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A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案
更多“Women with AIDS are encouraged to tell their trouble to others.”相关的问题
第1题
Caucasians and Hispanic women accounted for 82 percent of AIDS cases among women in 2000.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第2题
Who do International medical guidelines call for to use a combination of AIDS drugs？
A．Pregnant women with AIDS.
B．Pregnant women with AIDS and their newly - born babies.
C．Pregnant women with advanced HIV.
第3题
Active women with AIDS tend live longer. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第4题
A．male homosexual relationships.
B．female homosexual relationships.
C．unprotected sex between men and women.
D．pregnant women with AIDS.
第5题
A．Less than 13%.
B．About 9.5%.
C．1.5%.
D．17.5%,
第6题
Since the US Agency for International Development (USAID) began its first HIV/AIDS prevention efforts eight years ago, the epidemic has changed dramatically. HIV has spread to every region of the world. Millions of people infected with HIV during the first decade of the epidemic are developing opportunistic infections and other AIDS-related illnesses, and many are dying. Women and children are among those most vulnerable to HIV infection. As HIV prevalence and AIDS mortality soar, millions of children will lose their parents.
HIV/AIDS is having a devastating impact on the health and well-being of families, communities and nations worldwide. The epidemic's effects on the structure of societies and the productivity of their members undermine efforts to promote sustainable development around the globe.
USAID's approach to slowing the spread of HIV/AIDS relies on strategies tested and refined over the past eight years. At the same time, the Agency is moving forward to address new challenges posed by the evolving epidemic.
One of the important lessons learned during the past decade is that an effective response to HIV/ AIDS requires the full participation of people and communities affected by the virus. Although people living with HIV/AIDS are among the most successful advocates and communicators for prevention, too often their voices are not heard or heeded. Greater involvement of people living with HIV/AIDS is essential to creat the supportive political, legal and social environments needed to control the epidemic.
In December 1994 at the Paris AIDS Summit, representatives of 42 governments adopted resolution pledging greater support for networks of people living with HIV/AIDS. Before and during the summit, members of these networks worked with government and multilateral organizations, including USAID, to develop a plan for translating the words of the resolution into concrete action. The Agency is committed to ensuring that people living with HIV/AIDS are accepted in full partnership with governments, international organizations and the private sector in developing, implementing and evaluating HIV/AIDS policies and programs.
People living with HIV/AIDS and community-based organizations have been at the forefront of efforts to draw attention to the connection between compassionate AIDS care and effective HIV prevention. In the absence of a vaccine or cure, USAID continues to emphasize HIV/AIDS prevention. But as the number of people suffering from AIDS-related illness begins to increase dramatically, the Agency is also exploring ways to reduce the social impact of AIDS and enhance prevention efforts by integrating prevention and care.
The Agency will also continue to pioneer regional approaches to an epidemic that does not recognize national boundaries. Crossborder interventions throughout the world will target mobile populations, including migrant workers, tourists, traders, transport workers and people displaced by war, and social disruption.
Results from USAID-supported research on preventing HIV/AIDS in women, from microbiocide development to behavioral research on communication between men and women, will play a key role in slowing the rapid spread of the epidemic in the future. The Agency will continue to support research designed to strengthen programs for women and will move quickly to incorporate promising prevention methods into field activities. USAID will also work to reduce women's vulnerability to HIV prevention by promoting multisectoral efforts to improve their economic and social status.
Recognizing the growing threat HIV/AIDS poses to child survival, the Agency will support efforts to identify and test methods of preventing transmission from mother to child, such as Vitamin A supplements and other promising interventions. In addition, USAID will expand efforts to reduce HIV/ AIDS am
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第7题
More Efforts Urged to Empower Women at AIDS Conference
Prevention is a central issue being discussed at the sixteenth International AIDS Conference in Toronto, Canada. Twenty-four thousand delegates are at the conference which ends Friday.
Bill and Melinda Gates called for faster research to develop preventions like microbicides for women to use when they have sex. (46) Melinda Gates said the way to "change this epidemic" is to put power in the hands of women. In southern Africa, for example, about sixty percent of adults living with HIV are women. Bill Gates said women today often have no choice but to depend on men not to infect them. "A woman should never need her partner's permission to save her own life," he said as the conference opened Sunday. (47)
On Monday, former President Bill Clinton said more people would get tested for HIV if an aggressive effort took place to fight the stigma. But reducing fears of social rejection is not enough. (48)
Researchers at the conference presented the results of a new study of HIV testing. It involved more than one hundred thousand people tested in California last year. Some received a quick test, with results in about twenty minutes. The others received a test that is more commonly used; the results takes two weeks. The researchers say twenty-five percent of the people who had the longer test did not return to learn the results. (49) George Lemp of the University of California led the study. He says quick tests could be especially important in developing countries with limited transportation.
Speakers at the AIDS conference also discussed high rates of new HIV infections among black Americans. Julian Bond is chairman of the NAACP , a leading civil rights group. (50) Public health officials say half of all new HIV infections in the United States are in blacks. African American delegates at the conference said they will prepare a five-year plan to reduce infection rates and increase testing.
A. The chairman said African-Americans must, in his words, "face the fact that AIDS has become a black disease. "
B. Mr. Clinton said people also need a guarantee they would get medicine to suppress the virus.
C. Delegates at the conference have worked out an action with the virus that causes AIDS.
D. They hoped that such products could protect against infection with the virus that causes AIDS.
E. The world's richest man said "stopping AIDS" is the top priority of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
F. But that was true of only two percent of those who had the quick test.
(46)
第8题
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is a kind of human viral disease (病毒病) that damages the immune system, weakening the body's ability to defend itself from infection and disease. Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), AIDS leaves an infected person vulnerable to opportunistic infections. Such infections are harmless in healthy people, but in those whose immune systems have been greatly weakened, they can prove fatal. Although there is no cure for AIDS, new drugs are available that can lengthen the life spans and improve the quality of life of infected people.
Infection with HIV does not necessarily mean that a person has AIDS. Some people who have HIV infection may not develop any of the clinical illnesses that define the disease of AIDS for ten years or more. Physicians prefer to use the term AIDS for cases where a person has reached the final, life threatening stage of H1V infection.
AIDS was first identified in 1981 among homosexual (同性恋) men and drug users in New York and California. Shortly after its detection in the United States, evidence of AIDS epidemics (流行) grew among heterosexual (异性恋) men, women, and children in Africa. AIDS quickly developed into a worldwide epidemic, affecting virtually every nation. By 2002 an estimated 38.6 million adults and 3.2 million children worldwide were living with HIV infection or AIDS. The World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN), estimates that from 1981 to the end of 2002 about 20 million people died as a result of AIDS. About 4.5 million of those who died were children under the age of 15.
North America
In the United States about 40,000 new HIV infections occur each year. More than 30 percent of these infectious occur in women, and 60 percent occur in ethnic minorities. In 2001 mere than 800,000 U.S. residents were infected with HIV, and more than 300,000 people were living with full-blown (全面的) AIDS. In Canada about 4,200 new HIV infectious occur each year. Nearly 25 percent of these infections occur in women. In 2002 about 55,000 Canadians were living with HIV infection and about 18,000 people were living with full-blown AIDS.
The incidence of new cases of HW infections and AIDS deaths has significantly decreased in Canada and the United States since 1995. This decrease is attributed to the availability of new drug treatments and public health programs that target people most at risk for infection. But while the overall rate of HIV infection seems to be on a downturn (低迷时期), certain populations appear to be at greater risk for the disease. In the United States in 1987, Caucasians (白种人) accounted for 60 percent of AIDS cases and blacks and Hispanics only 39 percent. But by 2000 the trend had reversed: 26 percent of new eases were diagnosed in Caucasians and 73 percent in blacks and Hispanics. Likewise the number of female AIDS patients in the United States has increased significantly in recent years, from 7 percent of all AIDS cases in 1985 to 30 percent in 2000. In the United States, African American and Hispanic women accounted for 82 percent of AIDS cases among women in 2000.
Europe
In western Europe the first cases of AIDS were detected in the early 1980s, and by the late 1990s, at least 30,000 new HIV infections occurred each year. In 2002 about 570,000 western Europeans were HIV positive, and 25 percent of these cases were women. Before the dissolution (解散) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (US.SR) in 1991, eastern Europe reported few HIV cases. But since 1995, HIV infection has spread rapidly in cities of several eastern European countries. The WHO estimates that the total number of HIV infections in this region may have risen from less than 30,000 in 1995 to about 1 million in 2002.
Developing Nations
While eases of AIDS have been reported in every nat
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第9题
【D1】
第10题
Homosexuals
Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or, for women, lesbian．Most of them live quiet lives just__ (1) anyone else．Some gay people have always raised children, __ (2) or with partners, and the use of artificial insemination(人工授精)is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job． Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private．Some__ (3) their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice．For those women who see it as a choice, one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual(异性恋的)relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally (4)．As a result, homosexual activity became a crime, __ (5) which the penalty in early courts was death．Homosexual behavior. is still__ (6) in many countries and the United States.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness, but now no mental-health professional(具有专业资格的人)any longer__ (7) homosexuality an illness．More recent theories to__ (8) for homosexuality have included those ,based on biological and sociological factors．To date, __ (9), there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes__ (10) homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century．Gays attribute this, in part, to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation． Some large companies now __ (11) health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees．Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory (咨询的)committees．__ (12) some attitudes have changed, however, prejudice(偏见)
still exists, and in the late 1980s and early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals, with attempt to __ (13) laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic, which started in the 1980s, has devastated(破坏的)the gay community and brought, it together as never before．The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim, __ (14) they be gays or not, has been a model of community action．AIDS,however, has also __ (15) people with another reason for their prejudice.
第 51 题 A．alike
B．like
C．likely
D．liking
