People from divorced families are more likely to become divorced themselves, especially if

Why is Doree unable to respond to small things that make people happy？

A.Because she has lost her job

B.Because she has divorced her husband

C.Because she is uprooted from her hometown

D.Because she suffers from PTSD (Post-traumatic syndrome disorder)

s feeling... like down and sad and even though I did't really show it."

Judith Wallerstein says problems from divorce can last many years. They can show up when the kids are adults. And the kids have their own trouble. Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. The results can be found in her book.

She says that children of divorce are more likely to have problems with drugs. They are far more likely to seek therapy. About 40 percent of them avoid marriage themselves. When they do marry, fail at nearly twice the usual rate. It is hard for them to trust. They are afraid of failing.

Critics say Wallerstein had too few children in her study. They think that Wallerstein stresses too much from a small study. Other things may be the cause of the kid's problems. The study does not compare kids from divorced families with kids from "healthy" families.

Wallerstein's families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed. People feel different a bout divorce. Today programs like Kid's Turn try to reduce some of the effects of divorce with family advice. Talking about their feelings helps the kids get through it. Since they know more about the problems, maybe the kids will be able to handle it.

Which word can best describe the kids from divorced families according to Paragraph 1？

A．Offensive.

B．Relieved

C．Depressed

D．Prejudiced

听力原文：W: Mr. Glieberman, do you see any change in the high rate of broken marriages？

M: The divorce rate is beginning to level off and probably will begin to drop in the next year or two, though not significantly.

W: Why is it so？

M: The tightened economy has made it more difficult for troubled couples to handle all the costs associated with setting up separate households.

W: Is there any other reason？

M:Yes. I believe there is a comeback of thought after the turbulent 60s and 70s that the family does have value. In the midst of change and family disintegration, people seem to have a greater desire now to create stability in their lives.

W: What is the divorce rate now？

M: About one in three marriages ends in divorce, a ratio far higher than it was twenty years ago when the philosophy was "we will tough it out no matter what". Society demands that for appearance's sake we stay together. Divorce no longer carries much disgrace.

W: Could you give us an example？

M: Yes. There is no way, for example, that Ronald Reagan, a divorced man, could have been elected president in 1960. And there are countless other divorced politicians who, years ago, would have been voted out of office if they had even considered a divorce, let alone gotten one. The same was true in the corporate structure where divorced people rarely moved up the executive ladder. Now corporations welcome a divorced man.

W: Why？

M: Because they can shift him around the country without worrying about relocating his family or making certain that they are happy.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. Which word best describes Mr. Glieberman's prediction of the change in the divorce rate？

20. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage？

21. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago？

22. What do we know about a divorced man in a company years ago from the conversation？

(23)

A．Rise.

B．Fall.

C．V-shape.

D．Zigzag.

With our society progressing smoothly toward the twenty-lust century,

it seems that the stable structure of family is also changing. For most of the

people nowadays, divorce is not big news. The increased trend in divorce will 【M1】______

surprise only the most conservative elements in society. This statistics seem

to be an accurate reflection of several key change in American society. The 【M2】______

first one is the change of law governed divorce. The legal changes have 【M3】______

removed barriers on divorce. While people were prevented to do so because 【M4】______

of complicated process, they could now do it with too much efforts. 【M5】______

Secondly, society's attitude toward the divorcing members has changed 【M6】______

as well. In the past, couples are discouraged to get divorced due in part to the 【M7】______

perceived pressure from the public. In this modern society which people are 【M8】______

more inclined to tolerate such practice, it seems that divorce is not unacceptable

any more.

The data indicate an increase in the divorce rate began in the 1960s and 【M9】______

continuing to present. 【M10】_____

【M1】

听力原文： Sharon Keating was worried about her kids when she got a divorce. Her daughter says, "I was feeling ... like down and sad and even though I didn't really show it."

Judith Wallerstein says problems from divorce can last for many years. They can show up when the kids are adults. As adults, the kids have trouble.

Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. The results can only be found in her book.

She says children of divorce are more likely to have problems with drugs. They are far more likely to seek therapy. About 40-percent of them do not marry. Their marriages fail at nearly twice the usual rate. It is hard for them to trust. They are afraid of failing.

Critics say Wallerstein had too few children in her study. Other things may be the cause of the kid's problems. The study does not compare kids from divorced families with kids from "healthy" families.

Wallerstein's families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed. People feel different about divorce. Today programs like Kid's Turn try to lessen some of the effects of divorce with family counseling. Talking about their feelings helps the kids get through it.

Since they know more about the problems, maybe the kids will be able to handle it.

(33)

A．Children of divorce are always happy.

B．Children of divorce sometimes feel sad but don't really show it.

C．Children of divorce are no! affected.

D．Children of divorce are always very angry.

Acceptance of Chronic Illness

For chronically i11 patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U.S. researchers suggest.

"Hope is an important part of happiness, but there's a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness," Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.

He and his colleagues studied patients who'd just had a colostomy (结肠造口术), which means their colons (结肠) were removed and they had to have bowel (肠) movements in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and they'd have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.

The patients were followed for six months, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies.

"We think they were happier because they got on with their lives. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," Ubel said. "The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation. "

The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose spouse (配偶) dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.

That's because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (结束), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.

Chronically ill patients may be happier______.

A．if they keep thinking of their past.

B．if they believe they'll recover.

C．if they put off moving on.

D．if they manage to get on with their life.

wers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.

Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore.

It's easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day. Also nowadays, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn't require tiny dressing up, it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine, and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car--sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out--or on the nm. Even if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children, especially, love fast food because it's finger food, no struggling With knives and forks, no annoying instructions from adults about table manners.

Americans enjoy fast food mainly because ______.

A．it can be eaten in the car

B．it is much more tasty than home-made food

C．one only uses his fingers while eating it

D．it is time-saving and convenient

Changes in Marriage and Family

More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people, relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the early 1970s, the rate of marriage context. some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.

What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty-five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife's previous marriage' or the husband' s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses(配偶)。

Thus, one can find every type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children: marriages with children from only the present marriage;marriages with "full- time" children from both the present and former marriages: marriages with "full-time" children from the present marriage and "part-time" children from former marriages. There are stepfathers, stepmothers, half-brothers and half-sisters. It is not all 'that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.

第 57 题 By calling Americans marrying people the author means that_____

A．Americans are more traditional at than Europeans

B．Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans

C．there are more married couples in U.S.A．than in Europe

D．more of Americans, as compared with Europeans,prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age

The woman thinks it more important for society to ______.

A．understand the choice of divorced people

B．give more financial support to single mothers

C．help divorced people share the loss and build a new life

D．let single mothers share the chance of a better marriage