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The word "evolution" in the passage means ______.
A．gradual development
B．all living things developed from a few simple forms of life
C．giving off
D．movement of ships or soldiers, planned before hand
答案
更多“The word "evolution" in the passage means ______.A．gradual developmentB．all living things”相关的问题
第1题
A.development
B.evolution
C.cultivation
D.transformation
第2题
The word "diverged" in the passage is closest in meaning to
A．declined
B．competed
C．progressed
D．separated
第3题
Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed
Judith S. Weis, a biology professor who serves as president of the American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) is leading a nationwide effort to "defend" the theory of evolution. Weis leads the effort in the face of what the institute views as opposition and indifference from school boards and government entities.
The Institute believes that the teaching of evolution in America is being diminished by the teaching of creationism as well as by an overall lack of teaching Darwin's theory in high school. "There's nothing that requires schools to teach evolution. Sometimes teachers in high schools just leave it out. However from the point of view of biologists, evolution is the central theory of biology upon which everything is based," said Weis. "Unfortunately, teaching evolution has become a political issue in many parts of the country and AIBS, as a representative of biologists, wanted to be a major force speaking out in favor of its teaching. "
Weis said the institute is working together with the American Geological Institute and the National Association of Biology Teachers and its 80-plus member organizations to address" the political and legislative threats to teaching evolution. In states challenging its teaching, the institute responds by sending letters to school boards and state legislatures, by providing testimony at public meetings and by notifying members and affiliated organizations. AIBS, with more than 80 member societies and 250,000 members, has established an email system enabling scientists and teachers in each state, and member societies, to keep each other informed about threats to the teaching of evolution.
Darwin's theory of evolution holds that living things change and adapt to their environment and that present-day species (including human beings) are descended from earlier species through modification by natural selection. The theory has been accepted by scientists for nearly 100 years, Weis said, and has been refined, extended and strengthened over the years by findings in paleontology and developmental biology. Discoveries in genetics, molecular biology and genomics—all of which provide significant benefits for human health—would not be possible without the underlying knowledge of evolution. And, Weis adds, "modem molecular biology and genomics have increased our understanding of how evolution works." Nonetheless, evolution remains a politically, if not scientifically, controversial issue.
Weis said that this year alone, seven states have had either local or statewide efforts to water down the teaching of evolution, or "balance" it with the teaching of creationism—a religious belief that different species were created separately by a higher power, such as God. "Rarely does anyone now use the word ' creationism, ' because that's too obvious," Weis said. "The current terminology is ' intelligent design. ' "
According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements about the theory or evolution is true？
A．Government entities support AIBS's effort to defend the theory of evolution.
B．School boards oppose AIBS's effort to defend the theory of evolution.
C．AIBS and school boards advocate the teaching of the theory of evolution.
D．The theory of evolution and that of creationism co-exist peacefully in schools.
第4题
听力原文： A recent report has shown that here in the United States, we've experienced an evolution concerning our attitudes towards the workweek and the weekend. Although some calendars still mark the beginning of a week as Sunday, more and more of us are coming to regard Monday as the first day of week with Saturday and Sunday comprising the twoday period thought of as the weekend. In fact the word "weekend" didn't even exist in English until about the middle of last century. In England at that time, Saturday afternoons had just been added to Sundays and holidays as a time for workers to have off from their jobs. This innovation became common in the United States in 1920, but as the workweek shortened during the Great Depression of the 1930s, the weekend expanded to two full days Saturday and Sunday. Some people thought that this trend would continue due to increasing automation and the workweek might decrease to four days or even fewer. But so far this hasn't happened. The workweek seems to have stabilized as forty hours made up of five eighthour days. After this commercial I'll be back to talk about tile idea of adding Monday to the weekend.
(33)
A．Shifting job opportunities.
B．The evolution of the weekend.
C．Attitudes toward employment.
D．Attitudes toward leisure activities.
第5题
When Charles Darwin explained evolution (进化), the process he saw was natural selection (选择). It turns out human selection can also cause plants to evolve.
Take the case of the snow lot us, a rare (稀小的) plant that grows only high up in the Himalayas. Researchers have discovered that type of the plant has been becoming smaller over time—the one people like to pick.
A type of snow lotus called Saussurea Laniceps is used in Tibetan and Chinese medicine and is increasingly demanded by tourists. The largest plants are picked, and that occurs during their only flowering period.
The result is that only smaller, unpicked plants go to seed. Selection caused by human beings is a powerful force, according to some scientists. They studied the plants picked over time and also compared the snow lotuses growing in heavily harvested areas with those found in places where people rarely picked them.
They reported in an article that the heavily harvested snow lotuses have been getting shorter over the last century, while those in areas not picked have remained the same. They found that in the heavily harvested areas, where only the smaller plants got to reproduce, the average height was 5.3 inches. The same plants in rarely harvested areas averaged 9 inches in height. And they noted that another type of snow lotuses which is not often picked, has not been changing.
What does the word "that"(Line2, Para.3) refer to？
A．Research done by Darwin.
B．Seeds of Saussures Laniceps by natual selection.
C．The picking of Saussures Laniceps by tourists.
D．The Saussures Laniceps used in traditional Chinese medicine.
第6题
？Read the text below about television network.
？In most of the lines (41-52) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.
？If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.
？If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
Thanks to the Internet, an alternative to the traditional unhappy model of which
supplier-customer interaction is finally becoming possible. In all sorts of markets,
41．customers will soon be able to describe exactly what they want, and suppliers will be
42．able to deliver what the desired product or service without compromise or delay.
43．The innovation that will catalyze into this shift is what I call the choiceboard.
44．Choiceboards are interactive, on-line systems that allow individual customers to design for
45．their own products by choosing from a menu of attributes, or components, prices, and
46．delivery options. The customers' selections send signals to the supplier's manufacturing
47．system that set it in motion the wheels of procurement, assembly and delivery.
48．The role of the customer in this system shifts from a passive recipient to active designer.
49．That shift is just the most recent stage in the long-term evolution of the customer's role of
50．in the economy. For most of the twentieth century, the customers were "product takers" and
51．"price takers", accepting suppliers' goods at suppliers prices. Over the past two decades,
52．as customers became more sophisticated and being gained greater power over the buying process, they stopped being price takers.
(41)
第7题
【M1】
第8题
The discovery and utilization of fire, a simple energy source with many profound uses, was a turning point in the technological evolution of mankind. The exact date of its discovery is not known; evidence of burnt animal bones at the Cradle of Humankind suggests that the domestication of fire occurred before 1,000,000BCE; scholarly consensus indicates that Homo erectus had controlled fire by between 500,000BCE and 400,000BCE. Fire, fueled with wood and charcoal, allowed early humans to cook their food to increase its digestibility, thereby improving its nutrient value and broadening the number of foods that could be eaten.
Other technological advances made during the Paleolithic (旧石器时代的)era were clothing andshelter; the adoption ofboth technologies cannot be dated exactly, but they were key to humanity's progress.
As the Paleolithic era progressed, dwellings became more sophisticated and more elaborate; as early as 380,000BCE, humans were constructing temporary wood huts. Clothing, adapted from the fur and hides of hunted animals, helped humanity expand into colder regions; humans began to migrate out of Africa by 200,000BCE and into other continents.
1.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the tools？()
A.The earliest tools were developed to aid early humans.
B.The earliest direct evidence of tool usage dates back to 2.5 million years ago.
C.The history of primitive tools is older than humankind.
D.Archaeologists have uncovered tools made more than two million years ago.
2.The turning point in the technological evolution of mankind is.()
A.the use of primitive tools by humanity ancestors
B.the adaptation of clothing from the fur and hides of hunted animals
C.the discovery and utilization of fire
D.the construction of temporary wood huts
3.The technological advances in clothing and shelter.()
A.were very important to humanity's progress
B.can be dated exactly
C.can be dated as early as 380,000BCE
D.helped people to move to any places they like
4.Which of the following can best replace the word "hides” in the third paragraph？()
A.leathers
B.hairs
C.places
D.skins
5.Which of the following is the best title for this passage？()
A.The discovery and utilization of fire.
B.The discovery of primitive tools.
C.The prehistory of technology.
D.The technological evolution of mankind.
第9题
Section II Use of English
(15 minutes)
Directions :
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and markA, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.
Some people were just born to rebel; Charles Darwin was one of them. (21) Nicholas Copernicus, Benjamin Franklin and Bill Gates. They were (22) "laterborns" - that is,they had (23) 0ne older sibling - brother or sister - when they were born.
(24), laterborns are up t0 15 times more likely than firstboms to (25) authority and break new (26), says Frank J. Sulloway, a researcher scholar at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
In his book" Born To Rebel "being (27) this week, Sulloway claims that (28) someone is an older or younger sibling is the most important (29) shaping personality - more significant than gender ,race ,nationality (30) class.
He spent 26 years (31) the lives - and birth orders - of6,566 historical (32) to reach his conclusions.
A laterborn himself , Sulloway first (33) how birth order affected personality (34) a scholar of Darwin at Harvard University.
"How could a somewhat (35) student at Cambridge become the most (36) thinkerin the 19th century？" he said.
Darwin, the first t0 (37) the belief that God created the world with his theory of evolution,was the fifth of six children. Most of his (38) were firstborns.
Sulloway's theory held (39) with Copernicus, the first astronomer to (40) that the Sun was the center of the universe, and computer revolutionary Gates of Microsoft.
21.
[A] Likewise
[B] Likely
[C] Alike
[D] Unlike
