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[主观题]

根据材料,回答题。 The Weight ExperimentNicola Walters has been taking part in experiments i

根据材料,回答题。

The Weight Experiment

Nicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain

and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a" calorimeter"(热量测量室)s one way to find out.

1 The signs above the two rooms read simply "Chamber One" and "Chamber Two". These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads" Please do not enter——work in progress" and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.

2 Nicola Waiters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help With her training and fitness programme. As a self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.

3 The experiment on Nicola involved her"spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on. everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine, timed to the last second.

At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysts.

4 The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room."The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time," says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled (踩踏板)

for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn"t go too fast.

5 It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.

Paragraph 1 查看材料

A.What does the calorimeter look like inside?

B.What program was designed for the experiment?

C.What is a calorimeter?

D.What is the first impression?

E.How do the volunteers kill the time?

F.Why did Nicola join in the experiments?

答案
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更多“根据材料,回答题。 The Weight ExperimentNicola Walters has been taking part in experiments i”相关的问题

第1题

根据下面材料,回答题。 How to Lose Weight ProperlyResearchers stress that we need diet and

根据下面材料,回答题。

How to Lose Weight Properly

Researchers stress that we need diet and exercise to drop pounds. "The most ____51____ way to lose weight is with a combination," says Rena Wing, head of the National Weight Control Center.

____52____ experts also admit that many ____53____ losers find it helps to ____54____ on one or the other. "A lot of people feel helpless at the thought of ____55____ everything--diet, lifestyle," says Bess Marcus,professor of human behavior. at Brown University Medical School. "So ask yourself, &39; ____56____ do I want to start? What am I willing to focus on?&39;"

The ____57____ depends on everything from what you hope to ____58____ to how our life is ____59 .____

If you are in a big hurry to drop pounds ____60____, dieting is the way to go. Decades of ____61____ have shown it&39;s the surest and quickest method. If you are more ____62____ with how you look than with numbers on the scale, though, ____63____ may be the way go to. By increasing physical activity, you&39;ll ____64____ fat and build muscle tissue.____65____ often end up losing both fat and muscle tissue.

Your best approach is one that suits your lifestyle. If you&39;ve tried and fail at one approach, consider the other. "A lot of people have so disappointed that they begin to think they&39;ll never be able to lose weight," says Marcus. "That&39;s when it&39;s time to try something new. Even a small step forward can help people regain confidence and convince themselves they can make even bigger changes."

__________ 查看材料

A.active

B.effective

C.comprehensive

D.productive

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第2题

根据下面材料,回答题。 What Makes Me the Weight I Am?There"s no easy answer to this question

根据下面材料,回答题。

What Makes Me the Weight I Am?

There"s no easy answer to this question. Your genetic makeup, the physical traits that get passed down to you from your parents, plays a big part in determining your size and weight.____46____ But if your parents are smaller than average, you may want to rethink that professional basketball career!

The same goes for your body type. Have you ever heard someone say a person is "big boned" ?

It"s a way of saying the person has a large frame, or skeleton. Big bones usually weight more than small bones.____47____

Like your height or body type, your genes have a lot to say about what your weight will be.

But that"s only part of the story. Being overweight can run in someone"s family, but it may not be because of their genes.____48____ And even though some kids gain weight more easily than others,when they eat right and exercise, most kids can be a healthy and happy weight that"s right for them.

It"s true——the way you live can change the way you look.

How much you weight is a balance between the calories you eat and the calories you use.

____49____ If you spend your free time watching TV, your body won"t use as many calories as it would if you played basketball, skated, or went for a walk. If you are in balance, your weight will stay right for you as you grow. But if you eat more and exercise less, you may become overweight.

____50____

第46题__________ 查看材料

A.That"s why it"s possible for two kids with the same height, but different weights, to both be the right weight.

B.If you eat more calories than your body needs to use, you will gain too much weight.

C.Poor eating and exercise habits also run in families and this may be the reason the members of a family are overweight.

D.However, many overweight people have difficulty reaching their healthy body weight.

E.On the other hand, if you eat less and exercise more, you may lose weight.

F.If both your parents are tall, there is a good chance you"ll be tall.

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第3题

根据下面材料,回答题。 Exercise Lowers Employers&39; Health CostsCompanies can save millio

根据下面材料,回答题。

Exercise Lowers Employers&39; Health Costs

Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday.

They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week, without even losing any weight.

Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.

They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group,Company-wide. The potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees.

But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.

But adding two or more days of light exercise, at least 20 minutes of exercise or workhard enough to increase heart rate and breathing, lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found.

"This indicates that physical activity behavior. could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs," Wang and colleagues wrote.

How can employees help lower the health-care costs? 查看材料

A.By taking more rest

B.By eating less

C.By exercising a little bit

D.By saving more money

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第4题

回答题。 The Process of Gaining or Losing WeightThe process of gaining or losing weight c

回答题。

The Process of Gaining or Losing Weight

The process of gaining or losing weight can be explained by comparing your body to your car. Both run 51 fuel, food for your body and gasoline for your car. Both 52 that fuel, first into heat, then energy, some of 53 is used to do work, and some emitted as waste. And 54 .your car uses more energy when the engine is racing than when it is idling, 55 does your body use more energy when you are working hard than 56 you are resting.

For the purpose of this comparison, 57 , there is one significant difference between them. Your car cannot store fuel by turning it into 58 else ; all gasoline not 59 remains as gasoline. But your body stores 60 energy as fat. When the gas tank is 61 empty, the car won&39;t run ; but your body can burn fat to provide more energy.

Therefore, if you want to gain weight, you must do 62 of two things : eat more calories (units of heat, therefore energy ) , or use less through 63 . If you want to lose weight, you do the 64 , decrease your intake of calories or increase the amount of energy you spend. There is 65 way. Gaining or losing weight is always a relation between intake and output of potential energy.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题 查看材料

A.in

B.on

C.for

D.against

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第5题

根据以下材料,回答题A New Drug for Losing WeightScientists have developed a slimming drug t

根据以下材料,回答题

A New Drug for Losing Weight

Scientists have developed a slimming drug that successfully suppresses appetite and results in a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effects. The drug interferes with appetite control and prevents the build-up of fatty tissue. More importantly, the drug appears to prevent a serious decline metabolic rate——causing tiredness and lethargy——which is typically associated with living on a starvation diet. S a result, mice taking the drug lost 45 percent more weight than mice fed the same amount of food, which compensate for the lack of food by becoming more sluggish.

The scientists, from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, said that C75 is likely to produce a similar effect on humans because appetite control in the brain is thought to be based largely on the same chemical pathways as those in mice. "We are not claiming to have found the fabled weight-loss drug. What we have found, using C75, is a major path way in the brain that the body uses naturally in regulating appetite at least in mice," said Francis Kuhajda, a pathologist and senior team member. "We badly need effective drugs for weight loss. Obesity is a huge problem.

We"re hoping to explore the possibilities of this new pathway," he said.

Discovering a biochemical. Pathway in the brain that controls appetite raises new prospects for eloping slimming aids. Research on leptin, a hormone produced in fatty tissue for controlling fat deposits, has so far failed to produce the expected slimming drug break-through. The latest study, published in the journal Science, showed that even moderate doses of C75 produced a significant loss of appetite, which returned to normal after a few months.

The scientists believe that C75, which they produced synthetically in the laboratory, binds to an enzyme called fatty acid sythase, which is involved in storing excess food intake as fat.

Inhibiting enzyme causes a build-up of a chemical in the liver which acts as a precursor to fat deposition. This precursor is thought to have an indirect effect on the brain, causing appetite suppression.

Normally, when animals fast, a hormone called neuropeptide Y increases sharply in the appe-tite control centers of the brain, stimulating the desire for food. However, when animals are given C75, levels of this hormone fall, leading to a loss of interest in food. Dr Kuhajda said discovering that C75 has no effect on metabolic rate is one of the most significant findings of the study. "If you try to lose weight by starving, your metabolism slows down after a few days," he said. "It"s a survival mechanism that sabotages many diets. We see this in fasting mice. Yet metabolic rate in the C75-treated mice doesn"t slow at all. "Further animals studies will be needed before C75 could be tested on humans.

Living on a starvation diet may result in __________. 查看材料

A.a dramatic loss of weight without any ill effects

B.a long-term loss of interest in eating

C.a slowdown of fat deposition

D.fatigue and inactivity

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第6题

根据以下材料,回答题The World"s Longest BridgeRumor has it that a legendary (传说的) six-he

根据以下材料,回答题

The World"s Longest Bridge

Rumor has it that a legendary (传说的) six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily__________(46) When completed in 2010,the world"s longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons——equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic—— and stretch 5 kilometers long. "That"s nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built," says structural engineer Shane Rixon.

__________ (47) They"re suspension bridges, massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges (峡谷) . A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure"s mammoth (巨大的) weight, thanks to hefty (高强度的) supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge. The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54, 100-ton towers, which will support most of the bridge"s load. The beefy(结实的 ) cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built.

When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the finst job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. __________ (48) Getting these cables up will be something. It"s not just their length——totally 5.3 kilometers——but their weight.__________ (49)

After lowering vertical "suspender" cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60 meter-wide 54, 630-ton steel roadway, or deck——wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic.

The deck"s weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank (拽) up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons——equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. __________ (50)

回答(46)题 查看材料

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.

B.What do the world"s longest bridges have in common?

C.If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping (呼啸而过) across the Messina Strait Bridge.

D.They"re what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.

E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.

F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons——more than half the bridge"s total mass.

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第7题

根据以下材料,回答题HighwaysWith the increase in auto production, private turnpike (收费公

根据以下材料,回答题

Highways

With the increase in auto production, private turnpike (收费公路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387,000 miles Of paved roads. At that time,

there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or weight of trucks. During the World War I, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, he noted: "The old convoy (车队) had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany"s Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land."

The interstate highway system was finally started in 1956. To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Considering the many geographic features of the country such as mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, deserts and plains, innovative designs of roadways began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of America.

Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U.S., and the U.S. with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians,or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S. roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads).

By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs,and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural program, health care,and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish most: personal freedom of mobility.

The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation"s economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent of the nation"s freight deliveries arrive by truck;and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle.

Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.

National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第8题

根据下面内容,回答题: Salt,shells or metals are still used as money in out of- he w

根据下面内容,回答题:

Salt,shells or metals are still used as money in out of- he way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange(19)_______to use as money,(20)_______in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable,it is often an(21)_______necessity.Cakesb of salt,stamped to show their(22)_______,were used as money in some countries until recent(23)_______ ,and cakes of salt(24)_______buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.

Sea shells(25)_______as money at some time(26)_______another over the greater part of the Old world.These were(27)_______mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the

Indian Ocean,and were traded to India and China.In Africa,shells were traded tight acrossthe(28)_______from East to West.

Metal,valued by weight,(29)_______ coins in many parts of the world.Iron,in lumps,bars or rings,is still used in many countries(30)_______paper money.It Can either be exchanged(31)_______goods,or made into tools,weapons,or ornaments.The early money of China,apart from shells,was of bronze,(32) _______in flat,round pieces with a hole in the middle,called“cash”.The(33) _______of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.

Nowadays,coins and notes have replaced nearly all the more picturesque forms of money,and while in one or two of the more remote countries people still hold it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals,examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题 查看材料

A.object

B.article

C.substance

D.category

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第9题

根据下面短文内容,回答题。 A Health ProfileA health profile is a portrait of all of the fa

根据下面短文内容,回答题。

A Health Profile

A health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health. To draw your health profile, you will__________(1) what diseases run in your family, what health hazards you may be exposed to__________(2) work, how your daily__________(3) compares to the recommended standards, how much time per week you __________ (4) exercising and what type of exercise you engage(5) how stressful your work and family environments are,what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and __________ (6) or not you have any one of a number of addictions. __________ (7) this portrait, your should have a checkup to determine how your blood, heart, and lungs are functioning. This checkup will serve__________(8) a baseline, to which you can then compare later tests.

__________(9) this profile is thoroughly drawn, you can begin to think about setting health priorities based__________(10) your particular portrait. For example, if you drink two martinis every evening, have a high-stress__________(11), are overweight, smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use marijuana occasionally on weekends, you should quit smoking first, followed__________(12)losing the excess weight, reducing the stress of your job, giving up your marihuana habit, and then finally giving some __________ (13) to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer, and then heart disease. Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life, who is __________ (14) excellent health, a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will__________ (15) him in the future.

____________ 查看材料

A.know

B.have known

C.need know

D.need toknow

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第10题

根据以下材料,回答题The iPad(1) The iPad is a tablet computer (平板电脑) designed and devel

根据以下材料,回答题

The iPad

(1) The iPad is a tablet computer (平板电脑) designed and developed byApple. It is particularly marketed as a platform. for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals (期刊), movies,music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smart phones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.

(2) The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.

(3) Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a multi-touch display——a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus (触控笔) . The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse (浏览) the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The device is managed and synchronized (同步 ) by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable.

(4) An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options.One of the most common uses is for e-mail services, iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their e-mail accounts.

(5) While the iPad is mostly used by consumers, it also has been taken up by business users.Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost & Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.

Paragraph 2 __________ 查看材料

A.Online stores

B.Differences from iPhone

C.Display and data connection

D.Business usage

E.Features and applications

F.Operating system

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