呼吸（respiration)

无氧呼吸(anaerobic respiration)

胸腹式呼吸 thoracoabdominal breathing(respiration)

Giving Aritificial Respiration(呼吸)

第41题：

A.○

B.◎

C.※

D.○R

E.¤

A.T（体温）、P（脉搏）、R（呼吸）

B.p（血压）

C.（神志）A（瞳孔）

D.U（尿量）

E.S（皮肤粘膜）

A.物理降温半小时后所测体温用红“ο”表示

B.体温单中脉搏用红“●”，心率用黑“○”

C.使用呼吸机的患者可以用R表示呼吸

D.灌肠后以符号“E”表示(1/E、0/E、11/E)

实验室检查：白细胞分类嗜酸性粒细胞增加，血清IgE明显增高。

问题：(1)此病人的医疗诊断是什么？

(2)写出一个最主要的护理诊断。

(3)写出此病人主要的护理措施。

Animals in the Desert

Some desert animals can survive the very strong summer heat and dryness because they have very unusual characters. The camel, for example, can(51)an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9℃. In addition, it can drink an enormous amount of water at one time, then store sufficient water in its red blood cells and other parts of its body to supply its needs for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat (长鼻袋鼠) ,on the other hand,(52)all the water it needs from water that it produces during respiration (呼吸). However, most animals need to(53)a fairly constant body temperature, and will die if it rises more than 5℃.(54),they need to find some way to avoid the strong sun rays. Nor can many animals either store or produce water in their bodies, as the camel and kangaroo rat can. So they must find ways to(55)water loss from their bodies to the lowest degree.

Because very few desert animals can survive the strong rays, the temperature, and the evaporation

(蒸发) rate(56)a typical summer's day, most of them are(57)during the night. Only after the sun has set does the desert come fully to life; The night is(58)cool, and the darkness provides(59),not only from the sun, but also from other animals and from the birds. So the coming of darkness is the signal(60)the large majority of animals and insects (昆虫) to continue their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek shelter again: many go underground; nearly all find(61)shady and they can avoid the sun rays there.

For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is(62)than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which(63)water loss by evaporation. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is(64)wetness, and it is generally cooler than on the(65).

A．carry

B．bear

C．effect

D．delay

The Drink Your Body Needs Most

1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.

2 we lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation (便秘). A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.

3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need. For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day. If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.

4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.

第 23 题 Paragraph 1 __________________