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[主观题]

阅读材料，回答题。 When We Are AsleepEveryone dreams, but some people never recall their d

阅读材料，回答题。

When We Are Asleep

Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections (记忆 ) of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly. In an average night of eight hours&39;sleep, an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.

Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves move more quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase, and there are rapid eye movements under the lids, just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects. These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals (哺乳动物) studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles (爬行动物) .This period of sleep is called the "D" state for around 50% of their sleep; the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.

Dreams take the form. of stories, but they may be strange and with incidents not connected, which make little sense. Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know. One estimate says that two-thirds of the "cast" of our dream dramas are friends and relations. Vision seems an essential part of dreams, except for people blind from birth. Sound and touch senses are also often aroused, but smell and taste are not frequently involved. In "normal" dreams, the dreamer may be taking part, or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.

However, the dreamer does have control over one type of dream. This type of dream is called a "lucid"(清醒的) dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers. Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time. In a lucid dream, the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.

Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

答案

查看答案

发布时间：2021-10-21

更多“阅读材料，回答题。 When We Are AsleepEveryone dreams, but some people never recall their d”相关的问题

第1题

阅读材料，回答题： A Biological ClockEvery living thing has what scientists call a b

阅读材料，回答题：

A Biological ClockEvery living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The bio- logical clock tells______ （51 ）when to form. flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells ______ （52） when to leave the protective cocoons and fly away， and it tells animals and human beings when to eat， sleep and wake.

Events outside the plant and animal ______ （53）the actions of some biological clocks. Scientists recendy found， for example， that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur______（54） the number of hours of daylight. In the short______（55） of winter， its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in summer，

Inner signals control other biological docks， german scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration（56） twice each year. Birds______ （57） flying become restless when it is time for the trip， ______（58）they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended.

Scientists say they are beginning to learn which______ （59） of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher， Martin Moorhead， said a small group of cells near the front of the brain ______ （60） to control the timing of some of our actions. These______ （61） tell a person when to______ （62）， when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that control other body activities.

Dr. Moorhead is studying ______ （63）our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For example， most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours.

______ （64） can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr. Moorhead said industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said______ （65） understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and would help increase a factory"s production.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题查看材料

A.animals

B.plants

C.humans

D.scientists

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第2题

阅读材料，回答题。 Deport them or notIn a country that defines itself by ideals，not by sha

阅读材料，回答题。

Deport them or not

In a country that defines itself by ideals，not by shared blood，who should be allowed to come，work and live here？In the wake of the Sept．1 1 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing．

On Dec．11，2001，as part of the effort to increase homeland security，federal and local authorities in 14 states staged“Operation Safe Travel”-raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification(身份证明)．In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests．But those captured were anything but terrorists，most of them

illegal immigrants from Central or South America．Authorities said the undocumented workers’illegal status made them open to blackmail(讹诈)by terrorists．

Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods．

Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent，“We’re saying we want you to work in these places，we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are，and then when it’s convenient for us，or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security，especially after Sept．1 1，then you’re disposable．There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons，”Anderson said．

If Sept．1 1 had never happened．the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone oil quietly living in America．probably indefinitely．Ana Castr0，a manager at a Ben＆Jerry’s ice cream shop at the airport，had been workin9 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid．Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation(驱逐出境)．Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled．While she awaits the outcome，the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben&Jerry’s．

According to the author，the United States claims to be a nation__________．查看材料

A.composed of people having different values

B.encouraging individual pursuits

C.sharing common interests

D.founded on shared ideals

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第3题

阅读材料，回答题： The Need to RememberSome people say they have no memory at all: "I

阅读材料，回答题：

The Need to Remember

Some people say they have no memory at all: "I just can&39;t rememB．er athing !" B．ut of coursewe all have amemory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps us to make use in thepresent of what we have learnt in the past.

In fact we have different types of memory. For example, our visual memory helps us recallfacts and places. Some people have such astrong visual memory that they can remember exactlywhat they have seen, for example, pages of abook, as acomplete picture.

Our verbal(言语的 )memory helps us rememB．er words and figures we may have heard butnot seen or written: Items of ashopping list, achemical formula, dates, or arecipe.

With our emotional(情感的)memory, we recall situations or places where we had; strongfeelings, perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell, taste,touch and sound, and for performing physical movements.

We have two ways of storing any of these memories. Our short-term memory stores items forup to thirty seconds--enough to remember atelephone number while we dial. Our long-term mem-ory, on the other hand, may store items for alifetime. Older people in fact have amuch biterlong-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done only afew hours ago, buthave the clearest remembrance (记忆) of when they were very young.

Psychologists tell us that we only remember afew facts about our past, and that we invent therest. It is as though we remember only the oudine of astory. We then make up the details. We of-ten do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of ourown past, or maybe victims needing sympathy (同情).

Visual memory helps us recall aplace we have been to. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第4题

阅读材料，回答题。 BreakfastStudies show that children who eat breakfast do better in sch

阅读材料，回答题。

Breakfast

Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn&39;t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform. better at work as well .Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip (故意略去 ) breakfast.

If we don&39;t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.

People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn&39;t a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast.

A healthy breakfast should contain some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维) . Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆) . Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or in fruits.A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.

Adults who eat breakfast will perform. better at work. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第5题

阅读材料，回答题。 The Adjustment in Understanding of Man"s Relation to the Physical Univers

阅读材料，回答题。

The Adjustment in Understanding of Man"s Relation to the Physical Universe

Nowadays the scattering of galaxies and the astounding abundance of stars are forcing those who ponder such matters to a further adjustment of their concept of the place and function of man in the material universe.

In the history of the51human mind， with its increasing knowledge of the surrounding context， there must have been a time when the philosophers of the52tribes began to realize that the world was not simply centered on man himself. The geocentric concept， which accepted a universe centered on the earth， then became common53

The second adjustment in the understanding of man"s relation to the physical universe was not generally acceptable54the sixteenth century. Copernican revolution soundly55the heliocentric Concept， the theory of a universe56on the sun. Man is a stubborn adherent to official dogma; eventually， however， he accepted the sun as the center.

Then， forty years ago， came the need for a third adjustment. This57has deeply exploded man"s pride and58， for it has carried with it the knowledge of the appalling number of galaxies.

The galactocentric universe59puts the earth and its life near the edge of one great galaxy in a universe of millions of galaxies. Man becomes peripheral among the billions of stars of his own Milky Way; and， according to the revelations of paleontology and geochemistry， he is60and apparently transient in the61of cosmic time.

The downgrading of the earth and sun and the elevation of the galaxies is not the end of this62of scientific pilgrims through philosophic fields. The need for another63adjustment now64not wholly unexpected by scientists，65wholly the result of one or two scientific revelations.

Our new problem concerns the spread of life throughout the universe. As unsolicited spokesmen for all the earthly organisms of land， sea， and air， we ask the thrilling question: Are we alone？

请在第__（51）__处填上正确答案。查看材料

A.ingenious

B.evolving

C.creative

D.eligible

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第6题

阅读材料，回答题。 How does Science Proceed？How exactly does science work？ How do scientis

阅读材料，回答题。

How does Science Proceed？

How exactly does science work？ How do scientists go about "doing" science？ Ordinarily we think science proceeds in a straightforward way. Ideally, scientists make observations, formulate hypotheses, and test those hypotheses by making further observations. When there is difference between what is observed and what is predicted by the hypothesis, the hypothesis is reviewed. Science proceeds in this way, which is a gradual method of finding the best fit between observation and prediction.

But this idealized version of how one "does" science is naive.Although science demands proof that observations made by one observer be observable by other observers using the same methods.It is by no means clear that even when confronted with identical phenomena different observers will report identical observations.

And it is most certain that, even if the same observations are made, the conclusions as to the meaning of the observations frequently differ.

The fact is that all of us scientists included, see differently. Variations in human perception are well known and have been studied extensively. Distortions in perceptions are frequently seen among observers, even though they may be in identical settings viewing identical phenomena. A documented misperception from history can be found in the experience of Darwin.His ship, Beagle, after anchoring off the Patagonian coast, sent off a landing party in small rowboats. Amazingly, the Patagonian natives watching from shore were blind to the Beagle, but could easily see the tiny rowboats. They have no prior experience of huge sailing ships, but small rowing vessels were an everyday part of their life. Rowboats fit their model of the world but huge ships did not.Their model determined their perceptions.

Our ideas that science proceeds on an utterly objective and straightforward basis ignores the distortions of reality imposed by our own perceptual apparatus. In many cases we see what we have been trained to see, what we are used to seeing. If a subject is fitted with special glasses that are designed to invert the visual field, at first the subject sees everything upside down. After a period of time, as the glasses continue to be worn, a correction is made by our perceptual mechanism and the image is flipped, so that the world once again appears erect.

What is the main idea of the passage？查看材料

A.The research methods used by scientists

B.Observation and human perception variation

C.The relation between hypothesis and observation

D.The human perceptual mechanism

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第7题

阅读材料，回答题： Squishy Cellphones Add aBuzz to CallsVibrating rubber could be the next

阅读材料，回答题：

Squishy Cellphones Add aBuzz to Calls

Vibrating rubber could be the next big thing in mobile communications. They allow people tocommunicate by squishing the phone to transmit__________(51)along with their spoken words.

According to aresearch team at the MIT Medical Lab in CamB．ridge, Massachusetts, the ideawillmake__________(52) more fun.

Many mobile phones can already be made to vibrate (振动) __________(53)ring when you donot want people to know you are getting acall. but these vibrations,__________ (54) by amotorspinning an eccentric(离心的、偏离的) weight inside the device, are too crude for suB．tle com-munication, says AngelaChang of the lab&39;s TangiB．le MediAaGroupl "They&39;re __________ (55) onor off," she says.

But when you grip Chang&39;s prototype(样机) latex(橡胶) cellphone, your fingers and thumbwrap around five__________(56) speakers. They viB．rate __________ (57) your skin around 250times per second. beneath these speakers sit pressure sensors, so you can transmit vibration aswell as __________ (58) it. When you squeeze with afinger, avibration signal is transmitted__________ (59) your caller&39;s corresponding finger. Its __________(60) depends on how hard you squeeze.

She says that within afew minutes of B．eing given __________ (61) the phones, students were using the vibration feature to add emphasis to what they were saying or to interrupt the other speaker. Over time, people even began to transmit their __________ (62) kind of ad hoe (特别的) "Morse code", which they would repeat back to show they were following what the other person was saying." It was pretty easy to communicate, though we didn&39;t specifically pre-arrange __________(63 )," says David Milovieh, one of the students who tried out the device.

Chang thinks "vibralanguages" could __________ (64) for the same reason as texting: some- times people want to communicate something__________(65) everyone nearby knowing what they are saying. "And imagine actually being able to shake someone&39;s hand when you close abusiness seal," she says.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题查看材料

A.voices

B.messages

C.vibRations

D.feelings

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第8题

阅读材料，回答题。 Mind Those Manners on the Subway？ So, there you are, just sitting there

阅读材料，回答题。

Mind Those Manners on the Subway？

So, there you are, just sitting there in the subway car, enjoying that book you just bought. 46Or the person sitting next to you takes out a nail clipper (指甲刀) and begins cutting his or her nails. Annoying？Many of us have to spend some time every day on public transportation47So, to make the trip more pleasant, we suggest the following : Let passengers get off the bus or subway car before you can get on48Stand away from the doors when they are closing. Don&39;t talk loudly on a bus or subway.Chatting loudly with your friends can be annoying to others49Don&39;t think your bags and suitcases (手提箱 ) deserve a seat of their own.Use a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze (打喷嚏) .An uncovered sneeze can spread germs (细菌 ) , especially in crowded places.Don&39;t cut your nails or pick your nose on public transportation. Don&39;t read over other people&39;s shoulder50it can make people uncomfortable.They might think you&39;re too stingy(小气的 ) even to buy a newspaper or they might think you&39;re judging their behavior.

请在第__（46）__处填上正确答案。查看材料

A.Don"t eat food in your car.

B.Don"t shout into your mobile phone on a bus or subway.

C.We all know that some behaviors are simply unacceptable

D.Many people do this on subways， but it"s really annoying

E.Getting off and on in an orderly manner can save time for all.

F.Suddenly， you feel someone leaning over your shoulder reading something with you

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第9题

阅读材料，回答题： Eat to LiveA meager diet may give you health and long life, hut it&39;s

阅读材料，回答题：

Eat to Live

A meager diet may give you health and long life, hut it&39;s not much fun--and it might not e-yen be necessary. We may be aB．le to hang on to most of that youthful vigor even if we don&39;t start todiet until old age.

Stephen Spindler and his colleagues from the University of Californiaat Riverside have found that some of an elderly mouse&39;s liver genes can be made to behave as they did when the mouse wasyoung simply by limiting its food for four weeks. The geneticrejuvenation won&39;t reverse other dam- age causedby time for the mouse, B．ut could help its liver metabolize drugs or get rid of toxins.

Spindler&39;s team fed three mice anormal diet for their whole lives, and fed another three onhalf-rations. Three more mice were switched from the normal diet to half-feed for amonth whenthey were 34 months old--equivalent to about 70 human years.

The researchers checked the activity of 11,000 genes from the mouse livers, and found that46 changed with age in the normally fed mice. The changes were associated with things like in-flammation and free radical production--probably bad news for mouse health. In the mice that haddieted all their lives, 27 of those 46 genes continued to behave like young genes. but the most sur-prising finding was that the mice that only started dieting in old age alsobenefited from 70 percentof these gene changes.

"This is the first indication that these effects kick in pretty quickly," says HuB．er Warnerfrom the National Institute on Aging near Washington D. C.

No one yet knows if calorie restriction works in people as it does in mice, B．ut Spindler ishopeful. "There&39;s attracting and tempting evidence out there that it will work," he says.

If it does work in people, there might be good reasons for rejuvenating the liver. As we get ol-der, our bodies are less efficient at metabolizing drugs, for example. A．brief period of time of die-ting, says Spindler, could be enough to make sure adrug is effective.

but Spindler isn&39;t sure the trade-off is worth it. "The mice get less disease,they live longer,but they&39;re hungry," he says. "Even seeing what adiet does, it&39;s still hard to go to arestaurantand say: &39; I can only eat half of that. &39;"

Spindler hopes we soon won&39;t need to diet at all. His company, Lifespan Genetics in Califor-nia, is looking for drugs that have the effects of calorie restriction.

According to the passage， which of the following is NOT true？查看材料

A.Eating less than usual might make us live longer

B.If we go on adiet when old， we may keep healthy

C.Dieting might not be needed

D.We have to begin dieting since childhood

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第10题

阅读材料，回答题： Trying to Find a PartnerOne of the most striking findings of a recent p

阅读材料，回答题：

Trying to Find a Partner

One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people interviewed,one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with.

Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships？ Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love？ or are we making it harder for ourselves？

It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relation- ships. Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesn&39;t expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children.

But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence.

In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few, generations ago, your choice of soulmate (心上人) was constrained by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never explicit, many marriages were essentially arranged.

Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster (牡蛎) ,you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl.

But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint: the tyranny of choice.

The expectations of partners are inflated to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression.We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isn&39;t, it is disposable. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don&39;t put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship, Of course, this is complicated by realities, The cost of housing and child -I I reanng creates pressure, to have a stable incomeand career before a life partnership,

What does the recent poll show？查看材料

A.It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband

B.It is getting increasingly difficult to start a family

C.It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife

D.It is getting increasingly difficult to develop an intimate relationship with your spouse

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