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A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
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更多“Both the UK and the USA lack a national cuisine as a result of similar historical developm”相关的问题
第1题
The UK is a country that is.
28.The British people are.
29.Coaches in the UK are.
30.Fish and chips are.
A faster but more expensive than buses
B both ancient and modern
C humorous and hospitable
D cheap and efficient
E traditional and famous
F clever and hardworking
第2题
In order to attract more customers, Eurostar's trains have already
A．stopped at a few towns and cities between London and Paris.
B．increased both daytime and overnight services.
C．increased service front UK to cities in Holland and Germany.
D．connected UK and other European countries directly.
第3题
？For each question 15—20, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.
The UK diversity management literature has tended to focus on its implementation in the public sector rather than in the commercial sector. Hicks-Clarke and He’s work considers the links between gender diversity and organizational performance in both retailing and the National Health Service but found that survey analysis was not the most appropriate way of exploring diversity climates in the retail company. Initially, the study developed from an approach from the UK high-street operation which was seeking to create more innovative HR practices to support a marketing strategy of appealing to a more diverse customer base. The decision to participate in the study suggests that not only are diversity issues growing in significance for UK retailers but, arguably, point to an absence of guidance on how to achieve diversity management in practice.
The retailer had three distinct businesses: the UK high street, its online business and the US retailing chain. The online business, selling products through its website and other interactive channels, employed approximately 100 people all centrally located in one UK premises. In contrast, the UK high street and US businesses were much larger and more widely dispersed. Both businesses had similar structures (head office, regional level and store level) and relied on formal documents to disseminate company policies. The UK high-street business had approximately 530 stores and 17, 000 staff, and has occupied a dominant position in UK retailing since its inception more than 200 years ago. Established in 1985, the US business employed 3,600 staff and had a total of 570 stores in airports and hotels, predominately in North America. A case study approach was selected as the most likely means of gathering insights into understanding the concept of diversity management and how managers applied this in their working environments. Over 12 months, 40 semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals holding managerial responsibilities in the UK business operations and with a small number of ssnior HR specialists from the relevant head office who were the architects of the equality and diversity policies and procedures. The majority of the samples were store managers but a number had wider regional or general managerial roles and not only had a responsibility for diversity issues but also experienced these as employees. Although an important consideration was the diversity of respondents, and every effort was made to ensure that they reflected a wide range of visible characteristics, the main priority of the study was to obtain the views of those staff with an organizational responsibility for the interpretation and application of equality and diversity policies. This meant that the diversity of the sample was constrained by the composition of the population in such roles.
The result was a sample that was 70 percent female and 30 percent male, with an age composition ranging from mid-twenties to late fifties, although the majority were in their thirties or earlier forties. There was only one non-white manager in the UK sample, and one with a visible physical disability. It was difficult to select respondents on the grounds of their non-visible diversity, such as religion and sexuality, as these differences were not made known unless during the interview the respondent provided the information that they were, for example, Christian. The large numbers employed in the UK high street and US businesses, combined with the fluid nature of job roles in the online business, meant that snowball sampling was employed to select interviewees. This technique relies on respondents to identify other suitable people to interview. It is recogn
A．The study is to expose the thought of a number of managers who were responsible for the application of organizational equality and diversity policies in the retailing industry.
B．The study is mainly about in the implementation of organizational diversity initiatives, employers need to take greater account of the tensions facing line managers.
C．Line managers regard a diversity management agenda concerned with recognizing and responding to individual differences.
D．The study is to explore through qualitative methods the understandings, perceptions of fair treatment and reported actions of a group of managers.
第4题
听力原文： Now, should a library be a quiet place to read a book or a lively centre where you can hang out and drink coffee？ And can it be both？ Author Tracy Chevalier who is also chairman of the Society of Authors, told MoFo News she is worried library is sacrificing books in favor of internet access and other facilities. Lena Techaty has mom.
Where I live？ I have just a very small public library and, urn, I've noticed over the years that there are fewer and fewer shelves and more and more computers that's just slowly taking over and there are fewer and fewer places to sit in and look at any books and there are fewer books.
Is she right？ Are books disappearing from our library shelves？ Lena's figures show that in the UK last year, while people visiting libraries increased, the number of books in libraries actually fell by 3%. And the amount spent on books and other reading material also dropped, com- pared that to near 20% rise in the money spent on online resource.
Which is the most appropriate title for the passage？
A．The Development of Library in the UK
B．More Books and Fewer Computers in the Library
C．More Computers and Fewer Books in the Library
D．The Government's Growing Investment in the Library
第5题
Education is big business. In fact for both the UK and the US, income from foreign brain power is greater than export sales of arms and ammunition. But security fears and restrictive visa controls are shrinking America's dominance of the 2-million-strong international student market, while in Britain a third of colleges reported a drop in last year's foreign enrolments due to visa problems. Nick Mackie, BBC News, Chongqing.
According to the report, how many overseas are now' studying in Britain？
A．100,000
B．300,000
C．600,000
D．900,000
第6题
W: Yes, certainly. I was a marketing consultant, responsible for marketing ten UK hotels. They were all luxury hotels in the leisure sector, all of a very high standard.
M: Which markets were you responsible for？
W: For Europe and Japan.
M: I see from your resume that you speak Japanese. Have you ever been to Japan？
W: Yes, I have. I spent a month in Japan in 2006. I met all the key people in the tourist industry, the big tour operators and tourist organizations. As I speak Japanese, I had a very big advantage.
M: Yes, of course. Have you bad any contact with Japan in your present job？
W: Yes. I've had a lot. The troth is I have become very popular with the Japanese, both for holidays end for business conferences. In fact, the market for all types of luxury holidays for the Japanese has increased a lot recently.
M: Realty, I'm interested to hear more about that, but first, ten me, have you ever traveled on a luxury train？ The Orient Express, for example.
W: No I haven't, but I have traveled on a glacier express to Switzerland and I traveled across China by train about 8 years ago. I love train travel. That's why Fm very interested in this job.
(20)
A．Marketing consultancy.
B．Professional accountancy.
C．Luxury hotel management.
D．Business conference organization.
第7题
How to approach Reading Test Part Two
&8226;In this part of the Reading Test you read a text with gaps in it, and choose the best sentence to fill each gap from a set of eight sentences.
&8226;First read the text for overall meaning, then go back and look for the best sentence for each gap.
&8226;Make sure the sentence fits both the meaning and the grammar of the text around the gap.
&8226;Read the text on the opposite page from an article about how a company reduced its transport costs.
&8226;Choose the best sentence from below to fill each of the gaps.
&8226;For each gap 9 - 14, mark one letter (A - H) on your Answer Sheet.
&8226;Do not use any letter more than once.
Route to big delivery savings
There are few areas left within the world's largest businesses where one close look can deliver instant savings of 1 per cent of sales. For Rhodia, the chemicals arm of French conglomerate Rh6ne-Poulenc, scrutiny of the company's transport costs in the UK led to just such savings. Management consultants A.T. Kearney were commissioned to review the company's operations. They scoured order books, invoices and transport logs at the company's fourteen UK sites. some transport they could not account for at all Surprising as it may seem, there were simply no records.
A.T. Kearney's initial survey found that transport accounted for 10 per cent of the company's traceable spending in the UK, and that during a 12-month period, 235 different hauliers had moved products for the company. The company were also running a 30-strong fleet of their own. (9) In a more positive light, though, they meant that the opportunity to improve was huge.
Transport buying was being dictated by the backgrounds of the buyers, rather than rational criteria. (10) Instead, they were typically former drivers or site workers who bought transport from a network of contacts built up over many years.
Even where buyers were seeking tile cheapest transport, their task was complicated by numerous different tariffs for different measures. For A.T. Kearney, the solution lay in a comprehensive, standardised tendering process. During the following weeks, all the company's existing suppliers, Rhodia's own fleet, and others were invited to tender for business. (11) Modelling of these responses began: what if this part of the business was given to X, and this part to Y - what does it do to costs？
Rhodia then went back to the most promising applicants and offered them deals for packages of business. (12) In this way the company ensured that they got the best possible arrangement. Inevitably, this process favoured large suppliers. (13) For example, a driver with his own lorry, who had been transporting goods for the company for years, submitted a tender. A sub- contracting arrangement was made for him with one of the final suppliers.
Today, Rhodia have five main hauliers, who account for 90 per cent of the company's transport spending. All rates are standardised: the whole system is a very simple one. But perhaps the most extraordinary outcome from this monumental number-crunching exercise was the bottom line impact. (14) The new set-up has delivered savings of more than 25 per cent. And the company is confident of achieving even more savings.
A Before the review, transport was eating up 3 per cent of the company's UK sales revenue.
B Nevertheless, the situation was not helped by the fragmented nature of the haulage industry.
C More than 60 did so, and their quotes were then analysed.
D Among the terms they included in these contracts were requirements for improvements in costs, flexibility and reliability.
E None had come into lo
第8题
听力原文： The quality and breadth of British arts and popular culture have been enriched through the contribution of individuals from many backgrounds and traditions that have come to settle in the UK Over the years.
Television and radio have moved towards including a minority ethnic dimension in both mainstream and specialist programming. In newspapers a range of ethnic minority publications is published in Britain, from daily newspapers to trade journals.
Britain's urban young are looked to by youth worldwide for their style. in dress, appearance and music. That style. owes much to the ethnic diversity of Britain's young people, which they can draw on and fuse together, resulting in a unique cross-over of ethnic and cultural influences.
A growing number of museums now acknowledge the role of ethnic diversity in Britain's past and present life, such as the Liverpool Maritime Museum.
The contribution of ethnic minority communities has enriched the range of arts in Britain, bringing new forms, new talents and new ways of performing.
Sportsmen and sportswomen from ethnic minority groups have contributed to Britain's sporting prowess from the last century onwards. Many have achieved recognition at world class and Olympic as well as national level in sports such as soccer, cricket, and boxing.
Ethnic food is now part of everyday British diet, whether it's eating at home or eating out. Supermarket shelves reflect the diversity of the nation's cuisine, with curry, chow mein, pasta and pizza becoming staples.
What is this talk mainly about？
A．The role of youth in bringing out new form. of popular culture.
B．The role of television in mixing together different cultures and traditions.
C．How British cultural life is influenced by people coming from different backgrounds.
D．How the minority groups in Britain struggle to adpat themselves into the mainstream life.
第9题
A country may lack natural resources: although the UK has discovered and used North Sea oil, it lacks reserves of many minerals such as iron ore. The country will therefore have to obtain what it lacks naturally from other countries, again by trading its own surplus products.
The United Kingdom depends on foreign trade.
Imports are received from other countries and paid for by the UK. Exports are sent overseas, for which the country receives payment. The trade consists of both "visible" and "invisible".
Visible trade consists of goods that are imported or exported. Invisible trade is made up of services such as banking, insurance and tourism, which are also imported and exported. There will be further discussion on it later.
A country benefits from trading with other countries. These benefits come from greater competition, greater specialization and greater choice.
The United Kingdom needs to trade with other countries for many reasons:
1．It lacks natural resources and raw materials.
The type of climate means that certain foodstuffs cannot be grown naturally and minerals not found here will have to be imported.
2．It needs foreign currency to buy what it cannot produce, and this foreign currency is gained by selling exports.
3．Its manufacturers gain from wider markets, allowing greater production and economies of scale.
4．As trade increases, unemployment may fall, which benefits the country as a whole, as well as an individual worker.
5．Its population gains from the wider choice of goods and services now available.
However, there are some changes in UK trade; until recently, the United Kingdom was regarded by other countries as essentially a producer of manufactured goods for export, with raw materials and foodstuffs being imported in return. Exports of manufactured goods and semi-manufactures' are still very important, and are boosted nowadays by the export of North Sea oil.
The large imports to the UK are now also finished manufactured goods, with foodstuff imports taking a smaller proportion of the total than previously. We said last time that Britain depended on trade in order to survive. Generally speaking, she is not rich in natural resources and must therefore import large quantities of food and raw materials (crude oil, chemicals, ironware etc.). She must export large quantities of manufactured goods in order to pay for the food and raw materials and maintain a favorable balance of trade. Trade in commodities like oil and cars is known as visible trade.
However, there is another type of trade known as invisible trade. Invisible trade is not concerned with commodities but with movements of money. It includes invisible imports such as money spent by the British government overseas, loans to developing countries, sterling spent by British tourists abroad, payments to foreign shipping companies and so on. At first sight these payments look like exports because the money goes overseas, but they are in fact imports because the expenditure they represent is lost to the British economy.
Similarly, there are invisible exports such as profits, interest and dividends from overseas investment, foreign currency spent by tourists to Britain, payments received by British shipping companies, receipts from insurance, etc.
During the late 1990's Britain went through a long crisis in her balance of payments. The balance of payments is a complicated matter, but basically it is the difference between what a country spends and what it earns. For various reasons Britain was spending more abroad than she was earning during 1997 and 1998. So there was a balance of payments deficit. In 19
A．raw materials.
B．manufactured goods.
C．food products.
第10题
？Read the article below about marketing.
？Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C, or D on the opposite page.
？For each question 19--33, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet.
Marketing
Mergers agencies find out whether there is a demand for a product and what sort of demand it is. They will want to know if there are competitors to the product they are going to place; who will use it--men, women, or both; will there be only one section of men or women who will use it, would a low price (19) more customers, or would they need to add something to it to make it popular, or change its packaging— (20) it？ For the (21) to these and other questions they will make a survey--an examination--of the market. The survey most people are (22) with is the questionnaire; where a (23) --a specially selected group of people--are asked questions about products they use: and why they buy them. But market research techniques can be more complicated than this, (24) for example, a group of people discussing a subject, say, (25) hygiene, to find out if a new toothpaste will sell. Tests may be made by giving away (26) samples of the new product, or reactions to a brand name--the name of a product--may be studied to find out whether a new product will be (27) on the market. From the information (28) , the marketing companies can prepare their advertising campaign--the (29) plan.
There are two types of advertising--product and brand advertising. Product advertising tells people that a new invention or device is being sold. Perhaps a new design of typewriters with special (30) or a new pen that is easier to use. Brand advertising tells people there is a new name on the (31) . A product, what it does, and how it is made, could be the same as (32) , for example, soap powder, but its name is different. In the UK there are basically (33) two detergent, or soap companies which produce hundreds of brand names for powders that are really the same product.
(19)
A．attract
B．cater
C．frighten
D．apply
