growth is strong--education, health care and nonprofit programs【C19】______Teach for America, says Trudy Steinfeld, a career counselor at New York University. "Every college degree is not cookie cutter. It's what you have done during that degree to【C20】______yourself."

【C1】

A.amount

B.number

C.abundance

D.sufficiency

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更多“Employers and career experts see a growing problem in American society--a(n)【C1】______of c”相关的问题

第1题

The “war for talent” reads like headlines from many years ago, but it has never gone away says Eleanor Nickerson,

director of UK operations for Top Employers. Many companies they have researched are short of talents. Though the companies may receive many applications, they can not find the people they want.

Top Employers’ research show that offering good career chances is the key to attracting and keeping the talent. Smart employees know their own value and will want to know what their employers can offer them after five or 10 years’ career development. So, keeping staff is the biggest challenge employers face in the long run.

Yet not every employee feels that they can better their career chances. Some are still nervous about losing their jobs, despite a recent fall in unemployment, says the Trades Union Congress (TUC). TUC points out that some four-fifths of new jobs created have been in parts of the economy where average pay rates are less than £8 an hour since the recession began. Many of these jobs are on temporary or zero-hours contracts.

A report from the Office for National Statistics published in February showed that real wages have been falling consistently since 2010. It’s the longest period since at least 1964. “We’re still in the hardest living standards squeeze for over a century and those who are already working have had years of real-terms pay cuts,” says TUC spokesperson Liz Chinchen. “Understanding the pressures that staff face is a good starting point for any employer. If employers want to show concern for their staff, they should be paying them well and understand that zero-hours contracts bring insecurity and extreme money worries.”

1.According to research by Top Employers, many corporations have enough talents for their development.

2.The data shows the key to attracting talents is to offer high salary.

3.The biggest challenge for employers to is keeping staff in the long run.

4.Not all employees believe that they can get a better offer.

5.The wages have been rising consistently since 2010.

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第2题

根据下列短文,回答下列各题:A.This dual effect means that the relationship between employers

根据下列短文,回答下列各题:

根据下列短文,回答下列各题:A.This dual effect means that the re

A.This dual effect means that the relationship between employers and workers has evolved to such an extent that we can no longer expect a long-term relationship with one employer.

B.It carries an implicit assumption that we ourselves, and the jobs we enter, will change little during our working lives.

C.This growth suggests that a career plan should not be expressed only in terms of full-time employment but should make provision for the possibility of becoming one of them.

D.This is a summary of one's personal learning needs and an action plan to meet them.

E.Consequently, they must now accommodate a number of objectives and enable us to prepare for each on a contingency basis.

F.However, it warns that employers often identify training needs through formal appraisals, which take too narrow a view of development.

G.Such a freelance or consultant would be constantly in demand.

H.We were expected to work towards that one clear goal and to consider a career change as a bad thing.

回答第9空。

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第3题

?Read the article below about how to build your career.?Are sentences 16-22 on the opposit

? Read the article below about how to build your career.

? Are sentences 16-22 on the opposite page 'Right' or 'Wrong' ? If there is not enough infor-mation to answer 'Right' or 'Wrong', choose 'Doesn't Say'.

? For each sentence 16-22, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet.

Building Your Career

At one time in the United States, joining an organization meant you would most likely be employed with that same organization for life. You would start at the bottom step of the hierarchy and, through seniority, climb the ladder to success. Today the average person beginning a career in the United States will probably work in tan or more jobs for five or more employers before retiring. So getting a job after graduation is only one step toward building your career.

Employers am seeking people who are able and willing to adapt to diverse situations, who thrive in an ever-changing workplace, and who continue to learn throughout their careers. Employers want team players with strong work records. So try to gain skills you can market in various industries. Join networks of professional colleagues and friends who can help you stay informed of where your occupation, industry, and company are going. As you search for a permanent job that fulfills your career goals, take interim job assignments, consider temporary work or freelance jobs. Employers will be more willing to find (or even create) a position for someone they've learned to respect, and your temporary or freelance work gives them a chance to see what you can do.

American people used to change jobs frequently.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Doesn't Say

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第4题

&8226;Read the article below about career planning.&8226;Choose the best sentence from bel

&8226;Read the article below about career planning.

&8226;Choose the best sentence from below the passage to fill each of the blanks.

&8226;For each gap (8-12), mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;Do not use arty letter more than once.

Advice on Staff Career Development

For many employees, automatic promotion up the ranks of a company is becoming increasingly rare. A new study suggests that, in response, employers need to consider how they can help staff develop their careers.

Employers need to rethink their approach to career management completely, according to the latest research by the Institute of Employment Studies. The new study finds that in fact there is little opportunity for individual career development in many large organizations. The main reasons for this, it concludes, are the recent cuts in the number of middle-management posts, and the changes that have taken place in the responsibilities of personnel departments. The Institute of Employment Studies makes it clear that it is not good practice for companies to hand over career development-to individual employees and then simply leave them to get on with it. (8)

So how should employers help their staff develop a career? Most employees have come to accept that career development is not always the same thing as upward promotion and a higher salary. (9) They must also ensure that these opportunities are extended to all their staff and not just to selected individuals.

Nick Bridges, who is Director of Human Resources Policy at the Bank of Eastern England, believes there is more talk than action in this area. (10) One way, he believes, for companies to show how serious they are about individual learning is lo make it an official part of company practice, as the Bank of Eastern England has done. (11) This document, he points out, has made the role of managers clear, and the company has also invested huge amounts of money educating managers so that they can then train their staff.

Another company, British Chemicals. has contracted an independent organization to help staff with confidential career advice. According to John rates, the head of Individual Learning and Development at British Chemicals. there is an important role for outside agencies to play in the career management process. He adds that it is company policy for managers to give all staff 'roadmaps' which show possible career routes within the company structure. (12) This has worked especially well. he says, for staff who are used to depending on their line managers for guidance.

Many large organizations now recognize that career development cannot be regarded in isolation, and must be part of an overall business strategy. Human Resources has a real role to play in building a strong workforce which meets a company's long-term business needs and makes it more competitive.

A. Its policy statement says that by 2006, eighty percent of its stall' will have a professional qualification.

B. He argues that while Human Resources managers are saying the way forward is through self-managed learning and self-development, they are still failing to provide adequate learning resources.

C. This change of attitude means employers need to place more emphasis on giving staff the chance to develop a range of skills through horizontal job moves.

D. It points out that employees need to know what the overall company's vision is in order to achieve it.

E. The problem that often arises is that, while they are increasingly encouraged to manage their own careers, they arc not provided with the knowledge and training to do this.

F. They are able to sec that, contrary to expectations, jobs in different fields are similar

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第5题

&8226;Read the advertisement below for a recruitment exhibition.&8226;In most of the lines

&8226;Read the advertisement below for a recruitment exhibition.

&8226;In most of the lines (34-45) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.

&8226;If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LE'I-DERS on your Answer Sheet.

The Career Forum

If you work in the city centre then a visit to the Career Forum, is the city's most successful recruitment exhibition, will give you the information

34. you need to determine whether you are making up the most of yourself.

35. Currently, there are advertising many new vacancies on the job market.

36. With good skills and a healthy work record in greater demand than ever, it is

37. the ideal time to ensure that your career is being on the right track. The Career

38. Forum has been responsible for helping many thousands of the people

39. improve their job potential, and it can do something the same for you.

40. Some of the best jobs in town never reach out the advertising pages, so

41. to be Considered for one of these top jobs as they become available,

42. you will need to make closely contact with the employers' agents. The Career

43. Forum is making the perfect opportunity. It is set in an informal atmosphere

44. and there is no pressure put; you can choose which agents you talk to.

45. So if you are looking for a new job, come and join us at the Career Forum.

(34)

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第6题

College has many social attractions, some of which can be distractions. Sports, concerts,
parties, and dormitory bull(废话)sessions can be very【C1】______consuming. The temptation to stay up too late at night or sleep too late in the morning is always present, so self-discipline is an important lesson to learn. In【C2】______, many students have part-time jobs, especially in the U. S. where most students have cars and are expected to help their parents pay for【C3】______or college housing. Students and their parents may disagree on how much time should be【C4】______to studying. But they usually agree that in addition to some【C5】______and possibly some fun, one of the【C6】______of a college education should be a good job. Students who have already worked at part-time jobs have an advantage in the【C7】______market, but this is not the only way to improve ones chances. Many colleges have internships(实习)or co-op programs to give students practical【C8】______in their future careers. Others have special classes where students can practice their application forms and letters, resumes, personal statements, and employment【C9】______Most colleges have career counselors and either career days【C10】______career fairs where students can meet potential employers and learn about career alternatives. Recently many jobs have been listed on the Internet, making it easier to match students with suitable opportunities.

【C1】

A.time

B.money

C.resources

D.goods

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第7题

Career Days Employment Expo Tuesday, April 7, 10:00 a. m. --8:00 p.m.Convention CenterThe

Career Days Employment Expo

Tuesday, April 7, 10:00 a. m. --8:00 p.m.

Convention Center

The Times, your unparalleled link 【C1】______ employers and job seekers, is proud to sponsor Career Days as a service to its readers. Admission 【C2】______ Career Days is free, 【C3】______ all attendees can register for special sweepstakes prizes. Bring your resume to the Employment Expo (copy duplication available).

So come out today and meet face to face with company recruiting managers and with representatives from a variety of schools and training companies. Interviews may be conducted 【C4】______ site.

Career Days Extras!

&8226;Resume Distribution Center

Have your resume electronically distributed to all participating companies (there is a $10. 00 fee for this service).

&8226;Employment Forums

11: 30 AM Guest Speaker Jon P. Rodman, PH. D.

12:30 PM Guest Speaker Don Fleming, Times President

&8226;Career Workshop Center

1: 30 PM Applications, Resumes, and Letters

2: 30 PM Job Searching on the Internet

3: 30 PM Job Source Leads

4: 30 PM Interviewing

&8226;Career Enhancement Center

Representatives from a number of schools will be 【C5】______ hand to discuss the many beneficial programs they offer.

Career Days Presented by the Times

Directions 【C6】______ . the Convention Center: From the Harbor Expressway north 【C7】______ south, exit at 9th Street and proceed east to Flower Street. Turn right on Flower Street and right on Main Street. Turn left 【C8】______ Convention Center Drive and enter and the Convention Center's South Hall parking lot. 6.00 parking charge. 【C9】______ recorded information, call the Times 【C10】______ 1-800-555-6676.

【C1】______

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第8题

The workplace for older adults is becoming a dynamic space rather than a unidirectional jo
urney leading to retirement. The new older worker is developing a third stage of working life, the period beyond the traditional retirement age and final .disengagement from the work role.

The third age of life has been associated with choice, personal fulfillment, and liberation. Workplaces are searching for ways to increase productivity, older workers are asking for in: creased career development opportunities and yet are still neglected by most workplaces. We are going to discuss some of the misconceptions about older workers and the reality of a more active and involved older adult workforce.

There appears to be considerable variation in the concept of 'older worker' as defined by age alone. The term 'older worker' extends from 40 to 75 years of age. The concept of older worker encompasses different ages depending on the purpose of the organization as well as the needs of the worker. Age alone may not be a defining characteristic of an older worker. Per, haps becoming an older worker is more situational than chronological(按年代顺序排列的).

Retirement for future older workers is becoming an outdated notion. From a societal perspective, the issue has changed from assisting older workers to retire and use leisure time to retaining and recruiting older workers. Recruitment and retention will become a key policy issue to satisfy the increasing demands for productivity, worker shortages, and retaining corporate knowledge. From a national policy perspective, increasing work life eases the social security burden, and requires programs for reemployment and continued employment of older workers. In the future, retirement will be interspersed with older workers cycling in and out of periods of active employment. Work will become an integral part of living. In the future, baby boomers may not be able to retire due to frequent job changes, underemployment, and not having acquired a consistent retirement package such as one might earn over a working life in a one-career job.

Organizations are experiencing an attitudinal shift, seeing the value and importance of training older workers. During the past decade, advocates concentrated on convincing employers that older workers are capable of learning. Today, advocates are demonstrating that with training to maintain, enhance, or update skills, older workers are contributing to organizational productivity and may even surpass younger workers in reliability and consistency. By implementing ecological changes in training and workplace design, the productivity of older adults can be enhanced. Older adults are now viewed as assets in terms of work ethic, reliability, accuracy, and stability. However, myths about aging still arc present and some workplace supervisors(监督者)still are unsure that hiring older workers is a sound investment. Older Workers are also asking more of the workplace and asserting their right to make decisions to return or remain in the workplace based on availability of training, need to be engaged, or desire to develop a second career. Older workers are becoming entrepreneurs, beginning new businesses and hiring other older workers. Managers are advised to create meaningful work and to consider the role of work in the lifestyle. of an older adult.

There is a trend toward providing increasing career development opportunities for older workers. Career development programs for older adults are a worthwhile societal investment. Community colleges and community agencies are taking a role in providing advocacy for employment, counseling, and development of new workplace skills. Partnerships among community agencies, educational institutions, and employers are suggested as an integrated approach to retraining and for providing reentry for older workers. The continued skill development of older workers can provide workplaces wi

A.Y

B.N

C.NG

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第9题

&8226;Read the text below about the impotance of an internship. &8226;Choose the best sen

&8226;Read the text below about the impotance of an internship.

&8226;Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.

&8226;For each gap 9-14,mark one letter(A-H)on your Answer Sheet.

&8226;Do not use any Ietter more than once.

Is an internship really all that important?

In years past,it was more common for college students to take summer jobs at local retail outlets or restaurants just fo earn money,said John A.Challenger,chief executive of Challenger Gray & Christmas.But now an internship is seem as a votal first career step,he said.It can be extremely important as a way to determine which industries,companies and types of work are best for you,and as a way to secure future references and job offers.

Once starting an internship,make the most of it.Above all.be realistic.Some people approach internships with a sense of entitlement,said Mark Oldman,founder of Vault,a career Web site,and the author of several books on internships.He added.‘it's hard to go from a campus hot stuff to a corporate layman,and it's ridicuious when some interns want to come in and change everything.’ (9) .

If you feel clueless,use that to your advantage. (10) .Interns generally have more freedom than the average employee to pass across departments and hierarchies in search of help.They can gain valuable knowledge and mentors,because most people enjoy sharing their experience with a younger generation.

In general,Mr.Oldman said,‘It's important for an intern to quickly decode the culture of the company and not step outside that.’That extends to the way you dress,Mr.Challenger said.‘A lot of times when you’re younger you want to show how unique you are rather than identify with others,’he said. (11) .

In the opinion of Mr.Oldman,internships are an ideal way for employers to find out whether a new worker is suitable for a particular job. (12) .Therefore,as an intern,when you are asked to perform. tasks that are boring and unimportant,you shouldn't feel wronged by that.You should be willing to do such work because that shows you are a hard worker,said Mr.Oldman. (13) .‘Look for work,but do it gently or indirectly,and not too assertively,’Mr.Oldman added.‘do what's asked of you optimally and then offer your services for additional projects.’

Last but not least,there's something you can do to improve the chances that your internship will lead to a job offer.Before you leave,‘build a bridge to the future,’Mr.Oldman said.Go over what you learned with your managers.and tell them how much you appreciated the opportunity to work with them. (14) .That way,even if your internship does not lead to a job at that company,it will help clear a path to your eventual employer.

A.They enable employers to see who works hard,who gets along with everybody,who seems to fit Into their culture.

B.And ask whether your managers would be willing to write a letter of recommendation before you leave.

C.It is much more appropriate to approach the internship with a learning attitude,as suggested by Mr.Oldman.

D.Many interns don't attach sufficient importance to this

E.At the same time.be on the lookout for projects that will let you make good use of more advanced skills.

F.The power of curious interns can’t be overestimated.

G.In the workplace,however,you tend to be judged by your willingness to fit into the group's norms.

H.But now an internship is seen as a vital first career step,he said。

(9)

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第10题

Interests and Study Activities A narrowing of your work interests is implied in almost any

Interests and Study Activities

A narrowing of your work interests is implied in almost any transition from a study environment to managerial or professional work. In the humanities and social sciences you will at best reuse only a fraction of the material covered in three or four years' study. In most career paths academic knowledge only (51) a background to much more applied decision-making. Even with a "training" form. of degree, (52) a few of the procedures or methods (53) in your studies are likely to be continuously relevant in your work. Partly this reflects the greater specialization of most work tasks compared (54) studying. Many graduates are not (55) with the variety involved in (56) from degree study in at least four or five subjects a year (57) very standardized job demands. Academic work values individual inventiveness, originality, and the cultivation of self-realization and self-development. Emphasis is placed (58) generating new ideas and knowledge, assembling (59) information to make a "rational" decision, appreciating basic (60) and theories, and getting involved in fundamental controversies and debates. The humanistic values of higher (61) encourages the feeling of being engaged in a process with a self-developmental rhythm. (62) , even if your employers pursue enlightened personnel development (63) and invest heavily in "human capital"—for example, by rotating graduate trainees to (64) their work experiences—you are still likely to notice and feel (65) about some major restrictions of your interests and activities compared with a study environment.

(51)

A.admits

B.equips

C.states

D.forms

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