第1题
在两种商品交换的经济体中, 两个人(a,b) 有如下的效用函数:Ua(Xa)=ln
X1a+2ln2a,Ub(Xb)=lnX1b+2ln2b,假定a最初的资源禀赋Ra=(9,3),即a拥有9个X1和3个X2;而b最初的资源禀赋为Rb=(12,6),即b拥有12个Xb和6个Xb定义两种商品X1和X2的价格之比P1/P2=ρ,并标准化商品2的价格P2=1。证明:均衡的价格水平ρ°=0.5。
第2题
有一种细菌修复系统称为X,能去除胸腺嘧啶二聚体。在你所收集的细菌中有野生型(X+)和突变型(X-)。当λ噬菌体受紫外线照射,然后涂布平板时,在X+细胞上比在X-细胞上得到更多噬菌斑。根据存活曲线分析得出X酶是可诱导的。为了检验这一假设,把受紫外线照射的λ噬菌体在氯霉素(它能抑制蛋白质合成)存在条件下吸附到X+X-细菌上。在X-细胞中不能去除胸腺嘧啶二聚体,而在X+细胞中则去除50%。在无氯霉素条件下得到同样的结果。
第4题
第5题
假设在蛙呜博弈中有大小两种青蛙。大青蛙呜叫的成本(z1)较高,小青蛙鸣叫的成本(z2)较低,即z1>z2。再假设其他情况不变。(1)问本博弈可能有哪种类型的ESS?(2)出现这些类型的ESS各自的条件是什么?
第7题
假设坎塔布雷吉亚(Cantabrigia)是一个很小的经济体,共有20名工人。这些工人可以生产两种产品,即制造品和粮食。在制造业的生产中,边际劳动产量取决于就业人数。关系如下:
工人数 | 最后一个工人的际产出 |
1 | 20 |
2 | 18 |
3 | 16 |
4 | 14 |
5 | 12 |
6 | 11 |
7 | 10 |
8 | 9 |
9 | 8 |
10 | 7 |
在粮食部门,边际劳动产量与就业人数无关,恒等于9。制造品与粮食的世界价格都是每单位10美元。
a.假设不存在劳动市场扭曲现象,求工资率、制造业和粮食业的劳动配置,以及每种产品的产量。
b.现在假设由于某种原因,制造业部门的最低工资是150美元。同时,该经济仍然保持充分就业状态。求这种情形下整个经济的产出以及市场扭曲带来的成本。
c.最后,假设工人从农村向城市迁移,直至城市工人的工资与被雇佣的概率的乘积等于农村工人的工资。求产出水平和失业人数。
The very small economy of Cantabrigia has a total labor force of 20 workers.These workers can produce two goods,manufactures and food.in production of manufactures,the marginal product of labor depends on employment as follows:
Number of workers | Marginal product of last worker |
1 | 20 |
2 | 18 |
3 | 16 |
4 | 14 |
5 | 12 |
6 | 11 |
7 | 10 |
8 | 9 |
9 | 8 |
10 | 7 |
In the food sector the marginal product of labor is independent of employment,and is 9. The world price of a unit of manufactures is $10,so is the world price of a unit of food.
a.Suppose there were no distortion in the labor market;find the wage rate,the allocation of labor between manufactures and food,and the output of each good.
b.Now suppose that for some reason the minimum wage in the manufactures sector is $150. Full employment,however,is maintained.Find the output of the economy in this case.How large is the cost of the distortion?
c.Finally,suppose that workers migrate from the country to the city until the wage of city workers multiplied by the probability of being employed equals the rural wage.Find the level of output and unemployment.
第8题
第9题