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代理成本（agency costs)
代理成本(agency costs)
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代理成本(agency costs)
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更多“代理成本（agency costs)”相关的问题
第1题
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第2题
Korea Daily
International Edition
Maple Home and Life Insurance to Cut 1,500 jobs
The oldest insurance agency in Busan is planning to eliminate at least 1,500 jobs by the end of the year. The mass layoff has already (147) , with the first 400 people receiving their termination slips last Friday. Maple Home and Life is one of five financial services companies in Korea that has decided to downsize this year." (148) labor costs is the only way we can avoid bankruptcy," said the company's vice-president.
Financial analyst Yoon Kwang-ung says that an unexpected amount of insurance claims clue (149) a season of forest fires, occurring in a weakening economy, has caused the mass layoff. But employees are not satisfied with these and other excuses they are hearing in the media. "We want answers. And we won't leave until we get them," said Hwang Woo-suk, who plans to march in a protest outside the insurance office tomorrow.
(47)
A．begin
B．began
C．begun
D．beginning
第3题
Lately, economists have added up the actual costs. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that salt-induced road damage and vehicle corrosion cost $ 3 billion a year. That does not include damage to underground cables, which adds hundreds of millions to utility bills. Nor does it reflect the cost of brine leaking into porous water pipes, threatening the water supply. Salty water leaches into roadbeds, kills evergreens and poisons streams.
The various costs probably add another $ 2 billion to the national salt bill. Scientists estimate the full economic, or "life cycle," cost for a ton of salt at $ 500, or 20 times the $ 25 purchase price. That begins to make the switch to calcium magnesium acetate, perhaps the most promising alternative look practical. CMA, made from acetic acid and dolomitic(含白石的) lime, costs $ 600 a ton and has minimal adverse effect. Some researchers believe the cost can be halved by making CMA from waste cheese whey or pulp-mill effluent.
While CMA and other alternatives are being researched, many cities and states are cutting back on their use of salt. Keeping dispensing equipment in good repair helps reduce the amount spread.
Salt spread on road in winter may cause all the following problems except ______.
A．road damage
B．vehicle corrosion
C．damage of underground cables
D．car accident
第5题
The pharmacies accuse the 15 drug 【C3】______ of illegally conspiring to charge inflated prices in the United States while barring pharmacies from buying the makers' drugs at 【C4】______ prices outside the country.
"We are being charged higher prices than foreigners are being charged," said Joseph Alioto, representing the pharmacies. "If we are selling the same drug we want to pay the same prices as 【C5】______ else. "
The lawsuit, filed in Alameda County court in Oakland, 【C6】______ the pharmaceutical companies have 【C7】______ the pharmacies' bottom lines by 【C8】______ California's antitrust and unfair business practices laws.
The lawsuit comes at a time when pharmaceutical companies are under increased 【C9】______ over drug costs and their marketing 【C10】______ . Many of the same drugs sold in the United States are available in Canada and elsewhere for 【C11】______ of the U.S. retail prices.
The Food and Drug Administration has repeatedly 【C12】______ requests to import drugs from Canada, where the government controls prices. The state of Vermont has filed a lawsuit against the federal agency over the 【C13】______ .
Many of the drug companies either declined 【C14】______ or didn't return telephone calls Thursday. The drug industry has in the past defended its U. S. prices as a way to 【C15】______ research and development costs.
【C1】______
A．chemical
B．pharmaceutical
C．medical
D．medicine
第6题
内部成本和外部成本，社会收益和私人收益(internal vs．external costs，social vs．pri-rate benefits)
第7题
M: My first decision would be whether to recruit internal applicants or advertise the vacancy outside the company.
W: If it were me. I'd prefer giving the job to an internal applicant. That would be a ready candidate, don't you think so？
M: Yes, and it's easy and cheap to do so. We could easily do that by memos, e-mails or newsletters inside the company.And furthermore, these people are easy to assess because they've been with us for quite some time and they know the company very well.
W: Yeah, if that's the case, why don't you just...
M: That's exactly what I want to make clear. In spite of all the advantages, an internal candidate doesn't make a good choice because,first, they rarely bring fresh ideas to a position second, if they are rejected, which is not impossible, they might become very upset and leave the company.
W: Yes, I see your point here. I'll think it over very seriously if my boss gives me a new job.Then how about recruiting staff outside the company？
M: Recruiting outside the company means either advertising the vacancy directly or using an employment agency. If the company decides to advertise the vacancy directly, it has to decide where to place the advertisement. Traditionally this has meant newspapers and professional journals but now the InterAct is also very popular.
W: Then what is important when deciding on where to place the ads？
M: Well, this normally depends on the job itself.For blue-collar or clerical jobs, we usually advertise in local newspapers. For senior management positions, we usually use national newspapers or professional journals. I'd like to mention the Internet as one of the best ways of advertising IT vacancies or recruiting abroad. More and more jobs are being advertised on the Internet. However, with the Internet there is a risk of receiving unsuitable applications from all over the world since it's so easy to click and apply and just try your luck. And it hardly costs anything at all.
W: It is really a tough job. Then in addition to using these media, what do you think of the idea of using a recruitment agency？
M: An agency is either a commercial business or a government employment center. As far as our company is concerned, we usually use a government agency to recruit blue-collar workers but prefer a commercial agency to recruit white-collar staff. However, a commercial agency could be very expensive and the applicants are less likely to stay with the company for a long time.
Quest ions 23-30
？You will hear an interview of Mr Jake Hans，the Human Resource Manager of Packway International talking about the various ways of recruiting staff．
？For each question 23-30，mark one Ietter(A，B or C)．
？After you have listened once，replay the recording．
Which of the following is the responsibility of an HR manager？
A．Taking care of customers．
B．Recruiting the right person for the right job．
C．Promoting the company products．
第9题
Buying a New Car
Decide What You Can Afford, Want, and Need
A car is one of the most important and costly purchases you may make. By preparing yourself before you start shopping for a car, you can make the buying process much easier. Besides helping you decide what is best for you, your research and preparation will help you get the best deal.
Some people may have saved enough money to be able to pay cash for a new car. Others must finance the purchase. Take a careful look at your budget to determine how much you can afford to spend as a down payment on a new car and how much you can spend on monthly payments.
Once you have decided on your price range, decide what type of car you want and need. When making this decision, consider how many passengers will be riding in the vehicle and the kind of driving you do. While a sports coupe(双座四轮车) might be just what you need to get back and forth to work, a larger vehicle may be in order if you need the car to shuttle children to and from various activities.
Information Equals Bargaining Leverage (杠杆)
Once you decide on the type of car you need, it is time to do your research to narrow down the choices. A number of publications and other resources can provide comparison information rating the vehicles within specific categories. Compare such areas as safety, reliability, fuel economy, warranties, operating costs, general features, and options when making your decision.
Safety
Consider the safety features offered in a car. More and more auto makers are offering air bags on the front passenger's side, in addition to the driver's side. Air bags automatically inflate (膨胀) on impact to provide a cushion.
Other optional safety features include built-in child safety seats, anti-lock brakes, and traction control. Anti-lock brakes keep the wheels from locking up and skidding out of control when the driver slams on the brakes suddenly, or hits a slick spot in the road. Also, consider whether the car has good outward visibility, and whether or not the gauges on the instrument panel are easy to read. Reliability
A number of sources compare maintenance costs on vehicles and have compiled information about repairs that are likely with particular models. Information is also available on the number of complaints filed about particular cars.
Fuel Economy
Mandated(批准) by federal law, fuel economy has improved over the years. The average fuel economy is now more than 28 miles per gallon. Federal law requires an Environmental Protection Agency label to be placed on the window of every new car, listing average fuel economy for city and highway driving according to EPA tests. The ratings are intended to be a comparison between models. Depending on how and where you drive, your actual mileage may not match the estimates.
Warranties
Compare each car's warranty coverage, which may vary widely among car manufacturers. Consider the length of the warranty, mileage limits, and deductibles. Some cars have basic warranties, which cover the entire vehicle, while others have limited warranties.
Operating Costs
A number of publications offer estimates on what it costs to operate a car in a year's time. These costs vary greatly from one model to another, with luxury cars costing more than economy cars. The factors included in operating costs arc fuel, oil, maintenance, and tires. Other costs associated with ownership, which also vary greatly, are insurance, depreciation, taxes, and licensing.
General Features
Consider your particular needs when analyzing different vehicles, For instance, if you need a lot of trunk space for hauling groceries, baseball equipment, or boxes of supplies for your office, cho
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第10题
The contentious reality is that the 【26】______ cheap and simple solution to trashdumping it in a landfill just beyond the edge of town 【27】______ no longer workable, particularly around major cities. Old dumps, which now get 8% of all garbage, are filling up, end new 【28】______ have become virtually 【29】______ to build with the result of skyrocketing land costs, 【30】______ stringent environmental regulations and shrill public opposition 【31】______ new landfills "in my backyard". "Five years from now," 【32】______ Bruce Waddle. director of the Environmental Protection Agency's municipal-solid-waste program, "we'll have only half the number of landfills operating."
With this grim prospect, new methods are required, all variations on the only four ways available to deal 【33】______ garbage: bury it, burn it, recycle it or don't make as 【34】______ in the first place. What's needed, experts say, is sophisticated 【35】______ fallout, called "integrated waste management" An 【36】______ valuable items are sorted out of the waste stream and turned 【37】______ new products, and the rest are burned cleanly in a furnace that also produces steam to 【38】______ electricity. Only the ash, 【39】______ of the original volume of trash, is then disposed 【40】______ in carefully engineered landfills.
【21】
A．whatever
B．even if
C．whenever
D．if
