The AIDS virus has been around for a very long time , but the spread of the disease within the last twenty years or so on such a scale has caused real concern. It seems that in the 1980s the principal

第1题

Some experts believe that, if not for the cultural changes that Africa has experienced, th

e AIDS virus would not have spread to its present extent.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第2题

根据下列文章,请回答 16～22 题。 AIDS The World Health Organization （WHO) says as many

根据下列文章,请回答 16～22 题。

AIDS

The World Health Organization (WHO) says as many as 10 million persons worldwide may have the virus that causes AIDS(艾滋病)．Experts believe about 350，000 persons have the disease．And one million more may get it in the next five years．In the United States，about 50，000 persons have died with AIDS。The country’s top medical official says more than 90 percent of all Armenians who had the AIDS virus five years ago are dead。

There is no cure for AIDS and no vaccine(疫苗)or medicine to prevent it．However，researchers know much more about AIDS than they did just a few years ago．We now know that AIDS is caused by a virus．The virus invades healthy cells，including wt_1ite blood cells that are part of our defense system against disease．It takes control of the healthy call’s genetic material and forces the cell to make a copy of the virus．The cell then dies．And the virus-caused particles move on to invade and kill more healthy cells．

The AIDS virus is carried in a person’s body fluids．The virus can be passed sexually or by sharing instruments used to take intravenous(进入静脉的)drugs．It also can be passed in blood products or from a pregnant woman with AIDS to her developing baby

Many stories about the spread of AIDS are false．You cannot get AIDS by working or attending school with someone who has the disease。You cannot get it by touching drinking glasses or other objects used by such persons．Expels say no one has gotten AIDS by living with caring for or touching an AIDS patient．

第 16 题 According to the WH0，there are now l o million AIDS patients in the world．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第3题

This is a terrible disease, for which we do not yet have a cure. Nor do we have a vaccine.

Meanwhile, the mortality rate for AIDS is 100 percent.

AIDS means that the immune system of a person has gone wrong. The immune system is the biological system in your body which fights off diseases. This system is composed mostly of what are commonly termed "white blood cells."

These cells are the hunters in the body. When a virus, such as the common cold, invades the body, the white blood cells rush to the invader and kill it.

While these blood cells are busy killing an invader, the body's immune system is said to "be under attack." If another virus or bacteria enters the body at the same time as the white blood cells are busy fighting off an invader, the second attacker has a better chance of injuring the rest of the body's system.

Scientists found the virus that causes AIDS and named it HIV. The HIV virus attacks the white blood cells and kills them, thus preventing these white cells from carrying on their important work of killing the other invading viruses.

We cannot tell if a person has an HIV infection just by looking at him. And here lies part of the problem about the spread of HIV infection among people. For at least the first few years after a person has contracted the HIV virus, there are no indications that the person has the HIV virus in his/her bloodstream.

However, during this time the person carrying the virus can pass it onto other people through intimate sexual relations or sharing blood with them.

Then how do we know if we have HIV or not？ The answer is simple. Have an HIV blood test. This simple, painless AIDS test will take only a few minutes of your time, and, if you are at all in doubt about whether you might have contracted the HIV virus, it is a life-saving endeavor.

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第4题

Among the devastating consequences of AIDS has【21】______ its epidemic spread in the develo

Among the devastating consequences of AIDS has 【21】______ its epidemic spread in the developing world. The disease has caused 【22】______ suffering, debilitation, loss of life and disruption of family, social and economic 【23】______ Because of the considerable expense and logistical difficulty in providing antiviral drugs to populations 【24】______ with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus 【25】______ the world, the biomedical community is looking towards vaccines to help solve this compelling problem.

The search for an AIDS vaccine began more than 15 years ago with great 【26】______ and high expectations. With the 【27】______ of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS, it seemed that a 【28】______ would follow closely behind. But despite a large concerted effort, the problem has proven more difficult than 【29】______ , and progress has not 【30】______ the 【31】______ hopes. Here I review the 【32】______ scientific obstacles confronting the development of an effective HIV vaccine, and I consider 【33】______ strategies to overcome these obstacles.

It is instructive to consider the circumstances that have 【34】______ to past successes in vaccine development. The smallpox vaccine is 【35】______ the most successful inventions in the history of 【36】______ Why, 200 years ago, without the benefit of modern biotechnology, did the smallpox vaccine succeed so readily while an AIDS vaccine 【37】______ elusive？ The answer lies in an experiment of nature that provided, to an astute observer, a clear direction for smallpox vaccine development. In this classic story of 【38】______ discovery, Edward Jennet noticed that milk maids who had previously contracted cowpox were 【39】______ to smallpox infection. This observation was the critical event leading to the finding that the cowpox virus cross-reacted immunologically with the smallpox virus and could 【40】______ be used to protect against smallpox.

【21】

A．on

B．with

C．been

D．about

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第5题

根据下列文章,请回答 16～22 题。 A IDS The World Health Organization（WHO)says as many a

根据下列文章,请回答 16～22 题。

A IDS

The World Health Organization(WHO)says as many as 10 million persons worldwide may have the virus that causes AIDS(艾滋病)．Experts believe about 350,000 persons have the disease。And one million more may get it in the next five years．In the United States，about 50,000 persons have died with AIDS．The country’s top medical official says more than 90 percent of all Americans who had the AIDS virus five years ago are dead．

There is no cure for AIDS and no vaccine(疫苗)or medicine to prevent it．However，researchers know much more about AIDS than they did just a few years ago．We now know that AIDS is caused by a virus．The virus invades healthy cells，including white blood cells that are part of our defense system against disease．It takes control of the healthy cell’s genetic(基因的)material and forces the cell to make a copy of the virus．The cell then dies．And the virus-caused particles move on to invade and kill more healthy cells．

The AIDS virus is carried in a person’s body fluids(液体)．The virus can be passed sexually or by sharing instruments used to take intravenous(进入静脉的)drugs．It also can be passed in blood products or from a pregnant woman with AIDS to her developing baby．

Many stories about the spread of AIDS are false．You cannot get AIDS by working or attending school with someone who has the disease．You cannot get it by touching drinking glasses or other objects used by such persons．Experts say no one has gotten AIDS by living with，caring for or touching an AIDS patient．

第 16 题 According to the WH0，there are now 10 million AIDS patients in the world．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第6题

On the 20th【D1】______ of the first official report on AIDS the head of the United Nations

AIDS programme warns the deadly disease may only be at its early stages in many parts of the world. Dr. Piot has said that the disease has already reached the【D2】______【D3】______ since first being【D4】______ in 1981. 58 million people world-wide have【D5】______ the HIV virus,which causes AIDS, while 22 million have 【D6】______related【D7】______. The UN estimates the worlds HIV-【D8】______ population at 36 million, including 25 million in Sub-Saharan Africa. International officials warned that the disease would have【D9】______ political, social and economic【D10】______ in many developing countries.

【D1】

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第7题

New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS VirusA high-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus in

New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus

A high-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus in a few patients continues to show promise.

But researchers won't know for a year or more whether it will work, scientist David Ho told journalists here Wednesday for the Fourth Conference in Viruses and Infections.

"This is a study that's in progress," says Ho, head of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York.

The study involves 20 people who started combinations of anti-HIV drugs very early in the course of the disease, within 90 days of their infections. They've been treated for up to 18 months. Four others have dropped out because of side effects or problems complying with the exacting drug system.

The drugs have knocked the AIDS virus down to undetectable levels in the blood of all remaining patients, s And, in the latest development6, scientists have now tested lymph nodes and semen from a few patients and found no virus reproducing there, Ho says. "Bear in mind that？ undetectable does not equal absent," Ho says.

Ho has calculated that the drugs should be able to wipe out remaining viruses -- at least from known reservoirs throughout the body -- in two to three years. But the only way to prove eradication would be to stop the drugs and see if the virus comes back8. On Wednesday, Ho said he wouldn't ask any patient to consider that step before 2years of treatment.

And he emphasized that he is not urging widespread adoption of such early, aggressive treatment outside of trials9. No one knows the long-term risks.

But other scientists are looking at similar experiments. A federally funded study will put 300 patients on triple-drug treatments and then see if some responding well after six months can continue to suppress the virus on just one or two drugs, says researcher Douglas Richman of the University of California, San Diego. Some patients in that study also may be offered the chance to stop therapy after 18 months or more, he says.

According to the passage, the attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus

A．continues to be hopeful.

B．will be successful in a year.

C．will be successful in future.

D．will stop being hopeful.

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第8题

第3篇New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS VirusA high-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS viru

第3篇

New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus

A high-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus in a few patients continues to show promise.

But researchers won't know for a year or more whether it will work, scientist David Ho told journalists this Wednesday for the Fourth Conference in Viruses and Infections.

"This is a study that's in progress," says Ho, head of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York.

The study involves 20 people who started combinations of anti-HIV drugs very early in the course of the disease, within 90 days of their infections. They've been treated for up to 18 months. Four others have dropped out because of side effects or problems complying with the exacting drug system.

The drugs have knocked the AIDS virus down to undetectable levels in the blood of all remaining patients. And, in the latest development, scientists have now tested lymph nodes and semen from a few patients and found no virus reproducing there, Ho says. "Bear in mind that undetectable does not equal absent," Ho says.

Ho has calculated that the drugs should be able to wipe out remaining viruses--at least from known reservoirs throughout the body--in two to three years. But the only way to prove eradication would be to stop the drugs and see if the virus comes back. On Wednesday, Ho said he wouldn't ask any patient to consider that step before 2 years of treatment.

And he emphasized that he is not urging widespread adoption of such early, aggressive treatment outside of trials. No one knows the long-term risks.

But other scientists are looking at similar experiments. A federally funded study will put 300 patients on triple-drug treatments and then see if some responding well after six months can continue to suppress the virus on just one or two drugs, says researcher Douglas Richman of the University of California, San Diego. Some patients in that study 'also may be offered the chance to stop therapy after 18 months or more, he says.

According to the passage, the attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus

A. continues to be hopeful

B. will be successful in a year

C. will be successful in future

D. will stop being hopeful

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第9题

New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus A high-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus in