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更多“Climate change makes the author feel selfish when he is more concerned about the present b”相关的问题
第1题
Latitude and distance from the sea also affect climate. The thin air in high mountain areas absorbs less of the sun's heat than the thicker air at sea level.
The daily change in temperature also increases with distance from the sea.
(30) Snow and rain are very important to climate. Snow reflects as much as eighty or ninety percent of the heat from the sun, and makes the weather even colder. But a large forest area can reflect as little as five percent of the sun's heat. This makes the weather warmer.
Of course, the general effects of climate do not explain everything about the weather. For example, (31) both the driest place in the world and the place with the most rainy days are located in Chile. Calama, in the Atacama Desert. has had no rain for over 400 years. But during the year 1916, it rained in Bahia, Felix, Chile for 348 days.
(30)
A．At low latitudes.
B．At mid-latitudes.
C．At high latitudes.
D．At any latitude.
第2题
Low-carbon Future：We Can Afford to Go Green
Tackling climate change will cost consumers the earth．Those who campaign for a green revolution are out to destroy our western lifestyles．Such are the cries of opponents of emissions cuts，and their message has political impact：a number of surveys have found that the enthusiasm of voters for policies to reduce climate change falls off as the price tag increases．
However，a new modelling(模型化)exercise suggests that these fears are largely unfounded．It projects that radical cuts to the UK's emissions will cause barely noticeable increases in the price of food，drink and most other goods by 2050．Electricity and petrol costs will rise significantly，but with the right policies in place，say the modellers，this need not lead to big changes in our lifestyle．
"these results show that the global project to fight climate change is feasible，"says Alex Bowen，a climate policy expert at the London School of Economics．"It's not such a big ask as people are making out．"
Although it is impossible to precisely predict prices four decades from now．the exercise is one of the most detailed examinations yet of the impact of climate change policies on UK consumers．It provides a useful rough guide to our economic future．
Though its results speak directly to the UK consumer，previous research has come to similar conclusions for the US．In June，one study found that if the US were to cut emissions by 50 per cent by 2050，prices of most consumer goods would increase by less than 5 per cent．The findings are also consistent with analyses by the Pew Center on Global Climate Change in Washington DC．"Even cutting emissions by 80 per cent over four decades has a very small effect on consumers in most areas，”says Manik Roy of the Pew Center．"The challenge is now to convince consumers and policy-makers that this is the case．"
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommends that wealthy nations cut their emissions to between 80 and 95 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change．The UK government aims to reduce its contribution by 80 per cent and leaders of the other G8 nations have discussed following suit．To meet this goal，industries will have to cut down fossil fuel consumption，and low-carbon power sources will have to massively expand. Companies will have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit greenhouse gases.
How will this affect the average citizen's wallet？ To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK population, New Scientist approached Cambridge Econometrics, a firm known for its modelling of the European economy. The firm used historic economic data to predict the impact of emissions reductions on prices in over 40 categories of goods and services. It compared the impact of the 80 per cent cut with a baseline situation in which the government takes no action other than the limited emissions restrictions already in place as a result of the Ky-oto protocol (京都议定书).
Most of the price increases are a consequence of rising energy costs, in part because coal and gas are re-placed by more expensive low-carbon sources. The price of electricity is projected to be 15 per cent higher in 2050 compared with the baseline. In today's prices, that would add around ￡5 onto typical monthly household electricity bills. It will also result in higher prices elsewhere, as every industrial sector uses electricity.
But electricity and other forms of energy make up only a small part of the price of most goods. Other factors-raw materials, labour and taxes-are far more important. The energy that goes into producing food, alcoholic drinks and tobacco, for example, makes up just 2 per cent of the consumer price. For motor vehicle purchases and hotel stays, the figure is 1 per cent. Only for energy-intensive industries does the
A．Economic recession is widely spread.
B．Western lifestyles are destroyed.
C．The cost of a green revolution rises.
D．The environment is improved.
第3题
听力原文： A country's latitude, or distance from the equator, has an important effect on its climate. In places located at low latitudes, or near the equator, like Ecuador and northern Brazil, the amount of sun shine changes the least during the year. At mid-latitudes, in places like Japan or Argentina, there is more sunshine in the summer than in the winter. The greatest change occurs at the highest latitudes, in places like northern Canada or Alaska. In these places, the nights are very long for half the year, and the days are long during the other half. At the North or South Pole, sunlight lasts the longest during the summer. But light and heat are the most intense at the equator.
Altitude and distance from the sea also affect climate. The thin air in high mountain areas absorbs less of the sun's heat than the thicker air at sea level. The daily changes in temperature also increase with distance from the sea.
Snow and rain are- very important to climate. Snow reflects as much as eighty or ninety percent of the heat from the sun, and makes the weather even colder, but a large forest area can reflect as little as five percent of the sun's heat. This makes the weather warmer.
Of course, the general effects of climate do not explain every thing about the weather. For example, both the driest places in the world and the place with the most rainy days are located in Chile. Calama, in the Atacama Desert, had no rain for over 400 years. But during the year 1916, it rained in Bahia Felix, Chile for 348 days.
(30)
A．At low latitudes.
B．At mid-latitudes.
C．At high latitudes.
D．At high altitudes.
第4题
The world is changing faster than anyone expected. Not only is the earth warming, bringing more intense storms and causing Arctic ice to vanish, but the political and policy landscape is being transformed even more dramatically. Already, certain industries are facing mandatory limits emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in some of the 129 countries that have signed the Kyoto Protocol. This month representatives of those nations are gathering in Montreal to develop post-Kyoto plans. Meanwhile, U. S. cities and states are rushing to impose their own regulations.
A surprising number of companies in old industries such as oil and materials as well as high tech are preparing for this profoundly altered world. They are moving swiftly to measure and slash their greenhouse gas emissions. And they are doing it despite the Bush Administration's opposition to mandatory curbs.
This change isn't being driven by any sudden boardroom conversion to environmentalism. It's all about hard-nosed business calculations. "If we stonewall this thing to five years out, all of a sudden the cost to us and ultimately to our consumers can be gigantic," warns Rogers, who will manage 20 coal-fired power plants if Cinergy's pending merger with Duke Energy is completed next year.
One new twist in the whole discussion of global warming is the arrival of a corps of sharp penciled financiers. Bankers, insurers, and institutional investors have begun to tally the trillions of dollars in financial risks that climate change poses. They are now demanding that companies in which they hold stakes (or insure) add up risks related to climate change and alter their business plans accordingly. For utilities like Cinergy that could mean switching billions in planned investments from the usual coal-fired power plants to new, cleaner facilities.
The pressure is forcing more players to wrestle with environmental risks, even if the coming regulations aren't right around the corner. As the debate over climate change shifts from scientific data t6 business-speak such as "efficiency investment" and "material risk," CEOs are suddenly understanding why climate change is important. "It doesn't matter whether carbon emission reductions are mandated or not," explains David Struhs, vice-president of environmental affairs at International Paper Co. "Everything we' re doing makes sense to our shareholders and to our board, regardless of what direction the government takes." The nation's biggest paper company, with $25.5 billion in sales, IP has upped its use of wood waste to 20% of its fuel mix, from 13% in 2002. That's cut both net CO2 output and energy costs.
What was the conclusion of the meeting of power company executives on Nov. 21？
第5题
Owing to the climate change, people are easier to be infected.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第6题
Global climate change was the dominant theme of the conference.
A．notion
B．module
C．subject
D．norm
第7题
第8题
Agreement on climate change is difficult to reach because
A．the truth about climate change is only partially told.
B．the situation is changing all the time.
C．greenhouse gases are hard to control in poor countries.
D．cooling periods have gone decades ago.
第9题
第10题
The research by Hardisty and Weber aims at ______.
A．changing people's view on climate change
B．altering people's concept on consumption
C．seeking ways to convince people to limit climate change
D．increasing the benefit from acting on climate change
