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Even with antibiotic treatment, death rate of cutaneous is still extremely high.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
答案
更多“Even with antibiotic treatment, death rate of cutaneous is still extremely high.A．YB．NC．NG”相关的问题
第1题
Antibiotic resistance doesn't just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epidemiologists(流行病专家)following the paths of disease-causing microbes have identified their suspects by features of bacterial polysaccharide(多糖) coats, susceptibility to different antibiotics, or other schemes But these tracking techniques "are losing their relevance (相关性,实用性), "says Alexander Tomasz, a microbiologist at Rockefeller University in New York City. With the increase in drug resistance, a variety of resistant microbes can now wear the same coat or be resistant to the same drugs, making it harder and harder to keep tabs on individual strains (菌株).
Epidemiologists, therefore, are increasingly turning to more precise molecular typing techniques, such as DNA fingerprinting, to distinguish resistant strains.
DNA typing tools are, of course, not new. Indeed, some DNA-based methods, such as comparing plasmids (质体)(small rings of DNA outside the chromosomes 〈染色体〉), have been used by epidemiologists to track infections since the 1970s. but since plasmid DNA is transferred easily and often between different strains, that technique too has its limitations.
More recent techniques use restriction enzymes to cut apart entire bacterial chromosomes into strain-specific fragment patterns, Another method uses specific radiolabeled (放射标汇的) DNA probes, in a technique known as Southern hybridization(杂交), to test for the presence of a particular drug-resistance gene in a bacterial strain. "Such tools give epidemiologists, unprecedented resolving power for identifying reservoirs and transition routes of genes and pathogens, "says Tomasz. That has helped researchers track a number of drug-resistant clones as they travel vast distances.
Such tracking methods also "help us learn about the mechanism of resistance, "says CDC(疾病控制和预防中心) epidemiologist Robert Breiman. Resistance grows, he explains, either as one resistant organism spreads from one location to the next—as in the Brazilian MRSA(耐甲氧苯青素金黄色葡萄球菌)—or as different strains and even species of microbes share the genes responsible for drug resistance, as a series of studies of vancomycin(万古霉素) resistance recently demonstrated.
That knowledge also helps public health officials combat the spread. If resistance spreads "horizontally'as a microbe increases its range, Breiman says it's important to focus prevention efforts on minimizing person-to-person spread in hospitals and day-care centers. If, however, resistance genes are jumping between organisms, that suggests that overly aggressive antibiotic treatment is encouraging nonresistant bugs to acquire new genes. "In such cases, the focus needs to be on controlling anti-microbial use, "says Breiman. The hoped-for result: fewer infections to track.
Aspirin is one of the world's oldest pain remedies.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
第2题
The little boy's mum is pleased because that means the doctor will prescribe an antibiotic(抗菌素). And that means that Jack will get better very soon. Most of us, adults and children alike, are comfortable with antibiotics. While no one denies that many family doctors prescribe antibiotic too freely, huge quantities of the drugs are pumped into patients before, during and after surgery to prevent infection.
About 70 million presciptions for them are written each year in England and Wales—the equivalent of dosing(剂量) every man, woman and child with one-and-a-half courses. We take them for everyday ailments such as acne(粉刺), infected cuts, dental abscesses(脓肿) and so on. We see them as an essential safety net to prevent a trivial complaint turning serious. But now! Everything we thought we knew. about antibiotics is being challenged by the experts.
Dr. Gruneberg says: Even when the cause is bacterial, there is often no need for treatment because we can use our natural defence systems to fight Off the illness. But ills not just unnecessary prescriptions which cause problems. Apparently the actual courses of antibiotics are longer than necessary, increasing the risks of resistance to the drugs.
Dr. Andrew Swan, a consultant microbiologist in Leicester, says: "If you have recovered from your infection after a couple of days of treatment, and it wasn't too serious in the first place, carrying on with the tablets is adding to the problems of resistance."
Dr. Swan is also concerned about the growing popularity of the newer broad-spectrum antibiotics (谱抗菌素 ), which can kill a wide range of bacteria. He explains: "The more bacteria killed off, the greater the risk that the treament will chase off harmless organisms and allow those which are resistant to drugs to multiply."
From the passage we can learn that ______.
A．Jack's trouble is serious
B．the family doctor has been called in
C．people depend too much on antibiotics for small infection
D．most people prefer antibiotics to any other medicine
第3题
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
第4题
Mars roll's antibiotic treatment has replaced surgery as standard care.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第5题
第6题
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第7题
A.education to the users of antibiotics.
B.control on use of antibiotics in health facilities.
C.introduction of new regulations on the sale of antibiotics.
D.limit on the hospitals to store more antibiotic drags than they can use.
第8题
Researchers are not sure______.
A．about how sweet honey is
B．that honey has any medicinal properties
C．about the levels of hydrogen peroxide in honey
D．how effective honey is as an antibiotic
第9题
Who recommends governments to focus on the following areas EXCEPT______.
A．education on the use of antibiotics
B．keeping hospitals from storing more antibiotics than they can use
C．control of antibiotic use
D．introduction of new regulations on the sale of antibiotics
第10题
WHO recommends governments to focus on the following areas EXCEPT
A.education on the use of antibiotics
B.keeping hospitals from storing more antibiotics than they can us
C.control of antibiotic use
D.introduction of new regulations on the sale of antibiotics
