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更多“When people estimate the scale of child abuse, emotional abuse and neglect are always igno”相关的问题
第1题
Certainly Newton considered some theoretical' aspects of it in his writings, but he was【C1】______to go to sea to【C2】______his work.
For most people the sea was【C3】______, and with the【C4】______of early international travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it,【C5】______alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The flint time that the question "What is at the bottom of the oceans？" had to be answered with any commercial【C6】______was when the【C7】______of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile of the【C8】______to estimate the length of cable that had to be【C9】______.
It was【C10】______Maury of the US Navy【C11】______the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853,【C12】______information on this matter. The cable was laid, but not until 1866【C13】______the connection made【C14】______and reliable. At the early【C15】______, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs【C16】______was found to be covered in living【C17】______, a fact which【C18】______contemporary scientific opinion【C19】______there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.
Within a few years oceanography was【C20】______way.
【C1】
A．reluctant
B．irreluctant
C．reductant
D．redundant
第2题
阅读材料，回答题。
When We Are Asleep
Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections (记忆 ) of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly. In an average night of eight hours&39;sleep, an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.
Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves move more quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase, and there are rapid eye movements under the lids, just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects. These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals (哺乳动物) studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles (爬行动物) .This period of sleep is called the "D" state for around 50% of their sleep; the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.
Dreams take the form. of stories, but they may be strange and with incidents not connected, which make little sense. Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know. One estimate says that two-thirds of the "cast" of our dream dramas are friends and relations. Vision seems an essential part of dreams, except for people blind from birth. Sound and touch senses are also often aroused, but smell and taste are not frequently involved. In "normal" dreams, the dreamer may be taking part, or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.
However, the dreamer does have control over one type of dream. This type of dream is called a "lucid"(清醒的) dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers. Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time. In a lucid dream, the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.
Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第3题
听力原文： In ancient times, many people believed tile earth was a flat disc. Well over 2,000 years ago, rite ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments proving that it was not. Direct observations of heavenly bodies was the basis of both these arguments. First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon, file earth was between the sun and the moon, and they saw that during these eclipses, the earth's shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only if the earth was spherical. If tile earth were a flat disc, then its shadow during eclipses would not be a perfect circle, it would be stretched out into a long ellipse. Tile second argument was based on what the Greeks saw during their travels. They noticed that the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower in the sky when they traveled south, in more northern regions, the North Star appeared to them to be much higher in file sky. By the way, it was also from this difference in the apparent position of the North Star that the Greeks first calculated the approximate distance around the circumference of the earth, a figure recorded in ancient documents says 400,000 stadia, that's the plural of the word stadium. Today, it's not known exactly what length one stadium represents, but let's say, it was about 200 meters, the length of many athletic stadiums. This would hake the Greek' s estimate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good estimate for those writing so long before even the first telescope was invented.
(33)
A．How ancient philosophers measured the distance between heavenly bodies.
B．How ancient philosophers explained the cause of an eclipse of the Moon.
C．Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth was a sphere.
D．Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth moved around the Sun.
第4题
When We Are Asleep
Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections (记忆) of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly. In an average night of eight hours' sleep, an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.
Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves move more quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase, and there are rapid eye movements under the lids, just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects. These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals (哺乳动物) studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles (爬行动物). This period of sleep is called the “D” state for around 50% of their sleep; the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.
Dreams take the form. of stories, but they may be strange and with incidents not connected, which make little sense. Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know. One estimate says that two-thirds of the “cast” of our dream dramas are friends and relations. Vision seems an essential part of dreams, except for people blind from birth. Sound and touch are senses also often aroused, but smell and taste are not frequently involved. In “normal” dreams, the dreamer may be taking part, or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.
However, the dreamer does have control over one type of dream. This type of dream is called a “lucid”(清醒的) dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers. Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time. In a lucid dream, the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.
Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
第5题
Light Night, Dark Stars
Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, or artificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they're lucky to see 150 stars.
If you've ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, you've witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, and other sources streams into space and illuminates(照亮) the night sky. This haze(薄雾) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.
Dust and particles of pollution from factories and industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another", Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale".
Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.
Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring(使变模糊) the faint(微弱的) light given off by distant stars. And if scientists can't locate these objects, they can't learn more about them.
Light pollution doesn't only affect star visibility. It can harm wildlife too. It's clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There's increasing evidence, for example, that migrating(迁徙) birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina. "When light occurs at night", he says, "it has a very disruptive(破坏性的) influence". Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high-rises, and cables from radio and television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.
On a clear night, people can see______
A．150 stars.
B．hundreds of stars.
C．one thousand stars.
D．more than 14,000 stars.
第6题
根据下面材料，回答题。
A Bad Idea
Think you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e-mail and listen to music at the same time？
Well, New York&39;s new law says you can&39;t___ 46____ The law went into force last month, following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小的机械) when crossing the street.
Who&39;s to blame？ ___47____ "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can, " says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."
The young people are often considered the great multi-taskers.___48____ A group of 18-to 21-year-olds and a group of 35- to 39-year-olds were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code.___49 ____But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call or an instant message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy.
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multi-taskers. But it is probably a lot.
Jonathan Spire, chief analyst at Basex, a business-research firm, estimates the cost of interruptions to the American economy at nearly $650 billion a year ___50____ The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers&39; time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.
第46题__________ 查看材料
A.And you"ll be fined $100 if you do so on a New York City street.
B.Talking on a cell-phone while driving brings you joy anyway
C.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.
D.The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted.
E.However， an Oxford University， research suggests this perception is open to question.
F.Scientists say that our multi-tasking （多任务处理） abilities are limited.
第7题
When you make a _______, you should always try to fulfill it.
A) abuse
B) bond
C) estimate
D) pledge
第8题
In the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision-making. When the children are 31 enough, they take part as well. Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness (宽容) of American parents. Children are often allowed to do pretty much 32 they wish without strict control by their parents. Children are encouraged to be 33 at an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom 34 far. Others think that a strong parental image would not 35 American values. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to 36 their families by the time they have 37 their late teens or early twenties. This pattern of independence often raises serious 38 for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live 39 the age of 10. The job-retirement age is usually 5. The children have left home, married, and 40 their own households. Often the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic, but they feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family tie.
31. A. senior
B. junior
C. old
D. young
32. A.when
B. that
C. which
D. what
33. A.dependent
B. independent
C. sure
D. secure
34. A.too
B. almost
C. nearly
D. so
35. A.gain
B. welcome
C. suit
D. estimate
36. A.break up
B. break into
C. break though
D. break away from
37. A.reached
B. come
C. arrived
D. developed
38. A. events
B. problems
C. matters
D. developed
39. A.on
B. up
C. from
D. beyond
40. A.set forth
B. set aside
C. set up
D. set down
第9题
A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be useless. He won't go at a job with the confidence necessary for success. He is therefore likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence.
Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea "Isn't it too bad that Alfred can't do arithmetic？" He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, felt that it was useless to try, and was very poor at arithmetic, just as they expected.
One day Adler succeeded in solving a problem which none of the other students had been able to solve. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn't do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His newly-found confidence stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit.
He now worked with interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became extraordinarily good at arithmetic.
This experience made him realize that many people have more ability than they think they have, and that lack of success is as often the result of lack of knowledge of how to apply one's ability, lack of confidence, and lack of determination as it is the result of lack of ability.
According to the passage, which statement is NOT true？
A．A child may accept another person's underestimate of his ability.
B．A child may think that he is too stupid to make the most of his mental faculties.
C．A person may have the idea that he is incapable of doing good work.
D．Some old people believe that they are capable of learning anything new.
第10题
Light Night, Dark Stars
Thousands of people aroundthe globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, or artificiallights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, anastronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) in Boulder, Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they're lucky to see 150 stars.
If you've ever driventoward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, you've witnessed light pollution. It occurs whenlight from streetlights, office buildings, signs, and other
sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky. This haze oflight makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big citieslike New Yorkglow from light pollution, making stargaz-ing difficult.
Dust and particles ofpollution from factories and industries worsen the effects of lightpollution."If one city has a lot more light pollution than another,"Ward says, "that city will suffer the effectsof light pollution on a muchgreater scale. "
Hazy skies also make it farmore difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.
Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this newdevelopment is increasingly obscuring the faint light given off by distantstars. And if scientists can't locate these objects, they can't learn moreabout them.
Light pollution doesn't onlyaffect star visibility. It can harm wildlife too. It's clear that artificiallight can attract animals,'making them go off course. There's increasingevidence, for example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to helpfind their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scien- tist at Clemson Universityin South Carolina."When light occurs at night, " he says, "it has a very dis- ruptive influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high-rises, and cables fromradio and tele- vision towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die thisway every year.
41.When can people see 14,000 stars？
A.When they have a fairly good telescope
B.When they are in a large city
C.When the n:ght sky is clear of clouds, moonlight and artificial lights
D.When the night sky is without haze and fog
