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阅读材料，回答题。Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to beknown internatio

阅读材料，回答题。

Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to beknown internationally. His works were received enthusiastically both in Englandand in the United States. He was, in fact; one of the most successful writersof his time in the country, and at the same time winning the admiration offellow writers like Scott in Britain and Poe and Hawthorne in the UnitedStates. The respect in which he was held partly owing to the man himself, withhis warm friendliness, his good sense, his urbanity, his gay spirits, hisartistic integrity, his love of both the Old World and the New. Thackeray describedIrving as "a gentleman, who, though himself born in no very high sphere, wasmost finished, polished, witty; socially the equal of the most refinedEuropeans. " In England be was granted an honorary degree from Oxford anunusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation and he received themedal of the Royal Society of Literature. America made him ambassador to Spain.

Irving’s background provides little to explain his literaryachievements. A gifted but delicate child, he had little schooling. He studiedlaw, but without zeal, and never did practice seriously. He was immune to hisslrict Presbyterian home environment, frequenting both social gatherings and thetheater.

The main point of the first paragraph is that WashingtonIrving was________ 查看材料

A.America’s first man of letters

B.a writer who had great success both in and outside his owncountry

C.a man who was able to move from literature to politics

D.a man whose personal charm enabled him to get by withbasically inferior work

答案

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发布时间：2023-05-16

更多“阅读材料，回答题。Washington Irving was America’s first man of letters to beknown internatio”相关的问题

第1题

根据下面材料，回答题。 Preferences Vary on Circumstances of DyingAmong terminally （晚期)

根据下面材料，回答题。

Preferences Vary on Circumstances of Dying

Among terminally (晚期) ill people, attitudes differ on what they think constitutes a ____51____ or bad death, the results of a new study suggest.

Dr. Elizabeth. K. Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues interviewed 26 men with ____52____ heart disease or cancer. The men were asked to describe good and bad deaths, and they also answered ____53____ about their preferences for dying. "In this small study, terminally ill men described good and bad deaths ____54____," Vig said. "They did not hold the same views about such issues ____55 ____the presence of others at the very end of life or preferred location of death."

Many of the men considered ____56____ in their sleep to be a good death. The reasons were varied and included not ____57____ that death was imminent (即将发生的), and that death would be painless. For close to half of the men, a prolonged (拖延的) death was ____58____ a bad death. Some of the men associated a prolonged death with prolonged pain,____59____ others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families.

Most men said that their ____60____ were very important to them, but this did not mean that they wanted elatives close at the ____61 ____of death. "Valuing family did not also ____62____ wanting family present at the very end of life," Vig said, "In fact, some expressed concerns ____63____ burdening loved ones." For instance, some men were worded about the emotional or ____64____ impact on their family members, according to the Washington researcher some were worded ____65____ their need for care would be a burden on their families.

__________ 查看材料

A.wrong

B.pure

C.good

D.whole

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第2题

阅读材料，回答题： Eat to LiveA meager diet may give you health and long life, hut it&39;s

阅读材料，回答题：

Eat to Live

A meager diet may give you health and long life, hut it&39;s not much fun--and it might not e-yen be necessary. We may be aB．le to hang on to most of that youthful vigor even if we don&39;t start todiet until old age.

Stephen Spindler and his colleagues from the University of Californiaat Riverside have found that some of an elderly mouse&39;s liver genes can be made to behave as they did when the mouse wasyoung simply by limiting its food for four weeks. The geneticrejuvenation won&39;t reverse other dam- age causedby time for the mouse, B．ut could help its liver metabolize drugs or get rid of toxins.

Spindler&39;s team fed three mice anormal diet for their whole lives, and fed another three onhalf-rations. Three more mice were switched from the normal diet to half-feed for amonth whenthey were 34 months old--equivalent to about 70 human years.

The researchers checked the activity of 11,000 genes from the mouse livers, and found that46 changed with age in the normally fed mice. The changes were associated with things like in-flammation and free radical production--probably bad news for mouse health. In the mice that haddieted all their lives, 27 of those 46 genes continued to behave like young genes. but the most sur-prising finding was that the mice that only started dieting in old age alsobenefited from 70 percentof these gene changes.

"This is the first indication that these effects kick in pretty quickly," says HuB．er Warnerfrom the National Institute on Aging near Washington D. C.

No one yet knows if calorie restriction works in people as it does in mice, B．ut Spindler ishopeful. "There&39;s attracting and tempting evidence out there that it will work," he says.

If it does work in people, there might be good reasons for rejuvenating the liver. As we get ol-der, our bodies are less efficient at metabolizing drugs, for example. A．brief period of time of die-ting, says Spindler, could be enough to make sure adrug is effective.

but Spindler isn&39;t sure the trade-off is worth it. "The mice get less disease,they live longer,but they&39;re hungry," he says. "Even seeing what adiet does, it&39;s still hard to go to arestaurantand say: &39; I can only eat half of that. &39;"

Spindler hopes we soon won&39;t need to diet at all. His company, Lifespan Genetics in Califor-nia, is looking for drugs that have the effects of calorie restriction.

According to the passage， which of the following is NOT true？查看材料

A.Eating less than usual might make us live longer

B.If we go on adiet when old， we may keep healthy

C.Dieting might not be needed

D.We have to begin dieting since childhood

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第3题

根据下面材料，回答题。 MemoryPsychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington Coll

根据下面材料，回答题。

Memory

Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chester town, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to "think and concentrate".

Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.

In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers,deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.

The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster,but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.

In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.

The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it.

Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers,and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.

"As our tests became more complex," sums up Spilich, "non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins." He predicts, "smokers might perform. adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose,but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity."

The purpose of George Spilich‘s experiments is__________. 查看材料

A.to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers

B.to show how smoking damages people"s mental capacity

C.to prove that smoking affects people"s regular performance

D.to find out whether smoking helps people"s short-term memory

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第4题

阅读材料，回答题。 Government Policies and EconomyWhile he was off on his l978 tour，Americ

阅读材料，回答题。

Government Policies and Economy

While he was off on his l978 tour，Americans were becoming disgusted with their lot as all“emerging second—class nation”，Wilson says．They began to see that incentives had to be restored to the economy．For instance，the capital gains tax was cut，an extraordinary turn—about．If it had been predicted before he went away in May，he would have said it was simply inconceivable as inconceivable as the prospect of Resorts going up1，000 percent．

This momentous transformation in the U．S．should soon bring about a huge bull market． In the l940s and l950s，the last time price earning multiples were at these low levels，the investing public expected that there would be another great postwar depression．Instead，aRer the beginning of l953 it became apparent that there would not be one，and price-earnings multiples got so low this time that investors felt that the country was drifting into socialism．That drift，however，may be reversing direction．

Wilson believes that the bankruptcy of New York City means the discrediting of big government，that as a result there will be less government，and that things in general will go much better．From l980’s depressed levels the market could rise to twenty times doubled earnings or almost fivefold in five to seven years．Wilson believes that he’ll be worth hundreds of millions of dollars before it’s over．

From paragraph l，we can infer that Resorts is__________．查看材料

A.a company that involves many capital gains

B.a company that has little hope of rapid growth

C.a company that benefited from capital gains tax

D.a company that stimulates the economy

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第5题

阅读材料，回答题。 BreakfastStudies show that children who eat breakfast do better in sch

阅读材料，回答题。

Breakfast

Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn&39;t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform. better at work as well .Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip (故意略去 ) breakfast.

If we don&39;t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.

People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn&39;t a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast.

A healthy breakfast should contain some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维) . Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆) . Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or in fruits.A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.

Adults who eat breakfast will perform. better at work. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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第6题

阅读材料，回答题： Understanding Autism1 Autism （孤独症) is a life－long developmental disa

阅读材料，回答题：

Understanding Autism

1 Autism (孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear, and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships, communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly (费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.

2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic (遗传的 )factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several "causes"

3 Most people with mental retardation (智力迟钝)show relatively even skill development. Indi- viduals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits (欠缺)in cer- tain areasmmost frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others--and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish, autism from mental retardation or other disorders,.&

since diagnostic (诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment tech- niques.

4 In general, individuals with autism perform. best at jobs which are structured and involve a de- gree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists, piano tuners, painters, farm workers, office workers, computer operators, dishwashers, assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

Paragraph 1

查看材料

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

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第7题

阅读材料，回答题。 The Adjustment in Understanding of Man"s Relation to the Physical Univers

阅读材料，回答题。

The Adjustment in Understanding of Man"s Relation to the Physical Universe

Nowadays the scattering of galaxies and the astounding abundance of stars are forcing those who ponder such matters to a further adjustment of their concept of the place and function of man in the material universe.

In the history of the51human mind， with its increasing knowledge of the surrounding context， there must have been a time when the philosophers of the52tribes began to realize that the world was not simply centered on man himself. The geocentric concept， which accepted a universe centered on the earth， then became common53

The second adjustment in the understanding of man"s relation to the physical universe was not generally acceptable54the sixteenth century. Copernican revolution soundly55the heliocentric Concept， the theory of a universe56on the sun. Man is a stubborn adherent to official dogma; eventually， however， he accepted the sun as the center.

Then， forty years ago， came the need for a third adjustment. This57has deeply exploded man"s pride and58， for it has carried with it the knowledge of the appalling number of galaxies.

The galactocentric universe59puts the earth and its life near the edge of one great galaxy in a universe of millions of galaxies. Man becomes peripheral among the billions of stars of his own Milky Way; and， according to the revelations of paleontology and geochemistry， he is60and apparently transient in the61of cosmic time.

The downgrading of the earth and sun and the elevation of the galaxies is not the end of this62of scientific pilgrims through philosophic fields. The need for another63adjustment now64not wholly unexpected by scientists，65wholly the result of one or two scientific revelations.

Our new problem concerns the spread of life throughout the universe. As unsolicited spokesmen for all the earthly organisms of land， sea， and air， we ask the thrilling question: Are we alone？

请在第__（51）__处填上正确答案。查看材料

A.ingenious

B.evolving

C.creative

D.eligible

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第8题

阅读材料，回答题。 Stories One of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Be

阅读材料，回答题。

Stories

One of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Benetton. The Benetton family opened their first shop in Italy in 1968.46Benetton followed four marketing principles in order to achieve their success.

The first principle in Consumer Concept. To build a successful business, you have to develop products around things people value, especially quality.47He created clothes to match people&39;s wants : the style. is casual; the colors and patterns are bold; and the quality is excellent.

The System Link in another feature of good marketing. For Benetton, this means waiting to get information about what customers like and what they dislike before making the clothes.48

The Information Link means making sure the company responds quickly to people&39;s demands.49 This information is then sent to the main office in Italy. Benetton can use this information to identify popular products and to continue making them; it can also identify less popular products and stop making them.

A final important marketing principle is the Retail Link. There are Benetton stores in countries around the world. All the stores have the same clothing, the same window display, and the same approach to sales.50

The things people like about Benetton stores are that the quality is always high and the prices are generally low. And that spells success.

请在第__（46）__处填上正确答案。查看材料

A.The founder of Benetton began by asking people what they wanted.

B.There used to be a good reason for this.

C.When something is sold at a Benetton store， the store records information about the type，size， and color of the item.

D.Today， there are Benetton shops in major cities all over the world.

E.This means that customers can go into any Benetton store in the world and be sure of what they are buying.

F.In other words， Benetton"s clothes are made to order.

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第9题

阅读材料，回答题： TV Games ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is th

阅读材料，回答题：

TV Games Shows

One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. anovel can beon the best sellers list with asale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but apopular TV show might have70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight.

This is the principle behind quiz or game shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play agame for the prizes and money. aquiz show can make anyone A．star, and it can give away thou-sands of dollars just for fun. but all of this money can create problems. For instance ,in the 1950s,quiz shows were very popular in the US and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren,an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even hadA．career asatelevision personality. but one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheat-ing. It turned out that the show&39;s producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to themost popular contestants beforehanD． Why？ because if the audience didn&39;t like the person whowon the game, they turned the show off. based on his story, amovie under the title Quiz Show is on40 years later.

Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. but game shows are still here,though theyaren&39;t taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are showsthat send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight onTV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will dojust to be on TV. People still win money,but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of mil-lions.

TV can make abeggar world-famous overnight. 查看材料

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

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