第2题
Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.
In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer; for example, learned behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. Thus forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the species.
Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learn ed. Such data offer gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-out- put balance.
From the evolutionary point of view,______.
A.forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously in adaptive
B.if a person is very forgetful he must be very adaptive
C.the gradual process of forgetting is an indication of an individual's adaptability
D.sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequences
第3题
The girl was very sure of herself. She is always ______ (confidence)that she is right.
第4题
She found me very dull.
A.dirty
B.sleepy
C.lazy
D.boring
第5题
Don't be hard on her—she is very ______ and she may start to cry.
A.sensible
B.sensitive
C.sympathetic
D.sophisticated
第7题
A.intelligence
B.intelligent
C.intelligently
D.unintelligent
第8题
Her students like her very much.
→ She is ______.
第9题
She found me very dull
A.dirty
B.sleepy
C.boring
D.lazy
第10题
She got very angry ______ the sight of her husband walking with another woman.
A.by
B.at
C.on
D.of