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阅读材料，回答题： Understanding Autism1 Autism （孤独症) is a life－long developmental disa

阅读材料，回答题：

Understanding Autism

1 Autism (孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear, and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships, communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly (费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.

2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic (遗传的 )factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several "causes"

3 Most people with mental retardation (智力迟钝)show relatively even skill development. Indi- viduals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits (欠缺)in cer- tain areasmmost frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others--and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish, autism from mental retardation or other disorders,.&

since diagnostic (诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment tech- niques.

4 In general, individuals with autism perform. best at jobs which are structured and involve a de- gree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists, piano tuners, painters, farm workers, office workers, computer operators, dishwashers, assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

Paragraph 1

阅读材料，回答题： Understanding Autism1 Autism （孤独症) is a 查看材料

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

答案

查看答案

发布时间：2021-07-05

更多“阅读材料，回答题： Understanding Autism1 Autism （孤独症) is a life－long developmental disa”相关的问题

第1题

阅读材料，回答题。 Why Would They Falsely Confess？ Why on earth would an innocent person f

阅读材料，回答题。

Why Would They Falsely Confess？

Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime？ To most people, it justdoesn&39;t seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what could happen in a police interrogation(审讯) room. Under the right conditions, people&39;s minds are susceptible (易受影响的 ) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grilling (盘问 ) is enormous.

46"The pressure is important to understand because otherwise it&39;s impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn&39;t do. The answer is to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess." Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn&39;t do.47The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.

Redlich&39;s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed.48Of the 15 to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12 to 13-year-olds.

"There&39;s no question that young people are more at risk, " says Saul Kassin, Professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results.49A psychology Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning-and still, most participants falsely confessed.

Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation.50

请在第__（46）__处填上正确答案。查看材料

A.In her experiment participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "Alt" key， because doing so would crash the systems.

B.In some ways，" says Kassin， " false confession becomes a rational decision."

C."It"s a little like somebody"s working on them with a dental （牙齿的） drill， " says Franklin Zimring， a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.

D."But adults are highly vulnerable too."

E.How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn"t do？

F.Redlich also found that the younger the participant， the more likely a false confession.

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第2题

根据下面短文内容，回答题。 Approaches to Understanding Intelligences What i

根据下面短文内容，回答题。

Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

What is the main idea of this passage？查看材料

A.How to understand intelligence.

B.The importance of intelligence.

C.The development of intelligence tests.

D.How to become intelligent.

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第3题

阅读材料，回答题。 Artificial IntelligenceFor years there have been endless articles stati

阅读材料，回答题。

Artificial Intelligence

For years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence and that it is just around the corner.The truth is that it may be just around the corner, but they haven&39;t yet found the fight block.

Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought,which is harder than you might think.The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computer now plays very, very good chess.

They can&39;t beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else.If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart.Why not a machine？ The answer is that the machine doesn&39;t do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best.Human don&39;t play chess that way.They see patterns, while computers don&39;t.

This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence.Computers have no judgment, no common sense.So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence aims to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting.There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine that can think about anything under the sun, which a teenager can do.

The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success.But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one computers fall fiat on their display screens.For example.machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear.They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.

According to the passage， we know that the writer__________. 查看材料

A.thinks that artificial intelligence is just around the corner

B.doubts whether scientists can ever find artificial intelligence

C.does not believe that scientists have discovered real artificial intelligence

D.feels certain that scientists have obtained real artificial intelligence

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第4题

阅读材料，回答题。 Internet-based InstructionBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Int

阅读材料，回答题。

Internet-based Instruction

By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form. of distance learning (DL ) , and among the larger schools, it&39;s closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven&39;t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90 000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.

While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲) , reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.

The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there&39;s the convenience promised by courses on the Net : you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣 ) . But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While drop-out rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good

as the classroom course.

Clearly, from the schools&39; perspective, there&39;s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don&39;t come to campus, the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there&39;s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won&39;t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.

What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix？

查看材料

A.All its courses are offered online

B.Its online courses are of the best quality

C.It boasts the largest number of students on campus

D.Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree

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第5题

根据下面材料，回答题。 Hints for Reading Practice1 Most of us can find 15 minutes or half

根据下面材料，回答题。

Hints for Reading Practice

1 Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.

2 "Speed Reading" courses teach students how to read more quickly. In such courses,teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this too: look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.

3 Obviously, you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find something you don&39;t understand in the book, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what is said, why not read the chapter again？

4 Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading now. Read these pages as fast as you can. Don&39;t worry about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this"lightning speed" reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased.

5 Most paragraphs in an article have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the article, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often gives a summary of the most important points of the article.

Paragraph 2 __________ 查看材料

A.The organization of an article

B.Check your reading speed

C.A way to increase your reading speed

D.Check your understanding

E.Read something every day

F.Read extensively

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第6题

根据下面内容，回答题：0 Customers occasionally want something they are not entitled to or w

根据下面内容，回答题：

0 Customers occasionally want something they are not entitled to or what you

00 can’t grant．They may misundemtand their warranties or make unreasonable

34 demands．Because these customers are often unhappy with a product or

35 service，they are emotionally involved in．Lettere that say no to emotionally

36 involved receivers will probably be your much most difficult communication

37 task．As if publisher Malcolm Forbes has pointed out，“To be agreeable while

38 be disagreeing——that’S an art．”Fortunately．the reasons-before‘refusal plan

39 enables you to be empathic and artful in handling with bad news．Obviously，in

40 denial letters you will need to adopt the proper tone．Don’t blame on customers

41 0r suggest that the customer does not read or understand what the contract or

42 relative policies。even if they are at fault．Avoid use“you’’statements that

43 sound preachy．Instead，the safest path is to use neutral and objective

44 language to explain that why the claim must be refused．Sometimes you may

45 hope consider offering resale information to rebuild the customer’S confidence in your products or organization．

34.___________

查看材料

点击查看答案

第7题

阅读材料，回答题。Man cannot go on increasing his number at the present rate. In the next 30

阅读材料，回答题。

Man cannot go on increasing his number at the present rate. In the next 30 years man will faca period of crisis. Some experts believe that there will be a widespread food___ 51 ____. Other experthink this is too pessimistic (悲观的), and that man can prevent things from___ 52 ____worse tha they are now. But remember that two thirds of the people in the world are under-nourished or stmving now.

One thing that man can do is to limit the___ 53 ____of babies born. The need for this is obvious but it is not easy to achieve. People have to be___ 54 ____to limit their families. In the countries of the population___ 55 ____, many people like big families. The parents think that this makes a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look___ 56 ____them in old age.

Several governments have___ 57 ____birth control policies in recent years. Among them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some cases the results have not been successful. Japan has been an___ 58____The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1921~3. People were___ 59 ____to limit their families. The birth rate fell from 34.3 per thousand per year to about 17.0 per year___ 60 ____ present.

________ 查看材料

A.Need

B.want

C.Absence

D.shortage

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第8题

根据下面内容，回答题： Dr.William C.Stokoe，Jr.，was the chairman of the English Department a

根据下面内容，回答题：

Dr.William C.Stokoe，Jr.，was the chairman of the English Department at Gallaudet

University. He saw the way deaf people communicated and was extremely 1.He was a hearing person， and signs of the deaf were totally new to him.

Dr. Stokoe decided to propose a study of sign language. Many other teachers were not interested， and thought Dr. Stokoe was 2 to think about studying sign language. Even deaf teachers were not very interested in the project. However， Dr. Stokoe did not give up.3， he started the Linguistics Research Program in 1957. Stokoe and his two deaf assistants worked 4this project during the summer and after school. The three 5 made films of deaf people signing. The deaf people in the films did not understand 6 the research was about and were just trying to be nice to Dr. Stokoe. Many people thought the whole project was silly， but 7 agreed with Dr. Stokoe in order to please him.

Stokoe and his 8 studied the films of signing. They 9 the films and tried to see patterns in the signs. The results of the research were10: the signs used by all of the signers11 certain linguistic rules.

Dr. Stokoe was the first linguist to test American Sign Language12a real language.He published the 13 in 1960， but not many people paid attention to the study. Dr. Stokoe was still 14 ——he was the only linguist who 15 that sign language was more than gestures. He knew it was a language of its own and not just another form. of English.

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题查看材料

A.ashamed

B.bored

C.interested

D.involved

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第9题

根据下面短文内容，回答题。 Hints for Reading Practice（1) Most of us can find 15 minutes or

根据下面短文内容，回答题。

Hints for Reading Practice

(1) Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example,one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.

(2) "Speed Reading" courses teach students how to read more quickly. In such courses, teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this too:look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.

(3)Obviously, you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find something you don&39;t understand in the book, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what is said, why not read the chapter again？

(4)Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading now. Read these pages as fast as you can. Don&39;t worry about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this "lightning speed" reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased.

(5) Most paragraphs in an article have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the article, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often gives a summary of the most important points of the article.

Paragraph 2__________ 查看材料

A.The organization of an article

B.Check your reading speed

C.A way to increase your reading speed

D.Check your understanding

E.Read something every day

F.Read extensively

点击查看答案

第10题

回答题。 Relationship between Morals and ArchitectureThere is a closer relationship betwe

回答题。

Relationship between Morals and Architecture

There is a closer relationship between morals and architecture and interior decoration 51 we suspect. Huxley has pointed out that Western ladies did not take frequent baths 52 they were afraid to see their own naked bodies, and this moral concept delayed the 53 of the modern white-enameled bathtub for centuries. One can understand 54 in the design of old Chinese furniture there was so little consideration for human 55 only when we realize the Confucian atmosphere in which people moved about. Chinese redwood furniture was designed for people to sit 56 in, because that was the only posture approved by society.

Even Chinese emperors had to sit on a (n ) 57 on which I would not think of 58 for more than five minutes, and for that matter the English kings were just as badly off. Cleopatra went about 59 on a couch carried by servants, because 60 she had never heard of Confucius. If Confucius should have seen her doing that, he would certainly have struck her shins with a stick, as he did 61 one of his old disciples, Yuan Jiang, when the latter was found sitting in an 62 posture. In the Confucian society in which we lived, gentlemen and ladies had to 63 themselves perfectly erect, at least on formal 64 , and any sign of putting one&39;s leg up would be at once considered a sign of vulgarity and lack of 65

材料题请点击右侧查看材料问题查看材料

A.for

B.than

C.as

D.that

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第11题

回答题A．The difference between being a manager and being a leader is simple． Management i

回答题

A．The difference between being a manager and being a leader is simple． Management is a career．Leadership is a callin9．You don’t have to be tall， well—spoken and good looking to be a successful leader．You don’t have to have that“special somethin9”to fulfill the leadership role．

B．What you have to have is clearly defined convictions and，more importantly， the courage of your convictions to see them manifest into reality．Only when you understand your role as guide and steward based on your own most deeply held truths can you move from manager to leader．

C．Whether the group you oversee is called employees，associates，CO-workers， teammates or anything else，what they are looking for is someone in whom they can place their trust．Someone they know is working for the greater Good for them and for the organization．They’re looking for someone not only that they can but alse that they want to follow．

D．Because it is only when you have followers people who have placed their trust in you that you know you have moved into that leadership role．And the way you see is that your organization is transcending all previous quality， productivity，innovation and revenue achievements．You’re operating at such a high level of efficiency that you’re giving budget back to the corporation and you’re still beating your goals．

The author‘s attitude towards the difference between a manager and a leader．查看材料

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