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[主观题]

Some people feel sad or depressed during the winter months in northern areas of the world.

They may have trouble eating or sleeping. They suffer【C1】______a condition known as Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD.

【C2】______of SAD【C3】______its effects during the short, dark days of【C4】______. The problems are most【C5】______in the months when there are fewer hours of daylight. When spring arrives, these signs【C6】______and SAD victims feel【C7】______again.

The National Mental Health Association reports that SAD can【C8】______anyone. The group says young people and women are【C9】______the highest risk for the disorder. It says that an estimated twenty-five percent of the American population suffers from some form. of SAD. About five percent suffer from a severe form. of the【C10】______.【C11】______, many people in other parts of the world also have the condition.

To treat the disorder, victims of SAD do not need to wait until【C12】______. Experts know that【C13】______affected individuals【C14】______bright light each day【C15】______the condition.【C16】______, there are other things people can do to ease the problem. They can【C17】______the sunlight in their homes and workplaces. They can spend【C18】______time outdoors in the fresh air during the day.

One study found that walking for an hour in winter sunlight was as【C19】______as spending two-and-one-half hours in【C20】______light indoors.

【C1】

A．in

B．from

C．at

D．with

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发布时间：2020-08-02

更多“Some people feel sad or depressed during the winter months in northern areas of the world.”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文：Researchers do not know why people think some colours are warm and other colours

听力原文： Researchers do not know why people think some colours are warm and other colours are cool. However, almost everyone agrees that red, orange, and yellow are warm and that green, blue, and violet are cool. Perhaps warm colours remind people of warm days and cool colours remind them of cool days. Because in the north the sun is low during the winter, the sunlight appears quite blue. Because the sun is higher during the summer, the hot summer sunlight appears yellow.

People associate colours with different holidays. For example, red is associated with Valentine's Day. On February 14th, Americans send red hearts to people they love. People associate orange with Halloween in October and Thanksgiving Day in November. On October 31 st, many Americans put large orange pumpkins in their windows for Halloween. Many people wear green on St. Patrick's Day, March 17th. Violet is a dignified colour which is associated with Easter. On Easter Sunday, people decorate baskets with purple ribbons.

Many expressions in English use colours. These expressions show how people feel about the colours. For example, people associate red with a strong feeling like anger. When someone is very angry, people say that he or she sees red. Red is an active colour. A red-letter day is a lucky day. When criminals are caught in the middle of a crime, people say that they are caught red-handed. Green is the colour of grass and leaves. When someone grows plants well, people say he or she has green fingers. Blue is a sad, thoughtful colour. When someone is very sad, people say he or she is feeling blue. Blues is a kind of jazz that is usually very sad and slow.

(33)

A．A warm colour is a colour that is often used in restaurants.

B．A warm colour is a colour that gives off heat.

C．A warm colour is a colour near the red end of the light spectrum.

D．A warm colour is a colour that makes people feel upset.

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第2题

Don't Let Depression Ruin a Good ThingFeeling down？ Got the blues？ You're not alone. Every

Don't Let Depression Ruin a Good Thing

Feeling down？ Got the blues？ You're not alone. Everyone gets. sad (yes, everyone you've ever met). Some people have sad feelings just once in a while, and others may have sad feelings pretty often. More than half of teenagers go through a sad period at least once a month and plenty of younger kids do, too.

When you're in a sad mood, it may feel like it will last forever, but usually feelings of sadness don't last very long a few hours, or maybe a day or two. A deeper, more intense kind of sadness that lasts a lot longer is called depression. Each year millions of people are estimated to suffer from depression, a condition so widespread that it has been dubbed "the common cold of mental illness. "

Symptoms of Depression

Depression is associated with many symptoms and not everyone has the same ones. Some people have many symptoms, while others may only have a few. The symptoms below may signal that you or someone you love may be depressed:

Appearance—sad face, slow movements, absent-minded look

Unhappy feelings—feeling sad, hopeless, discouraged, or listless

Negative thoughts—"I'm a failure," "I'm no good," "No one cares about me. "

Reduced activity—"I just sit around and mope," "Doing anything is just too much of an effort."

Reduced concentration.

People problems—"I don't want anybody to see me," "I feel so lonely."

Guilt and low self-esteem—"It's all my fault," "I should be punished."

Physical problems—Sleeping problems, weight loss or gain, decreased sexual interest, or headaches.

Suicidal thoughts or wishes—"I'd be better off dead," "I wonder if it hurts to die."

Causes of Depression

The exact cause of depression remains unclear. The most probable explanation is that it is an imbalance in neurotransmitters (神经传递素) in the brain. But what triggers it in the first place？

First, genetic factors. There is growing interest in genetic approaches t6 understanding a variety of diseases and depression is no exception. Some people certainly seem to be more vulnerable to depression than others and there is growing evidence that some genes could make individuals susceptible to the disease. Some studies have shown that people who have relatives with depression have a one in four chance of developing it themselves, compared with only one in fourteen for the general population.

Secondly, external triggers. In most cases just having these genes is probably not enough to cause depression on its own. Depression can be triggered by a number of factors such as unemployment, bereavement (丧亡), social isolation or even a severe physical illness.

Victims of Depression

Anyone may suffer from depression, regardless of age, gender, race and belief. It is "normal" for certain people to feel depressed-such as women, older people, employees with work-related stress, or people with chronic illness.

Women are more than twice as' likely as men to experience depression. Although the reasons for this difference are not known, research suggests that biological differences in women such as hormonal(荷尔蒙) changes and genetics-may contribute to depression. Additionally, social reasons, such as greater stresses from work and family responsibilities, and even the increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty among women, may lead to higher rates of clinical depression.

Depression affects employees at all levels of the corporate ladder. One in every 20 employees experiences the illness. An estimated 200 million workdays are lost each year due to employee depression. Depression tends to affect people in their prime working years and if left untreated may last a lifetime.

Clinical Depression and

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第3题

Poetry can be compared to painting. When you look at a work of art, you first see it for

what it is—a depiction of a person, an animal, a place, or a thing. You 11 notice the colors and the textures, and maybe how the light shines across a window or【M1】______ highlights a patch of flowers. These are the things what you see on【M2】______ the surface. Then you look a little close at some of the fine details.【M3】______ How did the painter make white paint to look silver against blue【M4】______ drapery？ How did the artist catch that sad look in the eyes of the child？ How on earth did it actually make an apple look so real that【M5】______ you could always reach out and grab it off the table？【M6】______ Now what about abstract art？ What do you see in these paintings？ Strange shapes and images—are they recognized？ Do【M7】______ they make you feel a certain way？ When you look at abstract art, maybe you don t necessary see as much as you are actually feeling. To some people, poetry is like abstract art. Some people feel that poetry is too objective to the artist for the reader to be able to【M8】______ fully understand it. How can you make the sense of words that【M9】______ dont necessarily say a story？ To appreciate art, you must first【M10】______ appreciate your own sensibilities, and then you must appreciate form. and texture. With poetry, you start with an appreciation of and trust for your own feelings, and then you examine your appreciation of words and the magic they make when theyre used together.

【M1】

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第4题

听力原文：Sharon Keating was worried about her kids when she got a divorce. Her daughter sa

听力原文： Sharon Keating was worried about her kids when she got a divorce. Her daughter says, "I was feeling ... like down and sad and even though I didn't really show it."

Judith Wallerstein says problems from divorce can last for many years. They can show up when the kids are adults. As adults, the kids have trouble.

Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. The results can only be found in her book.

She says children of divorce are more likely to have problems with drugs. They are far more likely to seek therapy. About 40-percent of them do not marry. Their marriages fail at nearly twice the usual rate. It is hard for them to trust. They are afraid of failing.

Critics say Wallerstein had too few children in her study. Other things may be the cause of the kid's problems. The study does not compare kids from divorced families with kids from "healthy" families.

Wallerstein's families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed. People feel different about divorce. Today programs like Kid's Turn try to lessen some of the effects of divorce with family counseling. Talking about their feelings helps the kids get through it.

Since they know more about the problems, maybe the kids will be able to handle it.

(33)

A．Children of divorce are always happy.

B．Children of divorce sometimes feel sad but don't really show it.

C．Children of divorce are no! affected.

D．Children of divorce are always very angry.

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第5题

According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true of elderly people？A．Th

According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true of elderly people？

A．They often show high spirits.

B．They often display satisfaction with life.

C．They feel sad and lonely.

D．They often display feelings of self-worth.

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第6题

According to the iast paragraph, which of the following is NOT true of elderly people？A．Th

According to the iast paragraph, which of the following is NOT true of elderly people？

A．They often show high spirits.

B．They often display satisfaction with life.

C．They feel sad and lonely.

D．They often display feelings of self-worth.

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第7题

听力原文：Many expressions in English use colors. These expressions show how people feel ab

听力原文： Many expressions in English use colors. These expressions show how people feel about the colors. Different colors can describe different feelings of people. For example, people associate red with a strong feeling like anger. When someone is very angry, people say that he or she sees red. Red is an active color. A red-letter day is a lucky day. When criminals are caught in the middle of a crime, people say that they were caught red-handed. Green is the color of grass and leaves. When someone grows plants well, people say he has a green thumb. Blue is a sad, thoughtful color. When someone is very sad, she says she is blue. The blues is a kind of jazz that is usually very sad and slow.

(23)

A．Blue.

B．Black.

C．Green.

D．Red.

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第8题

I Know Just How Yon Feel Do you feel sad？ Happy？ Angry？ You may think that the way you sho

I Know Just How Yon Feel

Do you feel sad？ Happy？ Angry？ You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique．Well，think again．Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified，according to Mind Reading，a DVD displaying every possible human emotion．It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel：the first visual dictionary of the human heart．Attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s，when Darwin divided the emotions into six types-anger，fear，sadness，disgust，surprise and enjoyment．【46】______Every other feeling was thought to derive from Darwin's small group．More complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture．But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide．【47】______The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions．

The project was conceived by a Cambridge professor as an aid for people with autism(孤独症)，who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotions．But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses．Actors and teachers，for example，need to understand a wide range of expressions．The professor and his research team first had to define an“emotion”．【48】______Using this definition，1，512 emotion terms were identified and discussed．This list was eventually reduced to 412，from“afraid”to“wanting”．

Once these emotions were defined and classified，a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display them．In Mind Reading，each expression is acted out by six different actors in three seconds．【49】______The explanation for this is simple：we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words，but we instantly recognise one when we see it on someone's face．“It was really clear when the actors had got it right，”says Cathy Collis，who directed the DVD．“Although they were given some direction，”says Ms Collis，“the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move．【50】______”For example，when someone feels contempt，you can't say for certain that their eyebrows always go down．

Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American，Professor Paul Ekman，who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion．The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called “action units”．These can be combined into more than 10，000 visible facial shapes．Ekman has written out a pattern of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion．

A．We thought of trying to describe each emotion，but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this．

B．These particular muscles are difficult to control，and few people can do it．

C．Research has also been done to find out which areas of the brain read emotional expressions．

D．They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by“I feel”or“he looks”or“she sounds”．

E．He said that the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone，from any culture．

F．Any other method of showing all the 412 emotions，such as words，would have been far less effective．

(46)

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第9题

OverviewLike many people, you may experience cabin fever during the winter months. Or, you

Overview

Like many people, you may experience cabin fever during the winter months. Or, you may tend to eat more and sleep more when the temperature drops. But, seasonal affective disorder(SAD)goes well beyond those symptoms. SAD is much more than the winter blahs. It's a type of depressive disorder.

If you have SAD, winter's short days and long nights may induce feelings of depression, lethargy(嗜睡), fatigue, cravings for sweets and starches(淀粉类食物), headaches, sleep problems and irritability. Exactly how many people have SAD isn't really known, but it's estimated that about 6 percent of Americans suffer from winter SAD, and another 10 percent to 20 percent may experience mild SAD symptoms. The disorder usually begins when you're a young adult. It's also more common in women than in men.

What causes SAD is unclear, but it may have to do with the amount of sunlight you receive. Although SAD can affect people anywhere, it becomes more common the farther north you live--perhaps because these areas of the planet experience decreased daylight for months at a time. In some people, however, recurring episodes of depression may occur in the summer rather than in the winter.

Although there's no cure for SAD, there are treatments to help you successfully manage the condition so that you can go through the seasons of the year in relative comfort.

Signs and symptoms

SAD is a cyclic, seasonal condition, which means signs and symptoms are present only during a particular season of the year and then go away. Most of the time, the signs and symptoms of SAD appear during the winter and recede during the spring and summer.

But there are some exceptions to the rule. Some people have worsened signs and symptoms of depression in the spring. Other people--about one in 10--experience periods of mania(躁狂)or hypo- mania, a less intense form. of mania, during the summer. This is sometimes referred to as reverse SAD. Characteristics of mania may include persistently elevated mood, inflated self-esteem, hyperactivity and unbridled enthusiasm out of proportion to the situation.

If you regularly experience the following signs and symptoms when the seasons change, you may have SAD:

Winter SAD

Depression

Loss of energy

Social withdrawal

Increased sleep and sleepiness

Loss of interest in sex

Overeating, especially foods high in carbohydrates

Weight gain

Difficulty concentrating and processing information, especially in the afternoon

Summer SAD

Anxiety

Insomnia

Irritability

Weight loss

Decreased appetite

Causes

Doctors don't know the causes of SAD, but heredity, age and your body's chemical makeup all seem to play a role. So can the availability of sunlight. Researchers suspect that reduced sunlight may disrupt circadian rhythms that regulate your body's internal clock, which lets you know when it's time to sleep and when it's time to wake up. This disruption may cause depression. For example, winter depression is more common in people living in more northern latitudes, such as in Alaska, where the lengths of days and nights are more variable during the various seasons.

Some scientists have theorized that melatonin, a sleep-related hormone that's also linked to depression, might be the cause. Production of melatonin increases during the long nights of winter.

Other research suggests that lack of serotonin, a brain chemical(neurotransmitter)that seems to be triggered by sunlight, is the reason for winter depression. People who are depressed are known to have decreased levels of serotonin in their brains.

When to seek medical advice

Most people experience some d

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第10题

Some people feel lonely from time to time, while others not.A．YB．NC．NG

Some people feel lonely from time to time, while others not.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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