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阅读材料,回答题: The Weight Experiment1NieolaWaiters has been taking part in experiments

阅读材料,回答题:

The Weight Experiment

1NieolaWaiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gainand lose weight. being locked in asmall room called a" calorimeter" (热量测量室)is one way tofind out. The signs above the two rooms read simply" Chamber One" and" Chamber Two", theseare the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in thename of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads," Please do not enter-work in progress"and in front of the morns advanced machinery registers (记录 ) every move the volunteers make.

Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through ahole in the wall of the calorimeterto the resident volunteer.

2NieolaWaiters is one of the twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent va-rying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicoladoes not have aweight problem, butthought the strict diet might help her with training and fitness program.aself-employed communi-ty dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert(广告)for volunteers at her gym and as she is interested in the whole areaof diet and exercise, shethought she would help out.

3The experiment on Nieolainvolved her spending one day on afixed diet at home and the nextin the room. This sequence(次序) was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calo-rimeter at 8:30 a. m. on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drankwas carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the lastsecond. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and sam-ples were taken for analysis.

4The scientists helped volunteers impose(g确立) akind of order on the long days they faced inthe room. "The first time, I only took one video and abook. but it was OK, because I watched TVthe rest of the time," says Nicola. And twice aday she used the exercisebike. She pedaled(踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn&39;t go too fast.

5It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volun-teers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. believing thatthey may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing ahigh-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicolahas signed up for further ses-sions.

Paragraph 1__________ 查看材料

A.What does the calorimeter look like inside?

B.What program was designed for the experiments?

C.What is acalorimeter?

D.What was the first impression?

E.How did the volunteers kill the time?

F.Why did Nicolaloin in the experiments?

答案
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更多“阅读材料,回答题: The Weight Experiment1NieolaWaiters has been taking part in experiments”相关的问题

第1题

阅读材料,回答题。 BreakfastStudies show that children who eat breakfast do better in sch

阅读材料,回答题。

Breakfast

Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn&39;t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform. better at work as well .Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip (故意略去 ) breakfast.

If we don&39;t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.

People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn&39;t a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast.

A healthy breakfast should contain some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维) . Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆) . Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or in fruits.A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.

Adults who eat breakfast will perform. better at work. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

点击查看答案

第2题

阅读材料,回答题: Squishy Cellphones Add aBuzz to CallsVibrating rubber could be the next

阅读材料,回答题:

Squishy Cellphones Add aBuzz to Calls

Vibrating rubber could be the next big thing in mobile communications. They allow people tocommunicate by squishing the phone to transmit__________(51)along with their spoken words.

According to aresearch team at the MIT Medical Lab in CamB.ridge, Massachusetts, the ideawillmake__________(52) more fun.

Many mobile phones can already be made to vibrate (振动) __________(53)ring when you donot want people to know you are getting acall. but these vibrations,__________ (54) by amotorspinning an eccentric(离心的、偏离的) weight inside the device, are too crude for suB.tle com-munication, says AngelaChang of the lab&39;s TangiB.le MediAaGroupl "They&39;re __________ (55) onor off," she says.

But when you grip Chang&39;s prototype(样机) latex(橡胶) cellphone, your fingers and thumbwrap around five__________(56) speakers. They viB.rate __________ (57) your skin around 250times per second. beneath these speakers sit pressure sensors, so you can transmit vibration aswell as __________ (58) it. When you squeeze with afinger, avibration signal is transmitted__________ (59) your caller&39;s corresponding finger. Its __________(60) depends on how hard you squeeze.

She says that within afew minutes of B.eing given __________ (61) the phones, students were using the vibration feature to add emphasis to what they were saying or to interrupt the other speaker. Over time, people even began to transmit their __________ (62) kind of ad hoe (特别的) "Morse code", which they would repeat back to show they were following what the other person was saying." It was pretty easy to communicate, though we didn&39;t specifically pre-arrange __________(63 )," says David Milovieh, one of the students who tried out the device.

Chang thinks "vibralanguages" could __________ (64) for the same reason as texting: some- times people want to communicate something__________(65) everyone nearby knowing what they are saying. "And imagine actually being able to shake someone&39;s hand when you close abusiness seal," she says.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题 查看材料

A.voices

B.messages

C.vibRations

D.feelings

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第3题

回答题。 The Process of Gaining or Losing WeightThe process of gaining or losing weight c

回答题。

The Process of Gaining or Losing Weight

The process of gaining or losing weight can be explained by comparing your body to your car. Both run 51 fuel, food for your body and gasoline for your car. Both 52 that fuel, first into heat, then energy, some of 53 is used to do work, and some emitted as waste. And 54 .your car uses more energy when the engine is racing than when it is idling, 55 does your body use more energy when you are working hard than 56 you are resting.

For the purpose of this comparison, 57 , there is one significant difference between them. Your car cannot store fuel by turning it into 58 else ; all gasoline not 59 remains as gasoline. But your body stores 60 energy as fat. When the gas tank is 61 empty, the car won&39;t run ; but your body can burn fat to provide more energy.

Therefore, if you want to gain weight, you must do 62 of two things : eat more calories (units of heat, therefore energy ) , or use less through 63 . If you want to lose weight, you do the 64 , decrease your intake of calories or increase the amount of energy you spend. There is 65 way. Gaining or losing weight is always a relation between intake and output of potential energy.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题 查看材料

A.in

B.on

C.for

D.against

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第4题

阅读材料,回答题。 The Drink Your Body Needs Most 1. Our bodies are estimated to be about

阅读材料,回答题。

The Drink Your Body Needs Most

1. Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water.Blood is mostly water and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water.Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物 ) to travel to all our organs.Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.

2. We lose water through urination (排尿) , respiration (呼吸) , and by sweating.If you are very active,you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise, Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水 ) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation (便秘) . A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.

3.A good rule of thumb (好的做法 ) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half.That gives you the number of ounces (盎司 ) of water per day that you need.For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day,If you exercise you should drink another 8 ounces glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water.When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.

4. It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising.If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor.There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don&39;t need.

Paragraph 1__________. 查看材料

A.Ounces of Water Needed Per Day

B.Importance of Water

C.Composition of Water

D.Signs of Dehydration

E.Supply of Water

F.Necessity for Bringing a Bottle for WATER WITH YOU

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第5题

根据下面材料,回答题。 How to Lose Weight ProperlyResearchers stress that we need diet and

根据下面材料,回答题。

How to Lose Weight Properly

Researchers stress that we need diet and exercise to drop pounds. "The most ____51____ way to lose weight is with a combination," says Rena Wing, head of the National Weight Control Center.

____52____ experts also admit that many ____53____ losers find it helps to ____54____ on one or the other. "A lot of people feel helpless at the thought of ____55____ everything--diet, lifestyle," says Bess Marcus,professor of human behavior. at Brown University Medical School. "So ask yourself, &39; ____56____ do I want to start? What am I willing to focus on?&39;"

The ____57____ depends on everything from what you hope to ____58____ to how our life is ____59 .____

If you are in a big hurry to drop pounds ____60____, dieting is the way to go. Decades of ____61____ have shown it&39;s the surest and quickest method. If you are more ____62____ with how you look than with numbers on the scale, though, ____63____ may be the way go to. By increasing physical activity, you&39;ll ____64____ fat and build muscle tissue.____65____ often end up losing both fat and muscle tissue.

Your best approach is one that suits your lifestyle. If you&39;ve tried and fail at one approach, consider the other. "A lot of people have so disappointed that they begin to think they&39;ll never be able to lose weight," says Marcus. "That&39;s when it&39;s time to try something new. Even a small step forward can help people regain confidence and convince themselves they can make even bigger changes."

__________ 查看材料

A.active

B.effective

C.comprehensive

D.productive

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第6题

根据下面材料,回答题。 What Makes Me the Weight I Am?There"s no easy answer to this question

根据下面材料,回答题。

What Makes Me the Weight I Am?

There"s no easy answer to this question. Your genetic makeup, the physical traits that get passed down to you from your parents, plays a big part in determining your size and weight.____46____ But if your parents are smaller than average, you may want to rethink that professional basketball career!

The same goes for your body type. Have you ever heard someone say a person is "big boned" ?

It"s a way of saying the person has a large frame, or skeleton. Big bones usually weight more than small bones.____47____

Like your height or body type, your genes have a lot to say about what your weight will be.

But that"s only part of the story. Being overweight can run in someone"s family, but it may not be because of their genes.____48____ And even though some kids gain weight more easily than others,when they eat right and exercise, most kids can be a healthy and happy weight that"s right for them.

It"s true——the way you live can change the way you look.

How much you weight is a balance between the calories you eat and the calories you use.

____49____ If you spend your free time watching TV, your body won"t use as many calories as it would if you played basketball, skated, or went for a walk. If you are in balance, your weight will stay right for you as you grow. But if you eat more and exercise less, you may become overweight.

____50____

第46题__________ 查看材料

A.That"s why it"s possible for two kids with the same height, but different weights, to both be the right weight.

B.If you eat more calories than your body needs to use, you will gain too much weight.

C.Poor eating and exercise habits also run in families and this may be the reason the members of a family are overweight.

D.However, many overweight people have difficulty reaching their healthy body weight.

E.On the other hand, if you eat less and exercise more, you may lose weight.

F.If both your parents are tall, there is a good chance you"ll be tall.

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第7题

根据下面材料,回答题。 Exercise Lowers Employers&39; Health CostsCompanies can save millio

根据下面材料,回答题。

Exercise Lowers Employers&39; Health Costs

Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday.

They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week, without even losing any weight.

Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.

They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group,Company-wide. The potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees.

But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.

But adding two or more days of light exercise, at least 20 minutes of exercise or workhard enough to increase heart rate and breathing, lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found.

"This indicates that physical activity behavior. could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs," Wang and colleagues wrote.

How can employees help lower the health-care costs? 查看材料

A.By taking more rest

B.By eating less

C.By exercising a little bit

D.By saving more money

点击查看答案

第8题

根据以下材料,回答题The World"s Longest BridgeRumor has it that a legendary (传说的) six-he

根据以下材料,回答题

The World"s Longest Bridge

Rumor has it that a legendary (传说的) six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily__________(46) When completed in 2010,the world"s longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons——equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic—— and stretch 5 kilometers long. "That"s nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built," says structural engineer Shane Rixon.

__________ (47) They"re suspension bridges, massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges (峡谷) . A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure"s mammoth (巨大的) weight, thanks to hefty (高强度的) supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge. The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54, 100-ton towers, which will support most of the bridge"s load. The beefy(结实的 ) cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built.

When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the finst job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. __________ (48) Getting these cables up will be something. It"s not just their length——totally 5.3 kilometers——but their weight.__________ (49)

After lowering vertical "suspender" cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60 meter-wide 54, 630-ton steel roadway, or deck——wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic.

The deck"s weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank (拽) up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons——equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. __________ (50)

回答(46)题 查看材料

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.

B.What do the world"s longest bridges have in common?

C.If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping (呼啸而过) across the Messina Strait Bridge.

D.They"re what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.

E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.

F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons——more than half the bridge"s total mass.

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第9题

根据以下材料,回答题A New Drug for Losing WeightScientists have developed a slimming drug t

根据以下材料,回答题

A New Drug for Losing Weight

Scientists have developed a slimming drug that successfully suppresses appetite and results in a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effects. The drug interferes with appetite control and prevents the build-up of fatty tissue. More importantly, the drug appears to prevent a serious decline metabolic rate——causing tiredness and lethargy——which is typically associated with living on a starvation diet. S a result, mice taking the drug lost 45 percent more weight than mice fed the same amount of food, which compensate for the lack of food by becoming more sluggish.

The scientists, from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, said that C75 is likely to produce a similar effect on humans because appetite control in the brain is thought to be based largely on the same chemical pathways as those in mice. "We are not claiming to have found the fabled weight-loss drug. What we have found, using C75, is a major path way in the brain that the body uses naturally in regulating appetite at least in mice," said Francis Kuhajda, a pathologist and senior team member. "We badly need effective drugs for weight loss. Obesity is a huge problem.

We"re hoping to explore the possibilities of this new pathway," he said.

Discovering a biochemical. Pathway in the brain that controls appetite raises new prospects for eloping slimming aids. Research on leptin, a hormone produced in fatty tissue for controlling fat deposits, has so far failed to produce the expected slimming drug break-through. The latest study, published in the journal Science, showed that even moderate doses of C75 produced a significant loss of appetite, which returned to normal after a few months.

The scientists believe that C75, which they produced synthetically in the laboratory, binds to an enzyme called fatty acid sythase, which is involved in storing excess food intake as fat.

Inhibiting enzyme causes a build-up of a chemical in the liver which acts as a precursor to fat deposition. This precursor is thought to have an indirect effect on the brain, causing appetite suppression.

Normally, when animals fast, a hormone called neuropeptide Y increases sharply in the appe-tite control centers of the brain, stimulating the desire for food. However, when animals are given C75, levels of this hormone fall, leading to a loss of interest in food. Dr Kuhajda said discovering that C75 has no effect on metabolic rate is one of the most significant findings of the study. "If you try to lose weight by starving, your metabolism slows down after a few days," he said. "It"s a survival mechanism that sabotages many diets. We see this in fasting mice. Yet metabolic rate in the C75-treated mice doesn"t slow at all. "Further animals studies will be needed before C75 could be tested on humans.

Living on a starvation diet may result in __________. 查看材料

A.a dramatic loss of weight without any ill effects

B.a long-term loss of interest in eating

C.a slowdown of fat deposition

D.fatigue and inactivity

点击查看答案

第10题

回答题。 Megaplane (巨型飞机 )The Boeing Corp and Europe&39;s Airbus consortium are prep

回答题。

Megaplane (巨型飞机 )

The Boeing Corp and Europe&39;s Airbus consortium are preparing to offer bigger airplanes to the world&39;s airlines. Now that talks on a joint project have broken down, Boeing is pushing a stretched version of the 747, and Airbus is designing an all new aircraft, known as the A3 × ×.

Seating 550 passengers in the basic model, and 650 in a stretched version, the 1.2 million pound A3 × × will not only be the largest airplane in the world, but it will also be one of the most advanced. The outer wings and the horizontal stabilizer (as big as a smaller jet&39;s wing ) will be made of carbon-fiber composite materials, and will be the largest such structures on any aircraft except the B-2 stealth bomber. Metal skins will be welded together with lasers, removing thousands of fasteners.

When a strong wind strikes the A3× ×&39;s 260-foot wing, movable control surfaces will prevent it from flexing like a giant spring. This will make the ride smoother and will save weight by reducing the load on the wing spars. A flexible-skinned flap will subtly change the wing&39;s curvature to match the airplane&39;s changing weight as it bums fuel on each journey.

The A3 × × will carry up to 1,600 meals, filling more than 100 food and beverage cans. To make more room for passengers, Airbus plans to put the carts in the lower hold ; automatic conveyors and eleva-tors will deliver them to the two passenger decks. Airlines have asked Airbus to look at extra features ran-ging from lower-deck sleeper cabins to a children&39;s playroom.

Airbus expects to offer the A3 × × to airlines in 1998, and deliver the first aircraft in 2003.

The basic model of A3 × × can carry more than 500 passengers. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

点击查看答案
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