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根据以下材料，回答题。Some Things We Know About LanguageMany things about language are a my

根据以下材料，回答题。

Some Things We Know About Language

Many things about language are a mystery， and many will always remain so. But some things we do know.

First， we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language， no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore， in historical times， there has never been a race of men without a language.

Second， there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped， who are， as we say， uncivilized， but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.

This has not always been well understood; indeed， the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are， or were， hundreds of American Indian languages， and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with， but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.

A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is，each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.

Finally， we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change ; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds， and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.

In the second paragraph the passage tells us that 查看材料

A.some backward race doesn"t have a language of its own

B.some race in history didn"t possess a language of its own

C.any human race， whether backward or not， has a language

D.some races on earth can communicate without language

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发布时间：2021-07-06
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更多“根据以下材料，回答题。Some Things We Know About LanguageMany things about language are a my”相关的问题

第1题

根据以下材料，回答题Native American PotteryThere are several American Indian groups in the

根据以下材料，回答题

Native American Pottery

There are several American Indian groups in the Southwest that still make beautiful pottery.

Some of this pottery may be sold at fairly high prices. But the makers consider their work as more than a commercial enterprise. By using methods handed downfor generations， the potters express their pride in their cultural inheritance （遗产） .

Some of the most interesting pottery is made by the Pueblo Indians. There are 21 individual pueblos in Arizona and New Mexico. Several are famous for their craftsmanship.To make a pot，these potters use a clay base and add long thin coils of clay toit in a spiral pattern. When they have reached the size they want， they use an implement such as a rock or shell to smooth the surfaces of the pot.

How a pot is decorated and fired depends on the traditions of the group making it. Traditional pottery produced by the Acoma， who have lived for centuries on a high mesa in NewMexico， is first painted with a clay slip. The resulting pots: which are prizedfor their delicacy and strength，may be left white. They may also be painted with black and white patterns or with a combination of black， orange， and brown.

Very distinctive （忒别的，有特色的） black pottery comes from the Sail Ildefonso and Santa Clara pueblos. The black color is the result of carbon being released from the animal manure （粪肥） in which the pot is fired. Some artisans hand -rub this ware to a shiny gloss. Others cut patterns into it: resulting in a part shiny: part fiat surface. Potters at Sail lldefonso make many types of wares. Potters at Santa Clara are especially known for wedding jars-jars with two necks connected by a handle.

Other groups such as the Hopi and the Cochiti also make pottery. Each group uses distinctive methods and produces distinctive .forms and designs.

In the first paragraph the word "commercial" means 查看材料

A.advertising products on TV

B.selling and business

C.large-scale

D.artistic

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第2题

根据下面材料，回答题。 AdvertisingThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have bot

根据下面材料，回答题。

Advertising

The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.

Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people&39;s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others areworthless and a waste of consumers&39; money.

Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位，大卡) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合节食的), but just regular bread.

There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.

On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer&39;s real concerns.

Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.

Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it？ Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.

Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by__________. 查看材料

A.stressing their high quality

B.convincing him of their low price

C.maintaining a balance between quality and price

D.appealing to his buying motives

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第3题

根据以下材料，回答题The Fat Problem That Men FaceIt is a pleasure to see men of a certain a

根据以下材料，回答题

The Fat Problem That Men Face

It is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight. Listening to them is not such a pleasure. Because the men are new at the game， they don"t hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However， women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem， especially not in mixed company. They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity. Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing.

The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary. The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30"s， but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. I"ve watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke. His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to display a trim waist. Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety. He tells me， with a sheepish grin， that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them "ailored."

Still-older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly. Often， wives and children play important roles in their fat-inspection rituals. Take my oldest brother， a former college football player， as an example. His daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out， "Fat， medium or thin？" She knows the correct answer: medium. Thin would be an obvious stretch， and fat may not get her that new video. According to his wife， he stands in front of the mirror in the morning （before the day"s meals take their toll）， puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend， then clutches the roll that has developed and says， "Am I getting fatter？"

His wife is expected to answer， "You look like you may have lost a few pounds."

And then there are the ex-husbands， a pitiful group. They are extremely vocal. When I go to the movies with one， he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasn"t eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning. He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the movie， we sprint to a restaurant， where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup， he grows plaintive. Do I think he"s fat？

Men of a certain age are always ready to talk about their fat problem. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第4题

根据下面短文内容，回答题。 The Most Wonderful Islands Some Dutch engineers a

根据下面短文内容，回答题。

The Most Wonderful Islands

Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第5题

根据以下材料，回答题Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat， More LightSolar photovoltaic th

根据以下材料，回答题

Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat， More Light

Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems， or PVTs， generate both heat and electricity， but__________ （51） now they haven"t been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector. That"s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon solar cells，__________ （52） lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn"t a very efficient way to gather heat.

That"s a problem of economics. Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower__________（53）. And it"s also a space problem: photovoltaic cells can__________ （54） up all the space on the roof， leaving little room for thermal applications.

In a pair of studies， Joshua Pearce， an associate professor of materials science and engineering，has devised a__________ （55） in the form. of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon.

His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from Thin Silicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen"s University， Canada.

Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon， but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon， commonly known__________ （56） thin-film silicon. They don"t create as much electricity， but they are lighter， flexible， and cheaper. And， because they__________ （57） much less silicon， they have a greener footprint. __________ （58）， thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form. of the Staebler-Wronski effect.

"That means that their efficiency drops when you __________（59） them to light——pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell，" Pearce explains， which is one of the__________ （60） thin-film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.

However， Pearce and his team found a __________（61） to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film silicon in a new __________（62） of PVT. You don"t have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact， Pearce"s group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures， near the boiling__________ （63） of water， they could make thicker cells that largely __________（64） the Staebler-Wronski effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector， they also found that by baking the cell once a day， they__________ （65） the solar cell"s electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.

回答（51）题 查看材料

A.until

B.unless

C.when

D.if

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第6题

根据下面短文内容，回答题。 On the Trial of the Honey Badger Why did the wild

根据下面短文内容，回答题。

On the Trial of the Honey Badger

Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert？ 查看材料

A.To find where honey badgers live.

B.To catch some honey badgers for food.

C.To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.

D.To observe how honey badgers behave.

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第7题

根据以下材料，回答题Working mothersCarefully conducted researches that have followed the ch

根据以下材料，回答题

Working mothers

Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems， compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.

My personal ___________ （51） is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not， there are a ___________ （52） of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot ___________ （53） to see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic ___________ （54）. Many mothers are not ___________ （55） out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a

much loved infant， they feel trapped and isolated.

There are a number of options when it ___________ （56） to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady ___________ （57） the street.

___________ （58）， however， many parents don"t have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No ___________ （59） how good the childcare may be， some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a ___________ （60） normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months， but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family ___________ （61）. Make sure that in the first week you allow___________ （62） time to help your child settle in.

All children are different. Some are independent， while others are more ___________ （63） to their mothers. Remember that if you want to ___________ （64） the best for your children， it"s not the quantity of time you spend with them， it"s the ___________ （65） that matters.

回答（51）题 查看材料

A.view

B.idea

C.thought

D.decision

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第8题

请根据短文内容，回答题。 Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fas

请根据短文内容，回答题。

Wide World of Robots

Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker (修补) with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices. "They&39;re the best toys out there," says Howle Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist, a person who designs, builds or programs robots.＜br＞

When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved--cars, trains, animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later, in high school, he built mobile robots similar to small cars.＜br＞

Hoping to continue working on robots, he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the Califomia Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Choset&39;s labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars: robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and right. But snakes can twist (扭曲 ) in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain (地形) . "Snakes are far more interesting than the cars," Choset concluded.＜br＞

After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his colleagues there bagan developing their own snake robots. Choset&39;s team programmed robots to perform. the same movements as real snakes, such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don&39;t, such as rolling.＜br＞

Choset&39;s snake robots could crawl (爬行) through the grass, swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.＜br＞

But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries, the doctor has to open a patient&39;s chest, cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform. the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake？＜br＞

Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati, a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School, to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.＜br＞

A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.＜br＞

Even after 15 years of working with his team&39;s creations, "I still don&39;t get bored of watching the motion of my robots," Choset says.

Choset began to build robots in high school. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

点击查看答案

第9题

根据以下材料，回答题Influence from InternetThere can be no doubt at all that the Intemet ha

根据以下材料，回答题

Influence from Internet

There can be no doubt at all that the Intemet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Intemet， hardly ___________ （51） doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally， parents are ___________ （52） to find out why the Interact is so attractive， and they want to know if it can be ___________ （53） for their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time ___________ （54） their computers？

Obviously; if children are bent over their computers for hours， ___________ （55） in some game，instead of doing their homework， then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should ___________ （56） of the Intemet and the child should give ___________ （57） to parents that it won"t interfere with homework. If the child is not ___________ （58 ） to this arrangement，the parent can take more drastic ___________ （59） dealing with a child"s use of the Intemet， which is not much ___________ （60） from any other sort of bargain about behaviour.

Any parent who is ___________ （61） alarmed about a child"s behaviour should make an appointment to ___________ （62） the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not ___________ （63） affect a child"s performance at school. Even ifa child is ___________ （64） crazy about using the Intemet， he or she is probably just ___________ （65） through a phase， and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!

回答（51）题 查看材料

A.always

B.rarely

C.never

D.ever

点击查看答案

第10题

请根据短文的内容，回答题。 Batteries Built by VirusesWhat do chicken pox, the common cold,

请根据短文的内容，回答题。

Batteries Built by Viruses

What do chicken pox, the common cold, the flu, and AIDS have in common？ They&39;re all disease caused by viruses, tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person. It&39;s no wonder that when most people think about viruses, finding ways to steer clear of viruses is what&39;s on people&39;s minds.＜br＞

Not everyone runs from the tiny disease carriers, though. In Cambridge, Massachusetts,scientists have discovered that some viruses can be helpful in an unusual way. They are putting viruses to work, teaching them to build some of the world&39;s smallest rechargeable batteries.＜br＞

Viruses and batteries may seem like an unusual pair, but they&39;re not so strange for engineer Angela Belcher, who first came up with5 the idea. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) in Cambridge, she and her collaborators bring together different areas of science in new ways. In the case of the virus-built batteries, the scientists combine what they know about biology,technology and production techniques.＜br＞

Belcher&39;s team includes Paula Hammond, who helps put together the tiny batteries, and Yet-Ming Chiang, an expert on how to store energy in the form. of a battery. "We&39;re working on things we traditionally don&39;t associate with nature," says Hammond.＜br＞

Many batteries are already pretty small. You can hold A, C and D batteries6 in your hand. The coin-like batteries that power watches are often smaller than a penny. However, every year, new electronic devices like personal music players or cell phones get smaller than the year before. As these devices shrink, ordinary bakeries won&39;t be small enough to fit inside.＜br＞

The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belcher&39;s model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside,its components are very small-so tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope.＜br＞

How small are these battery parts？ To get some idea of the size, pluck one hair from your head.＜br＞

Place your hair on a piece of white paper and try to see how wide your hair is-pretty thin, right？＜br＞

Although the width of each person&39;s hair is a bit different, you could probably fit about 10 of these virus-built battery parts, side to side, across one hair. These microbatteries may change the way we look at viruses7.

According to the first paragraph people try to __________. 查看材料

A.kill microorganisms related to chicken pox， the flu， etc

B.keep themselves away from viruses because they are invisible

C.stay away from viruses because they are causes of various diseases

D.cure themselves of virus-related diseases by taking medicines

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