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Researchers analysed the diet of 16, 000 people in 52 countries and identified three globa

l eating patterns. The typical Western diet, high in fat, salt and meat, accounted for about 30% of heart attack risk in any population. A "prudent" diet high in fruit and vegetables lowered heart risk by a third. An Oriental diet, high in torn, soy and other sauces, made no difference to heart attack risk. People who ate a Western diet had a 35% greater risk of having a heart attack than those who ate little or no fried. The typical Western diet has been widely linked to heart disease. High salt in the diet can raise blood pressure and the wrong type of fat can clog(阻塞)blood vessels. Ellen Mason, a cardiac nurse for the British Heart Foundation, said: "This study shows that it doesnt matter whether you live in Bolton or Bombay, or whether you like to eat British, African Caribbean or Asian foods. The vital thing is to reduce your intake of salty, fried, fatty food to a minimum but increase the amount of fruit and vegetables you eat. "

Which of the following was NOT one of the three global eating patterns？

A．A Western diet.

B．A "prudent" diet.

C．An Oriental diet.

D．A popular diet.

答案

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发布时间：2019-07-04

更多“Researchers analysed the diet of 16, 000 people in 52 countries and identified three globa”相关的问题

第1题

根据以下资料，回答{TSE}题。 Screen Test Every year millions of women are screened with X—ra

ys to pick up signs of breast cancer．If this happens early enough，the disease can often be treated successfully．According to a survey published last year，21 countries have screening programmes．Nine of them，including Australia，Canada，the us and Spain，screen women under 50． But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial，partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer．Als0，younger women must be given higher doses of X—rays because their breast tissue is denser． Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160．000 women at ll local clinics．After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation，they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause． The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board(NR—PB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100，000 women，180f them fatal．The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers． The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is“not very significant”corn—pared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated．The Valencia programme， they say，detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every l00，000 women screened． But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45，because they would be exposed to less radiation．The resuits of their study，they suggest，could help“optimise the technique’’for breast cancer screening． “There is a trade—off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks．”admits Mi—chael Clark of the NRPB．But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution．“0n the basis of the current data，for every lo cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life．That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme．” {TS}Paragraph 2————————————

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第2题

根据以下材料，回答题Screen Test（1） Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to

根据以下材料，回答题

Screen Test

（1） Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early cough， the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a survey published last year，21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them， including Australia， Canada， the US and Spain， screen women under 50.

（2） But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial， partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also， younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.

（3） Researchers at the Polytechnic University1 of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160，000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women"s increasing dose of radiation， they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.

（4） The mathematical model recommended by Britain"s National Radiological Protection Board（NRPB） predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100，000 women，18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led， to a lower figure of 20 cancers.

（5） The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is "not very significant"compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme， they say， detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100，000 women screened.

（6） But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45， because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study， they suggest， could help "optimise （完善）the technique" for breast cancer screening.

（7） "There is a trade-off （平衡） between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks."admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. "On the basis of the current data， for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That"s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme."

Paragraph 2 ___________ 查看材料

A.Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman

B.Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation Models

C.Investigating the Effect of Screening

D.Effects Predicted by Two Different

E.Treatment of Cancers

F.Factors That Trigger Cancers

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第3题

听力原文：The human brain processes male and female voices differently, according to a rece

听力原文： The human brain processes male and female voices differently, according to a recent study, which explains why most of us hear female voices more clearly. The study also explains how we form. mental images of people based only on the sound of their voices. The findings, published in the journal NeuroImage, might also give insight into why many men tire of hearing women speak. It seems the complexity of female voices requires a lot of brain activity.

"'It is females' increased use of prosody, or the natural 'melody' of speech, that makes their voices more complex," says author Professor Michael Hunter. Hunter, professor of medicine and biomedical sciences at the University of Sheffield's Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, says these qualities are not related to pitch, but rather to the vibration and number of sound waves.

For the study Hunter and his colleagues played recordings of male and female voices to 12 men while they underwent MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, brain scans. Test subjects assigned a gender to the voices they heard while the scans took place, and were 98% to 99% accurate. Researchers monitored the areas of the brain that showed activity during the scans.

The scientists found that female voices activated the brain's auditory section. But male voices activated the area at the back of the brain called the mind's eye, where people compare other individuals and things to themselves. While the researchers only analysed how a male brain works, they theorized that female voices are always processed in the brain's auditory region, even when women are listening to other women.

But Hunter thinks female voices may also activate the mind's eye in females, since a woman would compare her voice to that of the other female speaker. Since humans process female voices in an area of the brain that's geared for sound, we tend to hear female voices more clearly. While Hunter believes female voices are complex, he says that once they are interpreted in the auditory part of the brain, they are more fully and readily decoded.

Why most of us hear women voices more clearly？

A．Because their voices are more pleasant to listen to.

B．Because the place possessing voices in the brain is different.

C．Because listening to women requires more brain activities.

D．Because women's voices are full of melodies.

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第4题

Screen Test1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of br

Screen Test

1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be. treated successfully. According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.

2. But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.

3. Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women's cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.

4. The mathematical model recommended by Britain's National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers.

5. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is "not very significant" compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.

6. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help "optimise the technique" for breast cancer screening.

7. "There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks," admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. "On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That's why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme."

A. Risk of Screening to Younger Women

B. Investigating the Effect of Screening

C. Effects Predicted by Two Different Models

D. Treatment of Cancers

E. Minimizing of Radiation Exposure

F. Factors That Trigger Cancers

Paragraph 2______

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第5题

Curtis Deutsch at the University of California at Los Angeles and colleagues analysed data

A.on

B.in

C.at

D.with

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第6题

Motoring Technology1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 mi

Motoring Technology

1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-- though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.

Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area2of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don't miss crucial road signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn't distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.

Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology "sees through" high-sided vehicles blocking your view.

And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape.

And alternatives to fossil-fuel based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research. Fuel cells based on hydrogen burn cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort,

But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don't want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against car theft. These communication systems can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help.

Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analysed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyone's personal chauffeur, but their latest efforts suggest that won't be soon.

What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate ？

A．They are developing faster electric vehicles.

B．They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every year.

C．They focus their research on safety and new fuels.

D．They are designing fully automatic cars.

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第7题

Screen Test1．Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of bre

Screen Test

1．Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a survey published last year，21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.

2．But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial，partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.

3．Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women's cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.

4．The mathematical model recommended by Britain's National Radiological Protection Board(NR- PB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women,18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower

figure of 20 cancers.

5．The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is "not very significant" compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme，they say，detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.

6．But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45,because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help "optimize the technique" for breast cancer screening.

7．"There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks." admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution."0n the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That's why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme.

A．Risk of Screening to Younger Women

B．Investigating the Effect Of Screening

C．Effects Predicted by Two Different Models

D．Treatment of Cancers

E．Minimizing of Radiation Exposure

F．Factors That Trigger Cancers

Paragraph 2______

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第8题

Why can't we divide film into various elements for analysis？A．Because these elements are i

Why can't we divide film into various elements for analysis？

A．Because these elements are interwoven with each other and cannot keep be separated without failing to appreciate a film as a whole.

B．Because films cannot be written down and it is inconvenient to analyse them.

C．Because films elements are too complicated.

D．Because films need not to be analysed in detail.

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第9题

The researchers maintain that chimps are the cleverest animal.A．YB．NC．NG

The researchers maintain that chimps are the cleverest animal.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第10题

A．victimsB．participantsC．researchersD．partners

A.victims

B.participants

C.researchers

D.partners

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